Professional Documents
Culture Documents
For information on other technologies, please see Jeff Funk’s slide share account
(http://www.slideshare.net/Funk98/presentations) or his book with Chris Magee:
Exponential Change: What drives it? What does it tell us about the future?
http://www.amazon.com/Exponential-Change-drives-about-future-
ebook/dp/B00HPSAYEM/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1398325920&sr=8-
1&keywords=exponential+change
Outline
• Introduction
What is a “Smart Home” and why do we want them?
• Smart Devices
What features do they offer?
What are the underlying technologies?
Improvements in performance and cost
Diffusion of Smart Devices and their features
• The Future
“Do It Yourself” and Open Source
Healthcare
Energy efficiency
• Conclusions
2
What is a “Smart Home”?
Drivers of improvement
• New materials and processes
Glass panel vs. plastic sheet
Plastic sheets have less than half the price of electrochromic glass
• New processes
Electrochromic layer (e.g. tungsten oxide) between conducting oxide
Layer of conductive liquid-crystal polymer between layers of PET plastic
• MEMS and sensor technology, telecommunication
Smart Lighting
What is “Smart Lighting”?
• Amount of light emitted to be controlled
• Automatically regulates the amount of light emitted
Sensors for natural daylight, movements and presence
Programmed based on daily routine
Light up specific parts of a room individually
• Remotely controlled (e.g. with your smartphone)
• Uses up to 80% less energy than a traditional light bulb
• Can change color (through LEDs with different colors)
Drivers of improvements
• New materials for LEDs
• MEMS and sensor technology, telecommunication
Smart Thermostat
What is a “Smart Thermostat”?
• Automatic regulation of your AC system
• Self-programmable, i.e. “learns” form its surrounding
Using sensors for temperature, humidity, far/near-field activity
Auto schedule and tweak temperatures to fit your daily routine
• Remotely controlled (e.g. with your smartphone)
• Lower energy consumption by up to 20 %
Drivers of improvements
• MEMS and sensor technology
• Telecommunication
• ICs and Artificial intelligence
Smart Refrigerators
What is a “Smart Refrigerator”?
• Allows for more efficient food management
• Monitoring inventory and expiry dates
RFID to keep track of food
Scan grocery receipts or item barcodes
Image and voice recognition
LCD panel for information display and interaction
• Remotely monitored and controlled (e.g. with your smartphone)
• Recipe suggestion and communications to other cooking devices (LG)
Drivers of improvements
• MEMS and sensor technology, telecommunication
• ICs, RFID technology and human-computer interfaces (HCI)
Smart Bed
What is a “Smart Bed”?
• Can measure average breathing and heart rate and
movements
Create and present (e.g. in your smartphone) a sleeping profile
• Adjust firmness and elevation of any part of the bed
Change the shape of the bed to prevent snoring
Can be programmed with several profiles
• Remotely controlled
Using remote control, smartphone, voice commands
• Perform massage
• Advice on optimum firmness levels and how to improve
sleeping patterns
Drivers of improvements
• MEMS and sensor technology, telecommunication
• ICs, Artificial intelligence and HCI
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2535859/Solving-insomnia-21st-century-5-000-smart-bed-monitors-movement-breathing-heart-rate-perfect-nights-sleep.html#ixzz2yUrfTtDe
Smart TV
What is a “Smart TV”?
• More advanced computing ability and connectivity
• Allows your TV to act as a computer
Browse websites
Use internet-based services (VOD, VOIP, social networking etc.)
Interact with other multimedia devices
• Remotely controlled (e.g. with your smartphone)
• Can support voice, motion and face recognition
Drivers of improvements
• MEMS and sensor technology, telecommunication
• ICs, HCI and operating systems
Smart Lock
What is a “Smart Lock”?
• Remotely controlled and monitored (e.g. with your smartphone)
• Can be programmed to allow access to outsiders during a certain times
• Connected to and control other Smart Devices (e.g. Smart Lights)
• Sense if someone is knocking on the door and alerts residents
• Take and send photos of what is in front of the door
• Monitor lock/unlock activity
• LED indication of lock status
Drivers of improvements
• MEMS and sensor technology
• Telecommunication
Smart Household Appliances
What are “Smart Household Appliances”?
