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Lister Petter LT-LV Operators Manual
Lister Petter LT-LV Operators Manual
Introduction ........................................................................................... 2
Engine Features .................................................................................... 3
1. General Information .......................................................................... 4
2. Operating Instructions .......................................................................7
3. Engine Fluids .................................................................................. 11
4. Engine Servicing ............................................................................. 13
5. Index ...............................................................................................23
Introduction
Introduction manufacture. This Company does not
The purpose of this handbook is to lay guarantee that the same results will be WARNING
down operating guidelines for the LT1 and obtained elsewhere under different A WARNING SYMBOL WITH THIS
LV1 engine ranges. conditions. TYPE OF TEXT DRAWS ATTENTION
The specification details given apply TO SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS OR
to a range of engines and not to any one Using this Operators Handbook PROCEDURES WHICH, IF NOT
particular engine, in cases of difficulty the It is recommended the individual STRICTLY OBSERVED, MAY RESULT
user should consult the local Lister Petter steps contained in the various IN SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY, OR
Distributor or Dealer for further advice and maintenance or repair operations are LOSS OF LIFE.
technical assistance. followed in the sequence in which they
appear. Running-in
The information, specifications, When a diesel engine is operating or A gradual running-in of a new engine
illustrations, instructions and statements being overhauled there are a number of is not necessary. Extended light load
contained within this publication are given associated practices which may lead to running early in the life of the engine may
with our best intentions and are believed personal injury or product damage. cause detrimental damage to the cylinder
to be correct at the time of going to press. bore allowing lubricating oil to enter the
Your attention is drawn to the symbols
Our policy is one of continued shown and described below which are exhaust system.
development and we reserve the right to applied throughout this publication. To help assist engine running-in, all
amend any technical information with or engines are despatched with an initial fill
without prior notice. CAUTION lubricating oil which must be changed
Whilst every effort is made to ensure This caution symbol draws attention to after 100 hours.
the accuracy of the particulars contained special instructions or procedures which,
within this publication neither the if not correctly followed, may result in Associated Publications
Manufacturer, Distributor or Dealer shall damage to or destruction of equipment. Workshop Manual ............... P027-09207
in any circumstances be held liable for any Master Parts Manual ........... P027-08043
inaccuracy or the consequences thereof. Technical Handbook ........... P027-09212
WARNING
The information given is subject to the This warning symbol draws attention to
Company’s current Conditions of Tender special instructions or procedures which,
and Sale, and is for the assistance of if not strictly observed, may result in
users and is based upon results obtained personal injury.
from tests carried out at the place of
Engine Features
Air Cleaner
Fuel
Fuel tank pump
Dipstick
LT1 Lubricating
oil filler
LV1
LT1 Build 32
1. General Information
1.1 Safety Precautions instructed in the correct procedures before • Never connect a battery into the system
The following safety precautions are of attempting to start any engine. without checking that the voltage and
a general nature, more specific precautions polarity are correct.
appear where they are relevant. • Ensure the engine is free to turn without
obstruction. • Never flash any connection to check
1.1.1 General Precautions the current flow.
• Check that the lubricating oil level is
• Ensure the engine is securely correct. • Never experiment with any
mounted. adjustments or repairs to the system.
• The oil sump must be filled to the ‘full’
• Ensure that there is a generous supply mark on the dipstick; do not overfill. • The battery and charge windings must
of cooling and combustion air available. be disconnected before commencing
• Check that the fuel supply is adequate any electric welding when a pole strap
• Keep the engine and surrounding area and the system is primed.
clean. is directly or indirectly connected to the
• Ensure that the battery is connected, engine.
• Keep all safety guards in position. fully charged and serviceable.
• Keep the body and clothing clear of all • Where possible, disengage the driven WARNING
moving or hot parts. equipment while starting. Starting engines that are fitted with charge
• Never allow any part of the body to 1.1.3 Charge Winding Precautions windings which have been disconnected
come into contact with high pressure The following points must be strictly from the battery will cause irreparable
fuel oil, for example when testing fuel observed when charge windings damage unless the stator leads from the
injection equipment. are fitted otherwise serious damage can rectifier/regulator have been removed.
