Business

Mathematics
Foundation Course

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 PART- A: BUSINESS MATHEMATICS
CHPTER - 1: RATIO, PROPORTION, INDICES, LOGARITHMS

1.1 RATIO

 a :b=antecedent :consequent
 a :b is the inverse ratio of b :a .
 Compound Ratio  a :b∧c :d  ac : bd
 Duplicate Ratio  a :b  a 2 :b2
 Triplicate Ratio  a :b  a 3 :b 3
 Sub-duplicate  a :b  √a :√b
Ratio
 Sub-triplicate Ratio  a :b  √3 a : √3 b
 Continued Ratio is the relation between the magnitudes of three or more quantities of
same kind.
1.2 PROPORTION

 An equality of two ratio is called Proportion.

 a :b ∷ c : d ⟹ first :Second :: third : fourth
 First & fourth terms are called extremes whereas second & third terms are means
(Middle)
 a :b ∷ c : d ⟹ ad : bc ⟹ Product of extremes : Product of means
 Mean Proportion b=√ ac
x y z
 Continued Proportion : = = =…
y z w
1.3 INDICES

1.4 LOGARITHM

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