An Overview of Emerging

Trends in construction
Industry

Ajit Sabnis
ajitsabnis57@gmail.com
The Initial Force
1
EMERGING PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
TRENDS
CONCRETE
MASONRY
TECHNOLOGY

CONSTRUCTION
INDUSTRY

MACRO ENTITY FORMWORK

REHABILITATION
ENGINEERING

BUILDING MATERIALS CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY

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 EMERGING TRENDS IN CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY

1.High Strength / High performance Concrete ( HSC/ HPC)

2.Self Compacting Concrete (SCC)

3.Fiber Reinforced concrete (FRC)

4.Polymer Modified Concrete (PMC)

5.High Volume Flyash Concrete (HVFC)

6.Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC)

7.Self Healing Concrete / Bacterial Concrete

8.Cement

9.Admixtures 3
 EMERGING TRENDS IN
CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY

HIGH STRENGTH / HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE

HSC- is primarily used in critical
components.

For structures exposed to aggressive

environmental conditions, HPC
ensuring long term Durability in terms
of resistance to weathering action,
chemical attack, abrasion etc is
important.

High fluidity without segregation, Low Cutting section of real

coefficient of Permeability, High size RC column using
Dimensional Stability are some of the 150 MPa concrete. Steel
important characteristics of HSC and fiber was added in the
HPC. 150 MPa concrete to
prevent early spalling of
the cover concrete.
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SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE (SCC) EMERGING TRENDS IN
CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY

The use of Self-Compacting Concrete

(SCC) in the precast industry is gaining
an increasing amount of attention due
to the many benefits that may be gained
from its properties.

“ A concrete that is capable of self compacting, occupies all the space

in the form without any external means like mechanical vibrations etc”

The guiding principle behind SCC is that the sedimentation velocity of

a particle is inversely proportional to the viscosity of the floating
medium in which the particle exists.

The Viscosity is greatly influenced by the powder content in the

medium. It is common practice to use substantial amount of mineral
admixture such as Flyash, GGBS to avoid thermal cracking. 5
FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE (FRC) EMERGING TRENDS IN
CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY

Flexural deformation ability of ductile

fiber reinforced cementitious
composite

FRC- Fiber reinforced concrete is a type of concrete that includes

fibrous substance that increases its structural strength, durability and
ductility. FRC has minute distinct fibers that are homogeneously
dispersed in the concrete matrix and randomly oriented to give it a kind
of three dimensional stability. The improvement in concrete properties
by including these fibers depend on fiber content, shape of fiber,
aspect ratio of Fiber etc.

Depending on the type of fibers used, FRC is generally categorized as ;

Steel fiber Reinforced Concrete ( SFRC) - Synthetic Fiber Reinforced
Concrete ( SNRC) - Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete ( GFRC)
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POLYMER MODIFIED CONCRETE (PMC) EMERGING TRENDS IN
CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY

AT LEFT, AN UNMODIFIED PATCH IS

EASILY DISLODGED DUE TO A LACK
OF HYDRATION DURING CURING AND
LACK OF ADHESION. AT RIGHT, A
MODIFIED PATCH AT 10% POLYMER
(PERCENT POLYMER BY WEIGHT TO
CEMENT) WOULD NOT BUDGE.

In certain cases we use concrete

formulations using organic polymers or
resins to tackle the limitations offered by
the ordinary concrete.

PMC is a composite in which 10 to 15% by

weight of cement binder is replaced by a
POLYMER MODIFIED
synthetic organic binder or a polymer latex.
CEMENT WATER
PROOFING
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HIGH VOLUME FLYASH CONCRETE (HVFA) EMERGING TRENDS IN
CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY

Fly ash concrete is used in

severe exposure
applications
such as the decks and
piers of a bridge.
Ex:Tampa Bay's Sunshine
Skyway Bridge.
HVFA has very low water content and at least 50% of the Portland cement
mass is replaced by class C or Class F – Flyash. Sometimes due to low
WC ratio, use of Super-plasticisers are required to improve workability
criteria while placing the concrete.

HVFA has excellent workability , low heat of hydration, durability

properties.

Another important aspect of HVFA is its low electrical conductivity and

the consequent ability to resist corrosion.