• Thoroughly clean any lubricating or fuel be done.
oil from the skin as soon as possible. 1.1.4 Starter Battery Precautions
• Never remove any electrical cable while
• Rectify all fuel, water and oil leaks as the battery is connected in the circuit. • Do not smoke near the batteries.
soon as practicable and clean any • Keep sparks and flames away from the
spillages when they occur. • Only disconnect the battery with the
engine stopped and all switches in the batteries.
1.1.2 Before Starting Precautions OFF position. • Batteries contain sulphuric acid - if the
• Always ensure that cables are fitted to acid has been splashed on the skin,
WARNING their correct terminals. eyes or clothes flush it away with
Starting any diesel engine can be A short circuit or reversal of polarity will copious amounts of fresh water and
dangerous in the hands of inexperienced ruin diodes and transistors. seek medical aid.
people. Engine operators must be
WARNING
Engine lifting eyes must not be used to lift
the complete plant.
2. Operating Instructions
2.1 Preliminary Instructions The engines are able to run • The two types of handle are not
The following operating instructions satisfactorily at ambient temperatures up interchangeable and care must be
are of a general nature and should be read to 25°C (77°F) without derating. Above taken to ensure the correct type is
in conjunction with, or substituted by, the this temperature the rated power must be retained with the engine.
equipment manufacturers instructions. reduced in accordance with the relevant • Always use the correct starting handle
ISO, BS or DIN Standards. which has been designed for the
WARNING The maximum temperature is 52°C engine.
Starting any diesel engine can be dangerous (125°F) and if it is desired to run at higher • Ensure there are no burrs on that part
in the hands of inexperienced people. temperatures the local Lister Petter of the handle which fits onto the engine.
Before attempting to start any engine the Distributor or Dealer should be consulted.
• Ensure the handle grip is clean, dry
operator should read the "1.1 Safety
2.2 Starting Handle Precautions and free to turn on its shaft.
Precautions" and be conversant with the use
of the engine controls and the correct starting A non-limited kick-back handle (A), or • Clean and lightly oil that part of the
procedures. limited kick-back handle (B) system may handle which fits onto the engine.
be fitted to the engine. • Firmly hold the handle grip, with the
CAUTION thumb on top of the grip, during the
starting procedure.
ETHER BASED COLD START AIDS IN
AEROSOL CANS MUST NOT BE USED
UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES. WARNING
Systems may be fitted to allow a measured Do not attempt to use a handle if it is
quantity to be injected into the inlet manifold, damaged in any way.
but these must be used in accordance with
the manufacturers instructions.
WARNING
EXHAUST GASES CONTAIN CARBON Figure 2.2.1 Starting Handles
MONOXIDE WHICH IS A COLOURLESS,
ODOURLESS AND POISONOUS GAS
THAT CAN CAUSE UNCONSCIOUSNESS
AND DEATH.
6. If the cold starting aid was not used 8. Turn the engine control lever anti-
turn the engine slowly for up to 20 turns clockwise to the 'RUN' position.
to prime the combustion chamber and 9. If a variable speed control is fitted
lubricating oil system. reduce the speed as required.
7. Firmly hold the handle grip, with the
thumb on top of the grip as shown in
'Figure 2.4.4 Holding the Starting
Handle', and crank the engine really
fast, when sufficient speed is obtained
move the decompressor lever towards Figure 2.5.1 Engine Control
the gear end and continue to crank until
the engine fires. 2. Check that the decompressor lever is
towards the gear end.
WARNING 3. If a variable speed control lever is fitted
Do not pull the starting handle away from move it to the fast position.
the engine while cranking. 4. If the ambient temperature is below -
Retaining a firm grip on the handle, lift 10°C (14°F) refer to items 2. and 3.
the spring loaded plunger (D), if fitted, in "2.3 Cold Starting Aid".
and remove the handle from the
housing.
CAUTION
Never stop the engine by operating the
decompressor lever or valve damage may
occur.
