Basic English - Part 2

1St Edition

The simple present tense

Use
1. the action is general
2. the action happens all the time, or habitually, in the past, present and future
3. the statementis always true
4. the action is not only happening now

Form
I, you, we, they Drink Coffee
+
He, she, it Drinks Coffee
I, you, we, they Do Not Drink Coffee
-
He, she, it Does Not Drink Coffee
Do I, you, we, they Drink Coffee
?
Does He, she, it Drink Coffee

1. We only use -s ending (plays) in the third person singular.

2. We add -es to the verbs that end in ss, sh, ch, x and o: misses, finishes, watches,
mixes, goes.
3. If the verb ends in a consonant and -y, we change -y into -i and use the -es ending:
carry - carries, try - tries.
4. But: play - plays, because this verb ends with a vowel and -y.
5. We can change Do not with Don’t and Doesn’t for Does not

I live in Jepara.
The Moon goes round the Earth.
John drives a taxi.
He does not drive a bus.
We do not work at night.
Do you play football?
Does Eko work in a restaurant?

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Basic English - Part 2
1St Edition

- to give your opinion - I like fried chicken. I don't like orange juice.
- to talk about schedules – Our company opens at eight. It doesn't open at 7.
- to talk about daily habits (routine actions)- Sara eats rice for breakfast every
day. She doesn't eat bread.
- to give facts - The earth circles the sun. The moon doesn't circle the sun.

To answer standart question of Present tense, we only use Yes or No

Do You Speak English ?
- Yes, I do
- No, I don’t
Does She work as manager ?
- Yes, She does
- No, She doesn’t

Nina : Where do you live now?

Bambang : I live in Jepara. However, I’m from Semarang.
Nina : do you have any brothers or sisters?
Bambang : Yes, I have an older brother and a younger sister,
so there are five of us in our family
Nina : Good for you! I am an only child
Bambang : So, the family members are you, your father, and your mother?
Nina : And my cat, too. My parents and I love him so much.
Bambang : That is so nice!

A Good Boy
Billy always listens to his mother. He always does what she says. If his mother says,
"Brush your teeth," Billybrushes his teeth. If his mother says, "Go to bed," Billy goes to
bed. Billy is a very good boy. A good boy listens to his mother. His motherdoesn'thave
to ask him again.Sheasks him to do something one time, and she doesn't ask again.
Billy is a good boy. Hedoes what his mother asks the first time. Shedoesn'thave to ask
again. She tells Billy, "You are my best child." Of course Billy is her best child. Billy is
her only child.

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Basic English - Part 2
1St Edition

Question Words
There are two types of questions:

 Yes or no questions
 Wh questions

Question words are also called wh questions because they include the letters 'W' and
'H'. There are so much question words in english, but in this lesson we will discuss
about main question of WH question, these are :
what(information) why(reasons)
where(location) Which (Choice)
when(time) How (manner)
who(people)

Examples
Do you know him?
Do you have any brothers and sisters?
What do you do in your free time?
What do you think?
What do you want?
What do you want for breakfast?
Where do you live?
Where do you work?
Where do you want to go?
When do you want to have lunch?
When does he sleep ?
Who do you want to speak to?
Why do you love her?
Why do you learn english ?
Which newspapers do you read?
How do you know him?
How much does that cost?
How do you get there?

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Basic English - Part 2
1St Edition

Anita : What do you do, Budi ?

Budi : I’m an office worker at PLTU TJB Jepara.
Anita : I see. Do you like your job?
Budi : Yes, I like it. But it takes an hour and a half to commute. It is hard for me.
Anita : Wow, that’s far. I can’t imagine doing that.

Budi : Do you have any hobbies, Anita?

Anita : Nothing special, but I like watching movies. I spend time watching movies
during my leisure time.
Budi : Sounds fun. What kind of movies do you like?
Anita : Romantic movies. I really enjoy them! How about you?
Budi : I like singing.
Anita : You seem to be good at it! Do you do it often?
Budi : Yes, every weekend. I’m keen on dangdut.
Anita : That’s nice.

Self Introducing

My name is Steven I live in JerukWangi a village inJepara, Central Java Indonesia. Ilive
in a house with my wife Siti, and our twochildren areLisa and Roni. I work at PLTU TJB
Jepara,and I really enjoy my job I am a project manager and I have to responsible to the
management of construction activities. My responsibilities are implementation of the
plan requirements, supporting the Construction manager and responsible for assuring
that the quality assurance and quality control requirements during the construction
phase of the Project are met. For that responsibilities I have anauthority to delegate the
coordination of quality activities to the EPC IHE Project QA/QC Manager and
Construction Manager, including the development and implementation of the quality
program and providing QA/QC support to the construction activities. I have 2 days for
holiday in a week Saturday and Sunday. I enjoy the weekends with my family.
Isometimes take my family to beach or to visit my wife’s mum.She lives at Mlonggo a
subdistrict in Jepara. She loves to see hergrandchildren,Roni always tells her about his
activities atschool. I enjoy my life and I love my family so much.

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Basic English - Part 2
1St Edition

Possessive Adjective
Possessive adjectives are used to show possession or ownership of something. While
we use them when we refer to people, it is more in the sense of relationship than
ownership.

Examples
 My car is very old.
 Her boyfriend is very friendly.
 Our dog is black.
 Their homework is on the table.
 friday is my favourite day of the week
 My birthday is in september

Like all adjectives in English, they are always located directly in front of the noun they
refer to. (Possessive Adjective + Noun)

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Basic English - Part 2
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Possessive Pronouns
Possessive pronouns are used in English to avoid repeating information that is
already clear. In general it makes the sentence less confusing because the same
information is not being repeated.
 This book is my book, not your book. (Sounds repetitive)
This book is mine, not yours. (Mine and yours are possessive pronouns)
 In the sentence, mine is a possessive pronoun that replaces my book.
In the sentence, yours is a possessive pronoun that replaces your book.

The possessive pronouns in English are as follows:

Possessive
Subject
Pronouns

I Mine

You Yours

He His

She Hers

It --- *

We Ours

You Yours

They Theirs
* We avoid using the possessive pronoun ITS.
Examples:
 I didn't have my umbrella so Sri lent me hers.
(I didn't have my umbrella so Sri lent me her umbrella).
 Her car is faster than mine.
(Her car is faster than my car).
 That food is ours and not theirs.
(That food is our food and not their food).
 I know this drink is yours but I need to drink something.
(I know this drink is your drink but I need to drink something).

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Basic English - Part 2
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 The kids are yours and mine.

 The house is theirs and its paint is flaking.
 The money was really theirs for the taking.
 We shall finally have what is rightfully ours.
 Their mother gets along well with yours.
 What's mine is yours, my friend.
 The dog is mine.
 The cat is yours.
 The ring is hers.
 The bag is theirs.

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