CRUDE OIL WASHING (COW)

 In COW, cargo itself is used to wash the tank and stir up and dissolve the waxy,
asphaltic deposits, which are carried out as the cargo is discharged.
 COW is carried out using fixed machines with 1 or 2 nozzles.
 The nozzles can rotate vertically and horizontally.
 The machine can be programmed to wash sections of the tanks as the cargo is
discharged.

Disadvantages of Sludge:-
1) Sludge deposits reduce efficient drainage resulting in prolonged stripping.
2) It lowers the ships carrying capacity.
3) It causes loss in earnings.
4) It dirties clean ballast.
5) It can cause pockets of CH gas to form, thus impeding gas freeing of tanks.

Advantages of COW:-
1) Crude oil stirs, agitates and disperses sludge and sediments.
2) Crude oil holds it in suspension and carries it out during discharge.
3) COW saves time and expenses in tank cleaning and also improves the out turn of
cargo.
4) COW reduces risk of pollution.
5) COW prevents corrosion of pipes and plating by sea water.
6) COW prevents contamination of cargo by sea water.

Disadvantages of COW:-
1) COW increases the work load in port.
2) It reduces the discharge rate.
3) It requires trained personnel to carry it out safely.