• Write a program to accept two strings and find one is substrings of

another or not?
PROGRAM:-
MainString=input("Enter string:")
sub_str=input("Enter word:")
if(MainString.find(sub_str)==-1):
print("Substring not found in string!")
else:
print("Substring in string!")

Same question framed with more difficulty level as follows:

Write program to find all possible substrings for an inputted string.
PROGRAM:-
str = input("Enter string:")
n = len(str)
arr = []
for i in range(0,n):
for j in range(i,n):
arr.append(str[i:(j+1)])
print("All subsets for given string are: ")
for i in arr:
print(i)

• Write a program to confirm how many Armstrong/prime no’s are

present in a given list of 2 to 100.
Hint for Armstrong no:
d11 =d1
d1d2 = d12 + d22
d1d2d3 = d13 + d23 + d33
d1d2d3d4 = d14 + d24 + d34 + d44
PROGRAM:-
lower = 2
upper = 100

print("Prime numbers between", lower, "and", upper, "are:")

for num in range(lower, upper + 1):

# all prime numbers are greater than 1
 if num > 1:
for i in range(2, num):
if (num % i) == 0:
break
else:
print(num)

print("Armstrong numbers between", lower, "and", upper, "are:")

for num in range(lower, upper + 1):

# order of number
order = len(str(num))

# initialize sum
sum = 0

temp = num
while temp > 0:
digit = temp % 10
sum += digit ** order
temp //= 10

if num == sum:
print(num)

• Write a program to confirm how many strings are there in a given

list, which are palindrome or starts with vowel.

PROGRAM:-
def palindrome(s):

v = []

for i in s:

if vowel(i):v.append(i)

if len(v)== 0: print("-1")

else:

x = v[::-1]

f = 1

for i in range(len(x)):

if x[i]!= v[i]:
 f = 0

break

if f == 1: print("YES")

else: print("NO")

s = input("Enter string:")

palindrome(s.strip())

• Write are different ways of swapping the values of two variables

without using third variable:
One solution:
X, y= y,x

PROGRAM:-

x = 10

y = 50

x, y = y, x

print("After Swapping: x =", x, " y =", y);

Second solution:
X = x+y
y=x-y
x= x-y

PROGRAM:-

x = 10

y = 50

x = x + y

y = x - y
 x = x - y

print("After Swapping: x =", x, " y =", y);

Third solution:
X = x^y
Y=x^y
X=x^y

PROGRAM:-
x = 10

y = 50

x = x ^ y

y = x ^ y

x = x ^ y

print("After Swapping: x =", x, " y =", y);

Fourth solution:
X = x*y
Y=x/y
X=x/y

PROGRAM:-

x = 10

y = 50

x = x + y

y = x - y

x = x – y
 print("After Swapping: x =", x, " y =", y);

• Write a program to find how many are the leap years in range of
1300-2000.
For example: 1300, 1700, 1900 are not a leap year.
PROGRAM:-

year = int(input("Enter a year: "))

if (year % 4) == 0:
if (year % 100) == 0:
if (year % 400) == 0:
print("{0} is a leap year".format(year))
else:
print("{0} is not a leap year".format(year))
else:
print("{0} is a leap year".format(year))
else:
print("{0} is not a leap year".format(year))

• Find maximum and minimum marks scored by the same student

in any of these courses m1,m2,m3,m4,m5.
Solution: one way to go by using min and max comparison.
Second way by using sorting
PROGRAM:-

def getMinMax(low, high, arr):

arr_max = arr[low]

arr_min = arr[low]

# If there is only one element

if low == high:

arr_max = arr[low]

arr_min = arr[low]

return (arr_max, arr_min)

 # If there is only two element

elif high == low + 1:

if arr[low] > arr[high]:

arr_max = arr[low]

arr_min = arr[high]

else:

arr_max = arr[high]

arr_min = arr[low]

return (arr_max, arr_min)

else:

# If there are more than 2 elements

mid = int((low + high) / 2)

arr_max1, arr_min1 = getMinMax(low, mid, arr)

arr_max2, arr_min2 = getMinMax(mid + 1, high, arr)

return (max(arr_max1, arr_max2), min(arr_min1, arr_min2))

sub1=int(input("Enter marks of the first subject: "))

sub2=int(input("Enter marks of the second subject: "))

sub3=int(input("Enter marks of the third subject: "))

sub4=int(input("Enter marks of the fourth subject: "))

sub5=int(input("Enter marks of the fifth subject: "))

arr =[sub1,sub2,sub3,sub4,sub5]

high = len(arr) - 1

low = 0

arr_max, arr_min = getMinMax(low, high, arr)

print('Minimum number is ', arr_min)

print('Maximum number is ', arr_max)

• To find second highest score or 3rd highest score done by him in
any of his courses in the above question.
PROGRAM:-
sub1=int(input("Enter marks of the first subject: "))

sub2=int(input("Enter marks of the second subject: "))

sub3=int(input("Enter marks of the third subject: "))

sub4=int(input("Enter marks of the fourth subject: "))

sub5=int(input("Enter marks of the fifth subject: "))

arr =[sub1,sub2,sub3,sub4,sub5]

b = sorted(list(set(a)),reverse=True)

print("2nd highest score: ",b[2])

print("3rd highest score: ",b[1])

• Programs for printing patterns in Python

• Simple pyramid pattern

Program:
height = int(input())
for i in range(1,height+1):
print(('* '*i))

• Simple pyramid pattern After 180 degree rotation

Program:
height = int(input())
for i in range(1,height+1):
print(('* '*i).rjust(height*2))

• Printing Triangle
Program:
height = int(input())
for i in range(1,height+1):
print(('* '*i).center(height*2))
• Number Pattern like pyramid
Program:
height = int(input())
for i in range(1,height+1):
[print(j,end=' ') for j in range(1,i+1)]
print('\r')

• Numbers pattern without re assigning the values means Number pattern with
distinct values like pyramid.
Program:
height = int(input())
num = 1
for i in range(1,height+1):
for _ in range(1,i+1):
print(num, end=' ')
num += 1
print('\r')

• Character Pattern like pyramid

Program:
height = int(input())
s = 'A'
for i in range(1,height+1):
print(((s+' ')*i))
s = chr(ord(s)+1)

• Star character like diamond.

Program:
height = int(input())
for i in range(1,height+1):
print(('* '*i).center(height*2))
for i in range(height,0,-1):
print(('* '*i).center(height*2))

• Continuous Character pattern like diamond

Program:
height = int(input())
s = 'A'
for i in range(1,height+1):
ns = ''
for j in range(1,i+1):
ns += s
s = chr(ord(s)+1)
print(' '.join(ns).center(height*2))
for i in range(height,0,-1):
ns = ''
for j in range(1,i+1):
ns += s
s = chr(ord(s)+1)
print(' '.join(ns).center(height*2))