TUGAS

BAHASA INGGRIS

OLEH

KELOMPOK 7

1. MEDRIAN H. NALLE (PO530320119133)

2. MELKIANUS M. ATE (PO530320119134)
3. NOVIANA TODO (PO530320119135)
4. PUTRI RAME HUKI (PO530320119136)
5. RINA S. HENUKH (PO530320119137)

POLITEKNIK KESEHATAN KEMENKES KUPANG

PROGRAM STUDI D-III KEPERAWATAN

TAHUN 2020/2021
A. Inpatient instructions for burn patients in the hospital
1. Hospitalize all patients with burns> 10% of body surface; which includes the
face, hands, feet, perineum, through joints; circular burns and those that are not
outpatient.
2. Check if the patient has a respiratory tract injury due to smoke inhalation
(snoring, burning nose hairs),
- Severe facial burns or inhalation trauma may require intubation, tracheostomy
- If there is evidence of respiratory distress, give oxygen (see section 10.7).
3. Fluid resuscitation (required for surface burns> 10%). Use Ringer's lactate
solution with 5% glucose, normal salt solution with 5% glucose, or half normal
salt with 5% glucose.
o The first 24 hours: calculate fluid requirements by adding fluids from
maintenance fluid requirements and resuscitation fluid requirements (4
ml / kg for every 1% of body surface burned).
 Give ½ of the total fluid needs within the first 8 hours, and the remaining 16
hours thereafter.
example: for a patient weighing 20 kg with burns of 25%
Total fluid within the first 24 hours
= (60 ml / hour x 24 hours) + 4 ml x 20kg x 25% burns
= 1440 ml + 2000 ml
= 3440 ml (1720 ml for the first 8 hours)

- Second 24 hours: give ½ to ¾ of fluids as needed during the first day

- Monitor the patient closely during resuscitation (pulse, breath rate, blood
pressure and urine count)
- Blood transfusions may be given to correct anemia or in deep burns to replace
blood loss.

4. Preventing Infection
- If the skin is still intact, clean the wound with an antiseptic solution gently
without tearing it.
 - If the skin is not intact, carefully clean the burn, and remove the dead skin.
- Give topical / antiseptic antibiotics: silver-nitrate, silver-sulfadiazine, gentian
violet, povidone and even mashed papaya).
- Minor burns or those that occur in areas that are difficult to close can be left
open and kept dry and clean.
5. Treat if infection occurs outside the skin
- If it is clear that a local infection (pus, foul odor, cellulitis), compress the
purulent tissue with moist gauze, perform necrotomy, treat with oral
amoxicillin (15 mg / kgBW / dose 3 times a day), and cloxacillin (25 mg /
kgBW / dose 4 times a day).
6. Manage pain
- Ensure adequate pain management including treatment before handling
procedures, such as changing dressings.
- Give oral paracetamol (10–15 mg / kg BW every 6 hours) or IV narcotic
analgesics (painful IM), such as morphine sulfate (0.05–0.1 mg / kg IV every
2–4 hours) if very ill.
7. Nutrition
- If possible start feeding immediately within the first 24 hours.
- The child should have a high calorie diet that contains adequate protein,
vitamins and iron supplements.
- Children with extensive burns need 1.5 times normal calories and 2-3 times
normal protein needs.
-
8. Physiotherapy and rehabilitation:
- Must be started as early as possible and continue throughout the burn
treatment process.
- If the patient is hospitalized for a long time, provide toys for the patient and
encourage him to keep playing.
B. Patients Being Discharged
1. Open the dressing carefully, if it is difflcuit to wet it withNacl 0,9%
2. Clean the wound using Nacl 0,9%
3. Do the wound using gauze
4. Provide topical medication according to advice on the wound
5. Cover the wound with gauze then put on the verband
6. Do this every day, 2 times a day,
7. Carry out control in the hospital to determine the progress of wound healing