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REACTIVE POWDER CONCRETE (RPC) EMERGING TRENDS IN
CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY

RPC beams are similar in size to

steel beams.

RPC- Reactive Powder Concrete is an ultra High strength and

high ductility composite material. It is a special concrete with its
micro structure optimized by precise gradation of all particles in
the mix to yield maximum density.

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 EMERGING TRENDS IN
CEMENT CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY
NANO CEMENT
Nano Cements are being developed as cements
containing well dispersed nano particles of
cement and mineral admixtures. These nano
particles would be evenly distributed among the
larger particles of mineral admixtures and with
such fine dispersion, even a lower content of
cement should be able to provide us the desired
binding of aggregates and admixture particles.

ENGINEERED CEMENT
Engineered Cement can be equated to Engineering the performance of
cement by tailoring the chemical composition and by controlling the
particle size distribution.

Further by the incorporation of mineral admixtures such as Fly ash or

GGBS in binary blends with OPC offer significant improvements in
durability properties. Ternary blends with Silica fume alter the
microstructure and density and strengthen the weak aggregate-mortar
interface zone. 10
 EMERGING TRENDS IN FORMWORK (1)

With the explosive growth in high-rise residential construction, the

Load-Bearing Wall (LBW) system is gaining recognition. The walls and
slab are poured simultaneously when using the innovative tunnel form
construction method. Since the forms are stripped in 24 hours, the
daily cycle meets the demand of fast-track construction for repetitive
cell layouts, synonymous with many hotel and condominium projects.
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 NEW FORM EMERGING TRENDS IN
MATERIALS (2) FORMWORK

Extruded aluminum forms

Plastic Forms
Fiber forms
Fabric forms
Form liners
Com Shells
Inflated Forms
Or In combination of above

Note : Form-liners are normally made of Rubber / silicone /

Thermoplastic or Polystyrene to impart intricate designs
surface finishes. 12
NEW FORM EMERGING TRENDS IN
TYPES (3) FLY FORMS FORMWORK

GANG FORMS
SLIP FORMS
SUSPENDED SLAB FORMS
BEAM FORMS
JUMP FORMS
SINGLE-SIDED FORMS
CANTILEVER FORMS
ARCH FORMS
WALL AND COLUMN FORMS
TUNNEL FORMS
BRIDGE DECK FORMS
SHAFT-LINING FORMS
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TYPICAL FORM SAMPLES (4) EMERGING TRENDS IN
FORMWORK
TYPICAL FINISH
WITH FORM LINER

TYPICAL WALL
FORM
TYPICAL CIRCULAR
COLUMN FORM

Some times Form liners are

also referred as Stay-in-Place
Formwork.
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TYPICAL FORM SAMPLES (5) EMERGING TRENDS IN
FORMWORK

TYPICAL ALUMINUM
SLAB FORM
WITH ADJUSTABLE
PROPS

TYPICAL ALUMINUM TABLE FORM

WITH ADJUSTABLE PROPS
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TYPICAL FORM SAMPLES (5) EMERGING TRENDS IN
FORMWORK

TYPICAL ADJUSTABLE
TUNNEL FORMS

TYPICAL ADJUSTABLE
CURVED TUNNEL FORMS

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TYPICAL FORM SAMPLES (6) EMERGING TRENDS IN
FORMWORK

THE
ALUMINUM
WALL
FORMS.

The benefits of using aluminum forms are superior to the old

method of plywood forming for formed cast-in-place concrete.
Apart from the dimensional stability of the forms, the overall
quality of the pour seems much better with tighter tolerances.
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OTHER FORM SAMPLES (7) EMERGING TRENDS IN
FORMWORK

INSULATING CONCRETE FORMS

Homes built using an Insulating

Concrete Form (ICF) system literally
have the insulation built into the
walls as part of the structure. This
system creates walls that have a
high thermal resistance, with R-
values typically above R-17. Even
though ICF homes are constructed
using concrete, they look just like
traditional stick-built homes.
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SLIP FORM SAMPLES (8) EMERGING TRENDS IN
FORMWORK

SLIP FORM – PLACER BOOM

MOUNTED ON TOP
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OTHER FORM SAMPLES (9) EMERGING TRENDS IN
FORMWORK
COMSHELL FORM

TYPICAL FABRIC
FORM

TYPICAL
INFLATED FORM
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EMERGING TRENDS IN CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY

1.Pre Engineered Buildings

2.Pre-Cast Buildings

3.Construction Equipment

4.Fast Track Construction

5.Tilt-up Construction

6.Ground Freezing

7.High Rise Buildings

8.Soundless demolition Systems

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 EMERGING TRENDS IN
PRECAST CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY

SCC and computerized precision color

control are revolutionizing the Precast
Industry.