3. Engine Fluids
3.1 Oil Specification 2. Where it is not practical to continually
To help assist engine running-in, all change oils to suit varying ambient CAUTION
engines are despatched with an initial fill temperatures, a suitable multigrade oil API CD, API CE, API CF-4 or MIL-L-
lubricating oil which must be changed is recommended to ensure adequate 2104C/D/E oils can inhibit the running-in
after 100 hours. starting performance at the lowest process in new or reconditioned engines
temperature likely to be encountered. and are not suitable for engines running
All subsequent oil changes must be on low duty cycles.
as specified in "4.13 Maintenance - 3. ’L’ Series engines must be run on
schedule hours". heavy duty lubricating oils that at least 4. The oil must be suitable for 250 hour
meet the requirements of one of the oil changes without undue degradation,
CAUTION following: with sump temperatures reaching
Some of the following classifications may API CC MIL-L-46152B 150°C (302°F) under severe tropical
not be available in your country. In cases DEF2101D MIL-L-2104B conditions, and 120°C (248°F) under
of difficulty, it is suggested contact be normal conditions.
Straight mineral oils are not suitable,
made with a reputable oil supplier or any neither are oils of less detergency than 5. For engines in long running
Lister Petter Distributor. specified. installations Lister Petter should be
consulted.
1. The temperatures mentioned in the
tables are the ambient temperatures at Note:
the time when the engine is started. Higher specification oils meeting API CD,
However, if monograde oils are used and API CE and API CF-4 are more commonly
running ambient temperatures are available than API CC. The use of these
significantly higher than starting oils in new engines is acceptable for
temperatures, a higher viscosity oil topping up the 'first fill' and following the
should be selected subject to satisfactory first 100 hours when running-in has been
starting performance. Multigrade oils completed.
may be used to overcome the problem. These oils are particularly suited to
engines running at a high load factor, or in
conjunction with high ambient
temperatures. They must also be used
where the sulphur content of the fuel
exceeds 0.5%.
3.3 Oil Viscosity 2. In order to maintain the cold starting a residual oil or blend. Vaporising oils are
The following chart shows the correct characteristics of any recommended not suitable as fuels for these diesel
oil viscosity for various °C ambient grade, it is essential that oil changes engines.
temperature ranges for cold start to are made within the Lister-Petter The user is cautioned that although
maximum running temperatures. recommendations. the engines may operate on fuels outside
Before selecting a viscosity grade An oil change is recommended the above specifications, such operation
refer to Notes: immediately if the engine fails to reach may well result in excessive wear and
its normal cold start cranking speed due damage.
to excessive oil viscosity.
Fuel dilution of the lubricating oil will CAUTION
adversely affect cold starting and oil
consumption. The fuel injection equipment is
3. SAE 30 and 10W-30 oils may be used manufactured to very accurate limits and
at up to 52°C (126°F) but oil the smallest particle of dirt will destroy its
consumption may be affected. efficiency.
10W-40, 15W-40 and 20W-40 Fuel, free from water and contaminants is
multigrade oils are recommended for of the utmost importance.
continuous full load operation at this
temperature. 3.5 Fuel in Low Temperatures
4. Monograde SAE 40 oils are not Special winter fuels are often available
recommended. for use at ambient temperatures below
Notes:
0°C (32°F).
A. Intermittent running.
B. Synthetic oils only. 3.4 Fuel Specification These fuels have a lower viscosity and
The engine must only be used with limit the formation of wax at low ambient
°F = (1.8 x °C) + 32.
diesel fuel oil which conforms to one of temperatures.
1. SAE 5W-20 oils are recommended on the following:-
the basis that they are fully synthetic,
and are technically suitable for use up a. BS 2869:1988 Class A2. CAUTION
b. BS EN590:1995 Class A1. Wax formation can rapidly reduce the flow
to 25°C (77°F). Non synthetic oils at
of fuel through the fuel filter element.
very low temperatures will suffer from c. USA Specification ASTM D-975-77
wax crystallisation. Grades No.1-D and 2-D.
