Training of service technicians 2008 Continuous batch washer

Jensen GmbH, Harsum

1. Basics (CBW)

1.1 Cycle time

Staying time of a linen batch per compartment in a continuous batch washer
Example: At an average throughput time of 30 min the cycle time
for a linen batch with a

20 compartment CBW = 90 sec
and with a

5 compartment CBW = 360 sec

The cycle time depends on the type of linen, on the load and the
degree of soiling of the linen.

throughput time of a linen batch through the CBW

Cycle time =
number of compartments of the CBW

1.1.1 Table: Cycle time in dependence on the number of compartments

No. of comp. Cycle time

of the CBW in [ min ] in [sec ]
5 6,0 360
6 5,0 300
7 4,5 260
8 4,0 225
9 3,5 200
10 3,0 180
11 2,7 165
12 2,5 150
13 2,3 140
14 2,2 130
15 2,0 120
16 1,9 115
17 1,8 105
18 1,7 100
19 1,6 95
20 1,5 90
Table values based on a wash time of von 30 min

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Training of service technicians 2008 Continuous batch washer
Jensen GmbH, Harsum

1.2 Table: Standard values for wash times and loading of

different kinds of textiles

The amounts to be loaded and the wash times depend on the kind of textile and the
soiling degree, due to this the standard values given may vary.

Wash time Loading

Type of linen Degree of soiling
in [min] in [%]

Bed linen normally 30 100

Table linen normally 30 100

heavily 45 100

Visa normally 30 60

Terry towels normally 30 100

Hotel linen slightly 24 100

Kitchen linen heavily 40 - 50 100

Pillows slightly 30 - 40 35

Blankets slightly 30 50

Mats slightly 24 - 30 100

Top clothes slightly 30 75

Surgical linen normally 30 - 36 100

Mops 30 100

Special linen 45 - 60 75

Wipers 45 - 55 90

Garments

Polycotton linen slightly 30 75

heavily 45 - 60 75

Cotton slightly 30 100

heavily 45 - 60 100

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Training of service technicians 2008 Continuous batch washer
Jensen GmbH, Harsum

1.3 Liquor
Liquor means the amount of liquid which is used for washing.

There is a difference between:

bound liquor - the amount of liquor absorbed by the wash good
free liquor - difference out of entire liquor and bound liquor
(Liquor which remains in the drum, if the linen
which has soaked up the liquid is removed)
To be considered : Cotton binds approx. 2 l of liquor

1.3.1 Bound liquor for the different types of linen

referring to 1 kg of dry linen

bound liquor in litres

Type of linen
per kg/dry linen
Terry towels 2,5
Cotton 2,0
Polycotton 1,5 – 1,6
Surgical linen (impregnated) 1,2 – 1,3
Mops 3,0

1.3.2 Liquor ratio

The liquor ratio shows the ratio of dry linen in kg to wash liquor in litres.

Entire wash liquor in litres

Liquor ratio =
Load of dry linen in kg

This means that at a liquor ratio of 1 : 5,5, referring to 1 kg of dry linen of cotton,
there are 2 litres of bound liquor in the linen and 3,5 litres of free liquor.

low liquor ratio – high mechanical washing action

more stress onto the linen
high liquor ratio – lower mechanical washing action
less stress onto the linen

Liquor ratios in the CBW : Pre-wash-zone 1 : 4,5 – 5

Main-wash zone 1 : 4,0 – 4,5
Rinse zone 1 : 4,5* - 7**
Finishing comp. 1 : 3,5 – 4***
*first rinse compartment **last rinse compartment
***depending on the extraction which follows
(water extraction press, centrifugal extractor)

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Training of service technicians 2008 Continuous batch washer
Jensen GmbH, Harsum

1.3.3 Wash zones and liquor ratios

Prewash zone
Clear wash zone
Rinse zone
Conditioning (in most cases only one compartment – max. two)

Prewash zone Clear wash zone Rinse zone

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 11 12 13

1:4,5 1:4,5 1:4,5 1.4,5 1:4,5 1:4,5 1:4,5 1:4,5 1:4,5 1:4,5 1:5 1:6 max
1:4 1:4 1:4 1:4 1:4 1:4 min

Diagram: CBW Universal Conditioning comp.