• “Smart Cookware” includes appliances such as…
Ovens
Coffee/tea makers
Vacuum cleaners
Washing machines
• Can be programmed to start automatically
• Remotely controlled and monitored (e.g. with your smartphone)
• Alert the user when the program is finished
Food/drink is ready
Cleaning/washing program is finished
Drivers of improvements
• MEMS and sensor technology, telecommunication
Improvements in cost across all
Smart Devices
• Scaling
Increased demand
• Two estimates that both represents a CAGR of about 17 %
– $17 billion (2013) to $52 billion (2020)
– $33 billion (2013) to $71 billion (2018)
• Leads to larger production volume
Lower production costs
• Improvements in enabling technologies such as…
ICs, MEMS and sensor technologies
Telecommunication
Artificial intelligence and HCI
…which all experience very rapid rates of improvements
Improvements in cost of
Smart Devices
Smart Device 2014 2018 2022 Comment
Smart Window 2900 2552 2230 ~ 20 % reduction in 4 years
Smart Lighting (10 units) 400 200 100 ~ 50 % reduction in 4 years
Smart Thermostat 250 122 60 ~ 50 % reduction in 4 years
Smart Refrigerator 3500 2730 2130 ~ 20 % reduction in 4 years
Smart Bed 8000 4000 2000 ~ 50 % reduction in 4 years
Smart TV 550 275 138 ~ 50 % reduction in 4 years
Smart Lock 200 100 50 ~ 50 % reduction in 4 years
Smart Oven 1300 1040 832 ~ 20 % reduction in 4 years
Smart Coffee/Tea Maker 160 128 103 ~ 20 % reduction in 4 years
Smart Vacuum Cleaner 1100 610 353 ~ 50 % reduction in 4 years
Smart Washing Machines 1800 900 450 ~ 50 % reduction in 4 years
Total 20160 12657 8446 ~ 35 % reduction in 4 years
How does a “Smart” Device add
value to your home/life?
• Simplicity
Is it easy and intuitive to use?
• Convenience
Does it significantly enhance your everyday life?
• Efficiency and reliability
Can you trust it enough to fully take care of certain tasks?
• Customizability
Can it be customized to your specific needs?
• Sustainability
Does it provide long-term value or will it quickly become obsolete?
Why some products will diffuse
faster than others?
• The added value can come from…
Hardware, e.g. processors, sensors, displays
Software, e.g. artificial intelligence
Or a combination of hardware and software
• If the Smart Device…
Requires little effort to attain the benefits from the “Smart” features
• Need of human interaction
www.youtube.com/watch?v=mmLY7sOssg0
DIY and Open Source:
Arduino
• Single-board computer (preassembled or disaggregated)
Can be connected with a wide variety of sensors, motor and
other actuators to sense and control the environment
Control lights, screens and basically anything that you plug into
a wall socket
Hundreds of clone and innovation freely available to download
DIY and Open Source:
Sensors
• There is a wide array of sensors available for
these Open Source systems
Temperature Displays Ethanol sensors
Gyroscopes Static color Photosensitive
Hall sensors identification sensors
sensors Ultrasound sensors
Termistors
Heart rate sensors, Soil moisture
Tilt sensors
Buzzers, sensors
Touch sensors
Vibrating sensors Leds modules
Joysticks
Gas sensors
revolv
Standardization and the
“Internet of Things”
References – General
• http://www.osgi.org/Markets/SmartHome
• http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/Jini
• http://www.marketsandmarkets.com/MarketReports/smarthomesandassistedlivingadvanc edtechnologieand-
globalmarket121.html
• http://venturebeat.com/2014/02/11/studythesmarthomeindustrywilldoubleinsizeby2018 reaching71b/
• http://www.foxbusiness.com/technology/2014/01/21/whysmarthomesmightactuallybehere tostay/
• http://www.bloomberg.com/news/20140115/googlenestpurchaseseenimprovingsmartho megizmo-
connections.html
• http://www.buffalonews.com/business/technology/technologyforsmarthomesisslowlygaini ngground20140127
• http://freshome.com/2013/03/25/5smarthometechnologiesthatwillsaveyoumoney/
• http://www.futuretimeline.net/21stcentury/2020.htm 10.http://www.indiegogo.com/projects/canarythefirst-
smarthomesecuritydeviceforeveryone
• http://www.gsma.com/connectedliving/wpcontent/uploads/2012/03/vision20of20smart20home20report.pdf
http://www.bluetooth.com/Pages/SmartHomeMarket.aspx
• http://www.angieslist.com/articles/howsmartyourhomelearnhowhomeautomationbeco mingmore-
accessible.htm
• https://www.ieso.ca/smarthomeroadmap/