Practice Test 5

READING SUB-TEST – QUESTION PAPER: PART A

TIME: 15 MINUTES

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

DO NOT open this Question Paper or the Text Booklet until you are told
to do so.
Write your answers on the spaces provided on this Question Paper.
You must answer the questions within the 15-minute time limit.
One mark will be granted for each correct answer.
Answer ALL questions.
Marks are NOT deducted for incorrect answers.
At the end of the 15 minutes, hand in this Question Paper and the Text
Booklet.
DO NOT remove OET material from the test room.
Text A
Junior Sports Injuries
Title: Patterns of injury in US high school sports: A review.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the risk of injury associated with 10 popular
high school sports by comparing the relative frequency of injury and selected
injury rates among sports, as well as the participation conditions of each
sport.
DESIGN AND SETTING: A cohort observational study of high school
athletes using a surveillance protocol whereby certified athletic trainers
recorded data during the 2016-2017 academic years.
SUBJECTS: Players listed on the school’s team rosters for football,
wrestling, baseball, field hockey, softball, girls’ volleyball, boys’ or girls’
basketball, and boys’ or girls’ soccer.
MEASUREMENTS: Injuries and opportunities for injury (exposures) were
recorded daily. The definition of reportable injury used in the study required
that certified athletic trainers evaluate the injured players and subsequently
restrict them from participation.
RESULTS: Football had the highest injury rate per 1000 athlete-exposures at
8.1, and girls’ volleyball had the lowest rate at 1.7. Only boys’ (59.3%) and
girls’ (57.0%) soccer showed a larger proportion of reported injuries for
games than practices, while volleyball was the only sport to demonstrate a
higher injury rate per 1000 athlete-exposures for practices than for games.
More than 73% of the injuries restricted players for fewer than 8 days. The
proportion of knee injuries was highest for girls’ soccer (19.4%) and lowest
for baseball (10.5%). Among the studied sports, sprains and strains accounted
for more than 50% of the injuries. Of the injuries requiring surgery, 60.3%
were to the knee.
CONCLUSIONS: An inherent risk of injury is associated with participation
in high school sports based on the nature of the game and the activities of the
players. Therefore, injury prevention programs should be in place for both
practices and games. Preventing re-injury through daily injury management is
a critical component of an injury prevention program. Although sports
injuries cannot be entirely eliminated, consistent and professional evaluation
of yearly injury patterns can provide focus for the development and
evaluation of injury prevention strategies.
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Questions “11” “12” “13” “14” “15” “16” “17” “18” “19” “20”
Text B
Literature review extract: Prevention of sports injuries.
... Langran and Selvaraj conducted a study in Scotland to identify risk factors
for snow sports injuries. They found that persons under 16 years of age most
frequently sustained injury, which may be attributed to inexperience. They
conclude that protective wrist guards and safety release binding systems for
ski-boards helps prevent injury to young or inexperienced skiers and
snowboarders. Ranalli and Rye provide an awareness of the oral health care
needs of the female athlete. They report that a properly fitted, custom-
fabricated or mouth-formed mouth-guard is essential in preventing intraoral
soft tissue lacerations, tooth and jaw fractures and dislocations, and indirect
concussions in sports.
Although custom-fabricated mouth-guards are expensive, they have been
shown to be the most effective and most comfortable for athletes to wear.
Pettersen conducted a study to determine the attitudes of Canadian rugby
players and coaches regarding, the use of protective headgear. Although he
found that few actually wear headgear, the equipment is known to prevent
lacerations and abrasions to the scalp and may minimize the risk of
concussion.
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Questions “11” “12” “13” “14” “15” “16” “17” “18” “19” “20”
Text C

Best practice guidelines for junior sports injury management and return
to play
When coaches, officials, sports first aiders, other safety personnel, parents
and participants follow the safety guidelines the risk of serious injury is
minimal. If an injury does occur, the golden rule in managing it is “do no
further damage”. It is important that the injured participant is assessed and
managed by an appropriately qualified person such as a sports first aider or
sports trainer. Immediate management approaches include DRABCD
(checking Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Compression and
Defibrillation) and RICER NO HARM (when an injury is sustained apply
Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation, Referral and NO Heat, Alcohol, Running
or Massage). Young participants returning to activity too early after an injury
are more susceptible to further injury.
Before returning to participation the participant should be able to answer yes
to the following questions:

Is the injured area pain free?

Can you move the injured part easily through a full range of
movement?
Has the injured area fully regained its strength?

Whilst serious head injuries are uncommon in children and young peoples’
sport, participants who have lost consciousness or who are suspected of being
concussed must be removed from the activity. Prior to returning to sport or
physical activity, any child who has sustained an injury should have medical
clearance.
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Questions “11” “12” “13” “14” “15” “16” “17” “18” “19” “20”
Text D
Research briefs on sports injuries in Canada

Approximately 3 million children and adolescents aged 14 and

under get hurt annually playing sports or participating in
recreational activities.
Although death from a sports injury is rare, the leading cause of
death from a sports-related injury is a brain injury.
Sports and recreational activities contribute to approximately 18
percent of all traumatic brain injuries among Canadian children and
adolescents.
The majority of head injuries sustained in sports or recreational
activities occur during cycling, skateboarding, or skating incidents.
Go to “1” “2” “3” “4” “5” “6” “7” “8” “9” “10”
Questions “11” “12” “13” “14” “15” “16” “17” “18” “19” “20”

Part A
TIME: 15 minutes
• Look at the four texts, A-D, in the separate Text Booklet.
• For each question, 1-20, look through the texts, A-D, to find the relevant
information.
• Write your answers on the spaces provided in this Question Paper.
• Answer all the questions within the 15-minute time limit.
• Your answers should be correctly spelt.

QUESTIONS
Questions 1-7
For each question, 1-7, decide which text (A, B, C or D) the information
comes from. You may use any letter more than once.

In which text can you find information about

1. what does ‘DRABCD’ stands for? _____
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
2. who conducted the study in Scotland to identify risk factors for snow
sports injuries? _____
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
3. when does majority of head injuries sustained in sports or recreational
activities occur? _____
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
4. what does ‘RICER NO HARM’ stands for? _____
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
5. who conducted the study among Canadian rugby players and coaches?
_____
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
6. which game has highest injury rate in US high school sports? _____
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
7. what is the leading cause of death from a sports-related injury? _____
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”

Questions 8-13

Answer each of the questions, 8-13, with a word or short phrase from one of
the texts. Each answer may include words, numbers or both.

8. What type of injuries are rare in children and young peoples’ sport?
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
9. Which equipment prevents lacerations and abrasions to the scalp?
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
10. Which game has lowest injury rate in US high school sports?
 Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
11. Which type of injury required surgery among majority players in US high
school sports?
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
12. What is the golden rule in managing an injury?
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
13. what is the most effective and most comfortable protective gear for
athletes?
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”

Questions 14-20
Complete each of the sentences, 14-20, with a word or short phrase from one
of the texts. Each answer may include words, numbers or both.
14. Majority of head injuries sustained in sports or _____ occur during
cycling, skateboarding, or skating incidents.
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
15. Preventing _____ through daily injury management is a critical
component of an injury prevention program.
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
16. _____ and safety release binding systems for ski-boards helps prevent
injury to skiers and snowboarders.
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
17. _____ showed a larger proportion of reported injuries for games than
practices in US high school sports.
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
18. Prior to returning to sport, any child who has sustained an injury should
have _____.
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
19. Injured participant should be assessed and managed by ______.
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”
20. Ranalli and Rye provide an awareness of the oral health care needs of
______.
Go to “Text A” “Text B” “Text C” “Text D”