1.3.4 Filling ratio / Loading ratio

The filling ratio shows the ratio of wash drum volume
in litres to dry linen in kg.

Filling ratio = Wash drum volume / Load of dry linen in kg

Formula: V= 2 x (A +A' ) x compartment width (washing area)

V= 2 x (A +A' ) x compartment width (transport area)
A= d² x 3,14 / 8
A'= (d² x 3,14 / 8) - ((h/(6xs) x (3h² + 4s²))
A ''= A - A'
h= d/2 - eccentricity
s= 2 x root of (d/2)² - eccentricity²

TRANSPORT AREA = A''

A''
Eccentricity
A'

WASHING AREA= A + A'

Advantage of eccentricity – The washing area is bigger than the transport area.

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Training of service technicians 2008 Continuous batch washer
Jensen GmbH, Harsum

1.3.5 Table: Filling ratio compartment 1 (Input compartment)

In the input compartment there are different geometrical conditions than in the following compartments.
Drum Length of Volume Volume Volume
CBW Filling ratio Filling ratio
Diameter comp. Washing Transport
Type Washing Transport
in [mm] in [litres] in [litres] in [litres] in [litres]
P25 1271 1000 1268 1488 1 : 60 1048 1 : 42
P36 1430 1136 1824 2133 1 : 60 1514 1 : 42
P50 1600 1277 2566 2993 1 : 60 2139 1 : 43
P72 1770 1485 3652 4250 1 : 59 3055 1 : 42
P90 1897 1500 4237 5141 1 : 57 3334 1 : 37

1.3.6 Table: Filling ratio up from compartment 2 (Wash

compartments)
Drum Length of Volume Volume Volume
CBW Filling ratio Filling ratio
Diameter comp. Washing Transport
Type Washing Transport
in [mm] in [litres] in [litres] in [litres] in [litres]
P25 1271 600 761 893 1 : 33 629 1 : 25
P36 1430 625 1003 1174 1 : 30 833 1 : 23
P50 1600 700 1407 1641 1 : 30 1173 1 : 24
P72 1770 800 1967 2289 1 : 30 1646 1 : 23
P90 1897 860 2429 2947 1 . 30 1911 1 : 21

1.3.7 Peripheral speed – Speed on the casing on the inner drum

The peripheral speeds to be adjusted are as follows:

0,8 m/s - reduced peripheral speed for CBWs for polycotton linen which are
designed with 4 beaters and frequency converter, in order to reduce
the mechanical washing action for the treatment of normal linen.
0,9 m/s - normal peripheral speed for standard machine with
2 beaters without frequency converter – normal mechanical
washing action
1,1 - 1,2 m/s - higher peripheral speed for the treatment of polycotton garments
for CBWs which are equipped with 4 beaters and a frequency
converter.
Remark: Continuous batch washers Universal for the washing of particularly
polycotton garments are equipped with a frequency converter for the
adjustment of different peripheral speeds and 4 beaters in the washing
and rinsing compartments.
Speeds on the casing of the inner drum
m/sec 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0 1,1 1,2
m/min 36 42 48 52 60 66 72

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Training of service technicians 2008 Continuous batch washer
Jensen GmbH, Harsum

1.3.8 G-factor
Ratio of centrifugal acceleration on the drum casing to the acceleration due to
gravity

d = Diameter of the inner drum [m]

G-factor = 5,6 x d x n2 x 10-4 n = Drum speed [1/min]

Machine type G-factor

Linen starting
Intermediate
to stick to the Final centrifuging
centrifuging
Wash cycle drum
Washer
0,7-0,9 0,95-1,2 50-220 300-600
extractor
CBW etwa 0,1 If centrifugal extractors as above are used

1.3.9 Washing movement

 The perforation of the inner drum will no longer be covered by linen in this area  by
lifting of the linen and of the wash liquor so that the liquor flows from the double drum
into the inner drum.
 Liquor from inner drum flows from the linen through the perforation into the double drum

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