Ultralite panels are being manufactured with Carbon Cast, a grid of

carbon fiber reinforcing. The resulting weight reduction generates
savings in transportation, erection, and substructure costs.
The new POST- Prestressed Open Space Truss provides a solution
for long-spans, while maintaining the shallow floor depth of a flat
plate system. This system works well for parking spaces in the lower
levels.

Hybrid construction marries the benefits of PC and CIP (Cast in Place)

for a desired result, such as seismic performance, cost savings or
schedule implications. 22
 EMERGING TRENDS IN
PRECAST CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY
EASI PANELS PVT LTD- MYSORE

HOLLOW CAVITY WALL - EXTERNAL GRADE

OF WALLING PANEL (NON LOAD BEARING).

PRECAST WALL 100 MM THICK.

INSTALLED AT ONE OF
THE FACTORY IN MYSORE.

PRECAST HOLLOW CAVITY RETAINING WALL

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 EMERGING TRENDS IN
TILT-UP CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY

The Tilt Up industry is reaching new heights with the record lift
nearing 100 feet. Production is streamlined with embedded facers
cast integrally with wall panel to greatly reduce labor
requirements with conventional brick and mortar veneer.

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ERECTION OF STRUCTURAL STEEL X COLUMNS EMERGING TRENDS
AT JNS DELHI- COMMON WEALTH GAMES-2010 IN CONSTRUCTION
TECHNOLOGY

•Largest roof over seating area

Floodlights & PA in India and among the top 5
System
largest in the world.
Membran
e Roof •70 m cantilever; 40 m height
from the ground.

New Ramp •First Cable Fabric Roof in India

System

•10,000 MT of Structural Steel.

Primary Roof
Structure
•500 MT of cable structure
holding the fabric – Imported
from Germany.

Existing stadia
bowl

• 55,000 Sqm Special Glass Fabric (PTFE) Roof – Imported from

USA.
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ERECTION OF STRUCTURAL STEEL X COLUMNS EMERGING TRENDS
AT JNS DELHI- COMMON WEALTH GAMES-2010 IN CONSTRUCTION
TECHNOLOGY

The entire construction process of the

stadium was a state of art construction. Be
it erection of V & X- shape structural
columns OR………
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ERECTION OF STRUCTURAL STEEL X COLUMNS EMERGING TRENDS
AT JNS DELHI- COMMON WEALTH GAMES-2010 IN CONSTRUCTION
TECHNOLOGY

…..Cable Net Stressing or be it

the erection of Geo fabric
Membrane with Roof Manholes
and Maintenance Catwalks.

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ERECTION OF STRUCTURAL STEEL X COLUMNS EMERGING TRENDS
AT JNS DELHI- COMMON WEALTH GAMES-2010 IN CONSTRUCTION
TECHNOLOGY

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HIGH RISE BUILDINGS
EMERGING TRENDS IN
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY

The "Super Flex Wall" is a structural

frame method newly developed by the
Takenaka Corporation, used in
combination with a core wall (the
earthquake-resistant reinforced
concrete wall penetrating through the
center of the building from the lower
part to the top floor) and a structural
control method or with a base-isolation
method. Part of the structure is
cantilevered from the central core along
the periphery of the building.
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 EMERGING TRENDS IN
GROUND FREEZING TECHNOLOGY CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY

Ground freezing technology makes use of the

properties of artificially frozen ground. To
achieve this, freeze pipes are bored or driven
into the ground in specified intervals. A
refrigerant is passed through the freeze pipes
absorbing the heat of the surrounding ground
as it circulates.