Monograde SAE 5W is not normally
d. BSMA 100 Class M1 for marine use.
available as a synthetic oil and therefore
is not quoted. The fuel must be a distillate, and not
4. Engine Servicing
4.1 Preliminary Instructions • Before carrying out any maintenance
These recommendations and work on an engine it is advisable to WARNING
instructions cover LT and LV engines remove the battery. SOME ENGINES MAY BE FITTED WITH
therefore they are of a general nature and The battery and charge windings must SEALS OR ‘O’ RINGS MANUFACTURED
may include optional equipment not be disconnected before commencing FROM ‘VITON’ OR A SIMILAR MATERIAL.
specifically covered in this book. any electric welding when a pole strap WHEN EXPOSED TO ABNORMALLY
More detailed information can be found is directly or indirectly connected to the HIGH TEMPERATURES, IN EXCESS OF
in the Workshop Manual or any Lister engine. 400°C (752°F), AN EXTREMELY
Petter Diesel distributor can be consulted. CORROSIVE ACID IS PRODUCED
• It is essential to ensure that nuts and WHICH CANNOT BE REMOVED FROM
• The engine should receive regular bolts are tightened to the torques THE SKIN.
attention during the first 50 hours of its specified in the Workshop Manual. IF SIGNS OF DECOMPOSITION ARE
life from new and after a major overhaul. • When re-assembling an engine EVIDENT, OR IF IN DOUBT, ALWAYS
• Long periods of light or ‘no load’ lubricate all moving parts with engine WEAR DISPOSABLE HEAVY DUTY
running early in the engine’s life may oil. GLOVES.
lead to cylinder bore glazing and high • Renew nuts and bolts that have been
oil consumption. taken from high stress locations. 4.1.1 Before Starting Work
• The instructions given in "4.13 Before starting any dismantling
In particular nuts and/or bolts from the procedure the following should be
Maintenance - schedule hours" are connecting rods should be renewed.
based on average operating conditions considered:
• The fuel injector can only be checked • Do you know and understand the
and cover the minimum requirements
and set off the engine using suitable engine and all the related systems?
to keep an engine running at peak
specialist test equipment.
performance with trouble free operation. • Do you have sufficient electrical and
• Under very dusty conditions, air WARNING mechanical knowledge and skills to
cleaners, lubricating oil and fuel filters understand the symptoms?
ON NO ACCOUNT ALLOW ANY
will require more frequent attention. • Do you have suitable electrical
UNPROTECTED SKIN TO COME INTO
• Decarbonising may be required more CONTACT WITH THE INJECTOR SPRAY diagnostic equipment available?
often if the engine has been running AS THE FUEL MAY ENTER THE BLOOD • Do you have, or access to, the
on light loads for long periods. STREAM WITH FATAL RESULTS. necessary Lister Petter spare parts
before you commence dismantling.
4.2 Precautions for Filters and 4.3 Initial Attention 4.4 Priming the Fuel System
Elements To help assist engine running-in, all If the engine is fitted with a self priming
• Particular attention is drawn to the engines are despatched with an initial fill fuel system it should not be necessary to
instructions given later in this section lubricating oil which must be changed prime the system.
for replacing filters. after 100 hours.
• Used liquid filters and elements contain All subsequent oil changes must be
some of the filtered liquid and should as specified in "4.13 Maintenance -
be handled and disposed of with care. schedule hours".
• After handling new or used elements It is recommended that the following
the users hands should be thoroughly receive attention after the engine has run
washed, particularly before eating. 50 hours and again after 250 hours.
• Adjust the valve clearances, if
WARNING necessary.
Fuel and new or used lubricating oil may • Check and tighten nuts, bolts and
cause skin irritation. unions paying particular attention to the Figure 4.4.1 Priming the Fuel System
fuel system.
• Check the lubricating oil level and top 1. Fill the fuel tank.
WARNING up if necessary. 2. Move the engine control lever to the
The materials used in the manufacture and ‘RUN’ position.
• Observe the exhaust at the normal full
treatment of some filters and elements may
load. 3. Vent the fuel filter through the bleed
cause irritation or discomfort if they come
into contact with the eyes or mouth and The exhaust must be free from soot. A screw (A) until a full air free flow of fuel
they may give off toxic gases if they are black exhaust means that the engine is obtained.
burnt. is overloaded or that the injection 4. Vent fuel at the pump through the bleed
equipment is out of order. screw (B) until a full air free flow of fuel
Do not allow the engine to run with a is obtained.
