The additonal variables to be specified for load Mow soltion are the tap settings of ‘regulating transformers upper ard lower limits of active and reactive power generations, bus vokage limits. The hest choice in some seme ofthe values of specified variables lead to the best load flow solution. Operating economy is a good guess ofthe best values of specified Variables ina small ‘psicm guided by past experience. The economic operat of the generator nits in the ‘aris types of plant in the system to effect the esonom required. The lad dispatcher or the consol enginer histo consider x numberof factors ~ whes to intrchage encty fam ene ‘tation to another, how much energy to interchange, the cost of supplying energy to the interconnection, the eost of energy received om the interconnectioe, ex. Other fnctars affecting the economy of opertion are variation in fuel costs, labour costs and weather conditions, normal and emergency equipment ratings, reserve requirements, voltage imitations, characteristics ofthe prime movers, transmission losses, ef. Te main economic factor in power system Opava isthe cost of generating real power The main factor controlling the most desirable load allocation between various generating Units ig the ttal cost. The primary requirement of a power sytem is to generate at each ‘moment, the exact amount of power required by'the consumers and to generate that amount of pomerat the lowest est. ‘ Interconnected power sysiem is more reliable, venient to‘ operate and offers economia ‘operating ost "The tercemnection 9F OFS Patmce SPR PG] IP yaae Ay = 014) + 21 = 399 The cptmality condition is satisfied, Iheefore Ps) = 13S MW Poa = Py-Par = 250-135 = thew The optimum stedules Pe = 135 yy Poo = 1S MW elem ct care of er mis er otprepada 2, a1 ~ ~100+4000),-2002 tes = = 1884+40405-240) Pay = = 180+ 40 00,-2 462 ht foal demand eoucts 200 4. ring ‘He ontinam allocation of toad beret Solution © Assing yo — ey = 19 Poy = 7100 40% 10-25. 10 = 6p Pua 159405 102 x tps 7s 2G = 59‘Cost of generation for wit 1, F, = 0.2 « (8B8889) + 40 «48.8889 + 120 = $295.8 Rehr © Cost of gnention ort? Fy = 025 « @1.8 111)? 43091-1111 150 = 9564 Rete 10 ‘Hfeach unit supplied ie 90 MW - "a ay) 40+, vareneinosttewerscy ~ f (Sp}xam= fan. sanhe pry waa wa] nin om se = 816411 Rehr Net saving = 84,197 +(- 836811) = 0.5559 Ruhr ‘OPTIMUN GENERATOR ALLOCATION (Tramimission Losses Incluted without Considering B,, coefficient) Consider two bus system shown in Fig..16, 1m power sytem, transmission loses = 15 49 20% of total load | Ais necessary to ake ito account when developing an optimal dispatch strategy’ © ® Pay Pos Fig. 6.16, ‘Suppose Fo and Po2 are having same capacity. But the power flows from (1) t0 @ Therefore, it mast be more economical to let generaee (2) ?, sph north ©) Po = Poi + Pp