Higher National Certificate/Diploma in Engineering

Assignment Brief
Unit Number and Title 21: Electrical Machines
Academic Year 2020-2021
Unit Tutor Dr. H.Amreiz
Assignment Title Electrical Machines
Issue Date 08 October 2020
Submission Date 19 December 2020
IV Name & Date Dr. H.Chebbo
Unit Learning Outcomes
LO1: Assess the constructional features and applications of transformers.
LO2: Analyse the starting methods and applications of three-phase induction motors and synchronous
machines.
LO3: Investigate the types of generator available in industry by assessing their practical applications.
LO4: Analyse the operating characteristics of electromagnetic transducers and actuators.

Assignment Brief and Guidance

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Scenario:
As a trainee you are asked by your company to solve the following tasks related to the construction and
design of electrical machines. Throughout the term you have studied all theory about construction and
design of different electrical machines. You have to carry out these task with the deadline mentioned in
this assignment. Your promotion in the company will depend on how well you solved the tasks and the
way you presented and reported the results. Your report must include excellent solutions and professional
presentations. All the tasks must be handed in one report within the specified deadlines.

LO1 ASSESS THE CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES AND APPLICATIONS OF TRANSFORMERS.

Task 1
a. Describe the main core types of transformers and how they operate
b. What are the main applications of transformers.
c. Discuss the main connections of three-phase transformers.
d. A transformer has 500 turns in the primary windings and 100 turns in the secondary
side. The resistances in the primary and secondary sides are 0.3 Ω and 0.1
Ω.respectively and the reactances are 2.0 Ω and 0.1 Ω respectively.
Find:
1. The equivalent resistance referred to the primary
2. The equivalent reactances referred to the primary
3. The equivalent impedance referred to the primary
4. The phase angle of the impedance

e. A 200 kVA rated transformer has a full-load copper loss of 1.5 kW and an iron loss of 1 kW.
1. Determine the transformer efficiency
i. At full load and 0.85 power factor.
ii. At half full load and 0.85 power factor
2. Determine the maximum efficiency at power factor 0.89

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LO2 ANALYSE THE STARTING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS OF THREE-PHASE INDUCTION
MOTORS AND SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES.

Task 2

a. Analyse the operation of induction and synchronous motors and the main applications of
these motors.
b. A 400V, 4 Pole, 3 Phase, 50 Hz star connected induction motor has a rotor resistance and
reactance/phase = 0.01Ω and 0.1Ω respectively and stator resistance and
reactance/phase of 0.641 and 1.106 respectively and Xm=26.3. The equivalent circuit
is referred to the stator. Determine i) Starting Torque ii) Slip at which maximum torque
will occur. iii) Speed at which maximum torque occurs iv) The value of maximum torque
v) Full load torque if full load slip is 4%. Assume ratio of stator to rotor turns as 4.
c. Analyse the different methods of starting induction motors and synchronous machines
d. Justify the selection of a motor for a specific industrial application.
e. Critically evaluate the efficiency of a number of available motors and make a
recommendation for a specified operational requirement.

LO3 INVESTIGATE THE TYPES OF GENERATOR AVAILABLE IN INDUSTRY BY ASSESSING THEIR

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS.

Task3
a. Explain the types and constructions of generators (direct current, alternating current and
excitation)
b. Identify a generator for a specific application, considering their characteristics.
c. A 3Φ, 16 pole, star connected salient pole alternator has 144 slots with 10 conductors per
slot. The alternator is run at 375 rpm. The terminal voltage of the generator found to be
2.657 kV. Determine the frequency of the induced emf and the flux per pole
d. Justify the application of a specific type of generator.
e. Assess the efficiency of a number of available generators and make a recommendation
for a specified operational requirement.

LO4 ANALYSE THE OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC TRANSDUCERS

AND ACTUATORS.

Task 4

a. Describe in general terms the parts and operation of a magnetic actuator and
transducer
b. Explain fully the different types of transducers ( passive, active and sensors)

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 c. Explain fully the different types of actuators (solenoid, linear and rotary)
d. The magnetic circuit shown in the figure below has dimensions Ac = Ag= 10 cm2, g =
0.05 cm, lc = 50 cm, and N = 600 turns. Assume the value of the relative permeability,
μr = 70,000 for core material. (a) Find the reluctances Rc and Rg. For the condition
that the magnetic circuit is operating with Bc = 1.0 T, find (b) the flux and (c) the
current i.

e. Justify the selection of suitable transducers for specific industrial applications

f. Analyse the practical application of transducers and actuators in an industrial situation
and make recommendations to improve the operating efficiency of the units in use.

Submission Format
Guidelines for assignment submission

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a. The assignment has 15 Tasks to cover 4 LO’S.
b. Please submit the assignment ON TIME.
c. The assignment must be submitted on time to be considered for a DISTINCTION grade.
d. The assignment will be subject to PLAGIARISM checks. PLAGIARISM is a serious academic
offence and will automatically lead to ACADEMIC MISCONDUCT PROCEDURES. In the
event of COLLUSION (similar/identical submissions) please note that both students will
automatically be subject to ACADEMIC MISCONDUCT PROCEDURES.
e. The assignment should not exceed 25 pages.
f. When IPADS/TABLETS/MACS are used please make sure documents are saved as .doc.
Otherwise the submission will not be valid and may not be marked.

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