WARNING dirty exhaust without investigating the
Care must be taken to ensure that waste cause as this may result in an
fuel, oil and filter elements are disposed expensive breakdown.
of in accordance with local regulations to • Following the initial attention, routine
prevent contamination. maintenance must be carried out as
specified in "4.13 Maintenance -
schedule hours".
page 14 Lister Petter LT and LV Operators Handbook
4. Engine Servicing
- valves and decompressor adjustment
4.7 Air Cleaner - Build 32 4.8 Air Cleaner - electric start 4.9 Air Cleaner - other Builds
1. Slacken the clip (A). Builds 1. Remove the cover (A) by removing the
2. Remove the cleaner (B) from the 1. Remove the air cleaner from the centre bolt.
manifold (C). manifold by removing the centre bolt
(A) taking care to retain the copper
washer.
4.10 Draining and Filling the Oil Sump 6. Fill the sump through the oil filler to the Oil Sump Capacity
Before draining the oil read, "4.2 top mark on the dipstick (B).
litres pints US qts
Precautions for Filters and Elements".
LT1 1.3 2.3 1.3
CAUTION LV1 1.3 2.3 1.3
Do not overfill with lubricating oil as this
may have a detrimental effect on engine Capacity Between Dipstick Marks
performance.
litres pints US qts
1. If possible run the engine immediately
before draining the oil. LT1 0.20 0.35 0.21
2. Place a suitable container under the LV1 0.20 0.35 0.21
drain plug.
3. Remove the drain plug (A).
Figure 4.10.2 Oil Filler
WARNING
BATTERIES CONTAIN SULPHURIC ACID
WHICH CAN CAUSE SEVERE BURNS
AND PRODUCE EXPLOSIVE GASES.
IF THE ACID HAS BEEN SPLASHED ON
THE SKIN, EYES OR CLOTHES FLUSH
WITH COPIOUS AMOUNTS OF FRESH
WATER AND SEEK IMMEDIATE
MEDICAL AID.
4.15 Long Term Storage Preparing the Engine for Storage Returning the Engine to Service
The following routine should be carried a. Replace the fuel in the tank with a small Refer to the appropriate sections for
out when it is known that the engine will supply of suitable inhibition fluid. the relevant detailed instructions as
not be required for some months. b. Drain the lubricating oil from the sump necessary to complete this work.
If the procedure is not carried out the and refill with new oil. a. Remove the tie-on labels and all the
engine should be run on full load for c. Run the engine for a period to circulate protective coverings from openings
approximately 45 minutes once a month. the oil through the system and to and apertures.
ensure the inhibition fluid is passed b. Fill the fuel tank.
CAUTION through the fuel pumps and injectors. c. Refill the lubricating oil sump with new
As a direct result of combustion, the d. Stop the engine and drain the oil of the correct specification and
lubricating oil may contain harmful acids. lubricating oil from the sump. viscosity.
It should not be left in the sump if it is
The crankshaft should NOT be turned d. Remove the batteries from store. If they
known that the engine will not be used for
until the engine is again required for are still fully charged reconnect them
extended periods.
service. to the engine.
The inhibition fluid should be left in the Coat the terminals with petroleum jelly.
fuel system. e. Start the engine and check for fuel and
e. Seal all openings on the engine with oil leaks before applying load.
tape.
f. Remove the batteries and store them
fully charged after coating the terminals
with petroleum jelly.
g. Grease all external bright metal parts
and the speed control linkage.
h. Tie labels on the engine clearly stating
what steps have been taken to inhibit
the engine during storage.
5. Index
A H P
Air cleaner .................................... 16 Hand starting .................................. 8 Priming the fuel system ................ 14
Ambient temperature ...................... 7
Associated publications .................. 2 I R
Initial attention .............................. 14 Running-in ...................................... 2
B Introduction ..................................... 2
Battery .......................................... 18 S
L Safety precautions .......... 4, 5, 7, 14
C Long term storage ........................ 21 Safety symbols ............................... 5
Cold starting aid .............................. 8 Serial number ................................. 6
M Stopping the engine ...................... 10
D Maintenance - schedule hours ...... 19
Decompressor adjustment ........... 15 T
N Technical data ................................ 6
E Nomenclature ................................. 6
Electric starting ............................... 9 U
Engine features .............................. 3 O Using this Operators Handbook ...... 2
Oil specification ............................ 11
F Oil sump ....................................... 17 V
Fault diagnosis ............................. 19 Oil viscosity................................... 12 Valve clearance ............................ 15
Fuel filter ....................................... 18 Operating instructions ..................... 7
Fuel for low temperatures ............. 12
Fuel specification .......................... 12