Dan Victor B.
Lofranco Grade 12 – STEM
Research Major Output
Truancy: Affect on
Junior High School
Students in Tagbina
National High School
1.1 Problem and its Background
It is the choice of the parents to allow their
child to go to school. As the child grows there
are chances that the student became a truant.
Schools often deal with the common problem
regarding to students having a poor overall
performance. One of these factors is the
absenteeism during class which may degrade
the students’ performance depending on the
amount of absences, the teacher usually
monitors absences and categorize them as
absent and excused.
According to Phil star GLOBAL, there are
27.7 million students in the entire Philippines.
In Caraga Region, the net attendance for
student in all school levels is 92% for female
and 83% for male. Hence, the net absent rate
for female is 8% and 17% for male. Some of
the factors are caused by Truancy.
Truancy is an act of illegally skipping during
class without a good reason, in which may
affect the academic performance of the
student. Truancy is also the factor of drop-out
and out of school children. Particularly in
High School have higher rate of truancy and
by observation the male student usually the
one who attempts to skip class. Situation like
these make the students vulnerable to the
influence of drugs and forbidden doings
without their parents acknowledgement.
Anything that will happen to the truants will
be blamed to their school. It will
likely damage the reputation and causes more
problems to the school. Truant cases has been
for many years but recently it has become
more serious matter as the number of cases
rises sharply either those who truant
alternately or continuously. One major issue
that schools are currently had is seeing little or
no improvement with the effectiveness dealing
with student act of Truancy.
Truancy in Tagbina National High School is
very common for Senior and Junior High
School. It can be observed in the campus.
Males and sometimes female students usually
are the truants, Sometimes they are in group.
Teachers are getting concern regarding to this
problem and grading truants is becoming a
nuisance and difficult for them to manage. As
usual Teachers are the one who reeducate
them for the competencies that they have
missed at the near end of the school year.
Most of these truants end up failing and end
up having to go school at the same Grade level
as they have last year. One of the concerns
about Truancy in TNHS is the possible
accident that may happen to the truants.
Usually when there are things that happened
to the truants such as accidents, the school will
be blamed for the responsibility for not taking
care of the students.
Education is the process of learning to live as
useful and acceptable member of the
community and a good citizen (Ferranti,
1993). The school is an institution a place of
learning morality and inculcates disciplines to
the students. Truant is identified according to
the number of illegal absences which is 3 days
according to the Department of Education
(DepED). Until now truancy is the serious
problem in every school. There is a different
cause of truancy including broken family,
mental health issues, lack of ambition, having
no friends or social involvement at school.
And low self-esteem.
According to United States Department of
Education 1996 Manual to Combat Truancy,
skipping of class is a cry for help and a signal
that the child is in trouble. A truant is a child
that does not go to school thereby diverting to
somewhere else wondering around (Sayeter
1997). Truancy is a problem because the
absent students cannot benefit from the
various programs that the school offers. Effect
of truancy includes lower academic
achievement. (Bake and Jansen, 2000)
1.2 Review of Related Literature
Truancy can be defined as any unexcused or
undocumented absence from school taking
into account the attendance rules of the
specific country ( Claes et al. 2009 ) ranging
from repeated late arrivals to absence from
whole or several days. This activity gives the
range of difference concepts that are used to
describe student’s absences from school, such
as unauthorized absence, unexcused absence
or even a dropout which differ by the form of
absences.
Due to its complexity, truancy can be
understood as a behavior that is originating
from different societal levels, including
individual, family and school. suffered from
the following condition: mental health
problems, high risks life situation, exposure to
bullying, and learning disabilities (Egger,
Costello, & Angold, 2003) With regards to
family contions, this study shows that this
activity is more common among students with
low income families (Attwood & Croll, 2006;
Halloway, 1983) and a single parent
household ( Strand & Granlund, 2014;
Sundell. El-Khouri, and Mansoon, 2005) and
among with students living with
disadvantaged neighborhoods (Crowder and
Sound, 2003; Farrington, 1980). Furthermore,
the schools social environment appears to be
important including harassments and
degrading treatments by peers or by school
staff are risk factors for truancy (Attwood and
Croll, 2006; Havik, Bru and Ertesvag, 2014;
Sweding National Agency for Education,
2010; Sou 2016:94,). Therefore, improving
schools environment, e.g. norms and values,
staff’s working conditions, and be may the
school is being led, seem to be important that
helps reduce truancy students. ( Joacim
Ramberg, sara Brolim Laffan, ect., 2019)
1.3 Statement of the problem
This study aims to cognize the
different reasons for Junior High School
students in Tagbina National High School
regarding truancy in S.Y. 2019-2020
Specially, this seeks to answer the following
question:
a) What are the possible reasons that
students skip classes?
b) What are the different factors that
can lead students to become truant?
c) What are the different ways to
lessen the doings of truant students?
1.4 Significance of the study
This study would like to build up a
comprehension about saw effect of truancy
of understudies in their academic execution;
the investigation could be significance to the
accompanying.
a) This study will let the learners
deeply understand that truancy is a
major issue that will greatly affect
their academic performance.
b) This study will guide the teachers as
to why some understudies skip
classes.
c) Also, this study will provide
clarification to parents the reasons
why their children truant.
1.5 Scope and delimitation of the study
There are inherent limitations to this
study that may influence the results of the
research, as the purpose of qualitative
research is not necessarily to generalize to a
larger population (Bogdan & Biklen, 2003).
This study does not to generalize results to
other locations and the entirely of the
school, this only describes and understand
the effect of truancy in the performances of
the student and determines their reason for
being a truant.
The participants in this study are the
students of Junior High in Tagbina National
High School. we only get 10 students be
respondents randomly every section. There
is possibility that other (person) respondents
can narrate more experiences which is not
discussed by the research participants.
1.6 Theoretical/ Conceptual Framework academic year 2019-2020 in relation with
the effect of the performance of students.
As what Malcom X said “education
is our passport to the future, for tomorrow The subjects for this study are Junior High
belongs to the people who prepare for it students from Tagbina National High school
today”, One of the obligation of the parents during academic year 2019-2020.
to their children is to bring them to school,
giving a knowledge to the world around us Figure 1. Total Number of respondents
and changes into something better. Year Level Respondents Population
7 Male 10
Some of the parents are unable to
Female 10
finish their study due to financial problems. 8 Male 10
Because of this it leads to early marriage, Female 10
where they experienced hardships. And also 9 Male 10
they experienced difficulties in raising their Female 10
children. So they don’t want their children to 10 Male 10
be like them or to experience those Female 10
TOTAL 80
difficulties. That’s why, even though it’s
hard for them to send their children to
 Understand the
school because of poverty. But still, they do root cause
it all so that they can educate their children.  Take note of Potential way
the different
root cause
to decrease
Understanding how the Truants feel  Make a logical the percentage
on their action, listening to their purpose, assumption Potentialofway to decrease the
Truancy
and recognizing their reasons. Can help the  Plan for
solution
percentage of Truancy
school to be aware and possibly take action
over it. And hopefully change the mind of
the Truants to the right direction. Reducing
the number of truants may help the school to
succeed on their objectives as Educators.
And have organized and disciplined
students. These may likely increase the
number the of graduate students and
decrease the percentage of out of school
students or Drop outs.

Conceptual Framework

This study will use a descriptive type of

method. It will be based on the result on
surveys that gives facts and not just merely
rely on perspective of individuals. The
researcher will use a questionnaire to
address the truancy activity of the students.
Through observations and interviews, the
study will be supplemented with
corresponding data. The study aims to stop
this kind of activity to help students become
discipline of the Junior High School at
Tagbina National High School during