Ground freezing technology can be applied in

the following areas:
■ Tunnel construction
■ Deep Excavations in loose soil.
■ Extraction of undisturbed soil samples
■ Forcing through railway underpasses
■ Soil remediation

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SOUNDLESS DEMOLITION SYSTEMS EMERGING TRENDS IN
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY

The traditional approach to demolishing

concrete structures or reducing the size
of large rocks or boulders has typically
included the use of explosives. The
resulting explosions are associated
with the obvious risks posed by shock
waves and fly rock. These problems,
along with other detrimental side effects
of using explosives, have increased an
interest in the use of alternative
methods to demolish rock and concrete
structures.
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EQUIPMENT EMERGING TRENDS IN
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY

The emergence of electronics in

construction machines presents
the opportunity to re-engineer and
simplify the operator interface of
the machine. By using electronic
and electro-hydraulic control
systems, intelligent machine
functionality will dramatically
improve operator ease of use. This
change in turn will enhance
machine productivity and the
comfort and safety of the operator.

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 EMERGING TRENDS IN
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY

REINFORCEMENT

Fabrication and corrosion are the crux of most Rebar issues.

“Reinforcement Carpet” gives a unique solution to reduce shipping and
erection costs. With little waste, this innovative tool may greatly change
the speed and precision of concrete mat construction. Galvanized and
stainless clad rebar offer less expensive, but corrosion-resistant
alternatives to stainless steel rebar. The latest technology of MMFX
micro-composite steel gives a high-strength, corrosion-resistant product
with a cost-effective price.
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 EMERGING TRENDS IN BUILDING MATERIALS

• BENDABLE CONCRETE • BIOMIMICRY SURFACES

• SELF HEALING CONCRETE • COMPOSITES

• TRANSLUCENT CONCRETE • ECO BRICKS

• ELECTRIFIED WOOD • BASALT RODS

• BIO ENGINEERED BRICKS • CONCRETE LUMBERS

• SENSITILES • INTELLIGENT FIXTURES

• ELECTROCHROMIC GLASS • FACADES AND PANELS.

• LIQUID GRANITE

• CARBON FIBERS
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 EMERGING TRENDS
IN BUILDING
LIQUID GRANITE MATERIALS
BENDABLE CONCRETE

TRANSLUCENT CONCRETE
SENSITILES

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 EMERGING TRENDS
IN BUILDING
MATERIALS

BARK SIDINGS AND SHINGLES

ELECTRIFIED WOOD

FLYASH UNFIRED -ECO BRICKS

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 EMERGING TRENDS
BIO ENGINEERED BRICKS IN BUILDING
MATERIALS

SAND AND
BACTERIA FOR
HARDENING

Flip A Switch And An

ELECTROCHROMIC Window
Can Change From Clear To Fully
Darkened Or Any Level Of Tint
In-between.

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 EMERGING TRENDS REHABILITATION
ENGINEERING

RCC STRUCTURES DETERIORATE SLOWLY DUE TO:

• CYCLIC TEMPERATURE,
• VARIATIONS IN LOADING PATTERNS,
• PHYSICAL CAUSES AND
• CHEMICAL ATTACK DUE TO ENVIRONMENT, ETC.

IF NOT PAID PROPER TIMELY ATTENTION, THESE DETERIORATE

RAPIDLY AND FAIL TO MEET THE FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENT FOR
ITS DESIGNED SERVICE LIFE.

VARIOUS CAUSES OF DETERIORATION LIKE ORIGINAL

CONSTRUCTION DEFECTS, CHLORIDE INDUCED CORROSION,
CARBONATION OF CONCRETE, SULPHATE ATTACK, CRACKING DUE
TO THERMAL GRADIENT, PLASTIC SHRINKAGE CRACKS AND
FOUNDATION SETTLEMENT ETC., ARE TO BE LOOKED INTO, BEFORE
ADOPTING ANY STRATEGY.
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 EMERGING TRENDS
REHABILITATION
ENGINEERING

EMERGING TRENDS IN REHABILITATION

ENGINEERING ENCOMPASS ALL THE FOLLOWING
SPHERES.

•DIAGNOSTIC DEVICES FOR DISTRESS

ASSESSMENT.

•MATERIALS FOR RETROFITTING &

REHABILITATION.

• IMPLEMENTATION TECHNIQUES

•ASSESSMENT OF PERFORMANCE OF THE

MEASURES.

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 EMERGING TRENDS
IN THE DOMAIN OF DIAGNOSTIC REPAIRS REHABILITATION
ENGINEERING

A Ground Profometer
Thermography
Probing Radar Device for
Camera
Device Rebars

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 EMERGING TRENDS
IN THE DOMAIN OF TECHNIQUES REHABILITATION
ENGINEERING

TYPICAL WRAPPING
PROCESS Bonded Pre-stressed
Laminates

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 EMERGING TRENDS
REHABILITATION
ENGINEERING

WITH THE ADVENT OF NEWER

RETROFITTING MATERIALS AND
TECHNIQUES; AND WITH THE
BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE
BASICS OF RETROFITTING /
REHABILITATION ENGINEERING,
WE CAN NOW FORESEE STILL
BRIGHTER DAYS IN THIS FIELD.

-Dr. CSV
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EMERGING TRENDS IN MASONRY

The Mortarless Concrete Block Building

System comprises of blocks with six
different internal configuration that form
three separate air cores when stacked in
a single thickness.

Blocks are stacked without mortar, and

the center core of the stacked blocks is
filled with grout to form a solid concrete
core that separates the other two air
cores. This grout flows around and
through each block, bonding it to the
surrounding block and forming a grid of
columns and beams that tie all of the
blocks and walls together without mortar
joints. 43
 EMERGING TRENDS
AUTOCLAVED AERATED CONCRETE BLOCKS IN MASONRY

AAC is well known as an environmentally

friendly construction material. In the
manufacturing process, no pollutants or
toxic by-products are produced. AAC is
also completely recyclable. Large,
precisely dimensioned elements of AAC
allow rapid construction. Their greater
dimensional accuracy requires less on-site
adjustment. The combination of large size
and dimensional accuracy allows greatly
increased productivity. Due to the light
weight of AAC, reduced equipment
demands are realized. 44
SPRAY PLASTER EMERGING TRENDS
IN MASONRY

Ready Mix Cement Plasters render high quality finish. It can be used
efficiently on brick, block, stone walls as well as concrete surfaces .
Benefits:
•Smooth plaster and Less curing (pre-wetting compulsory)
•Time saving and least rebound
•Light colored plaster walls with uniform quality
•Ensures Quality Plaster. 45
EMERGING TRENDS IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT

WTP 5 MLD DELHI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

STP 15 MLD

Elevators 63 Nos EPC (Engineering, Procurement and

Escalators 31 Nos Construction) concept involves multiple
Travellators 5.20 Km
project participants performing the entire
Conveyors for baggage 6.4 Km
design and construction process including
X-Ray machines 41 Nos.

Boarding bridges 78 nos.

Flight information Displays
Number of Documents
Mails Exchanged
PTB- Building Envelope
procurement of a variety of critical
729 nos. components and interaction with clients and
735900 nos many other stakeholders simultaneously.
2485600 Nos
The PSRM (Project Scheduling, reporting &
200000 sqm

PTB-Toilet Blocks 145 Nos.

Monitoring) system adopted by L&T was
PTB- Baggage Handling per 12800 bags extensive. All activities at both macro and
Hour
PTB-Passenger boarding 78 Nos micro level were designated with appropriate
bridges
Apron- India’s longest 640000 Sqm weightages, S-Curves drawn for easy
monitoring.
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 EMERGING TRENDS IN
BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING PROJECT MANAGEMENT

A BIM (Building Information Modeling) is the creation of parametric, or

intelligent, 3D models instead of 2D perspective „un-intelligent‟ drawings. A BIM
operates on a digital database and any change made to this database is
reflected throughout the entire drawing. This allows everyone involved in the
building lifecycle – architects, engineers, contractors, developers, and building
owners - to sync together allowing them to view the model in different ways and
seamlessly share information.
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 In conclusion,

future civil engineers cannot bind themselves

just to the knowledge they have accumulated
within four walls of a class room. They need to
keep learning the Emerging Technologies and
apply it on field.

This presentation is an humble effort to make

you stand face to face with the marvels of
Emerging Construction Technologies.

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THANK YOU ALL
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