At the core of your innovation

www.crodaoilandgas.com
Oil & Gas

Non-emulsifiers
Solutions to acidizing challenges
Croda Direct
Don’t forget to register with
Croda Direct to access
online brochures, datasheets,
and much more.
www.crodaoilandgas.com
Croda’s range of non-emulsifiers
Acidizing is a type of stimulation treatment. Acid is pumped into the well to dissolve limestone, dolomite and calcite to
restore or improve permeability of the reservoir rocks. During this process, stable acid/oil emulsions can form and block
the flow of crude oil through the rock formation. KemelixTM non-emulsifiers can be added to the acid fluid to prevent the
formation of emulsions and destabilize those that already exist. Kemelix can be used in both matrix and fracture acidizing.

First Choice Products
Non-emulsifier properties
Registrations (L= low, M = medium, H = high)
Solubility Amount
Pour Viscosity in 15% of acid out

Canada
Point at 25˚C BTEX hydrochloric (measured Speed of Acid

USA
EU
Product Code Activity RSN (˚C) (cP) free acid over 1 hour) splitting clarity
Modified polyol
Kemelix 3504X 100 15 -6 1700 3 3 3 3 Dispersible H L L
Kemelix 3702X 100 17 -9 1300 3 3 3 Soluble L M M
Kemelix 3754X 100 11 -9 800 3 3 3 3 Soluble L H H
Kemelix D501 100 20 0 800 3 3 3 3 Soluble L H H
Kemelix D503 100 20 9 1100 3 3 3 3 Soluble H H L
Kemelix D506 100 10 -9 900 3 3 3 3 Soluble H H M
Kemelix D511 100 17 3 1100 3 3 3 3 Soluble H H L
Synperonic PE/L64 100 21 12 700 3 3 3 3 Dispersible L M M
Synperonic PE/L121 100 11 -9 900 3 3 3 3 Soluble H H M
Polyimine derivative
Kemelix 3216X 88 9 -33 1400 3 3 3 Soluble M H H
Kemelix 3422X 100 7 -27 3900 3 3 3 Soluble L M H
Kemelix D510 100 12 -3 1600 3 3 3 3 Soluble M M M
Kemelix D513 100 7 -30 2800 3 3 3 3 Soluble L M H
Resin alkoxylate
Kemelix 3535X 75 18 -30 600 3 3 Dispersible L M M
Kemelix 3741X 80 19 -12 >5000 3 Dispersible M M L
Kemelix 3750X 80 23 -30 100 3 3 3 Dispersible L M M
Kemelix D302 80 20 -15 700 3 Soluble M M L
Kemelix D310 88 17 -33 800 3 3 3 Soluble L M M
Kemelix D311 80 17 -39 400 3 3 3 Dispersible L H M

Test method
Croda’s portfolio of high quality non-emulsifiers have
been developed using Croda’s in-house technical expertise.
The testing method used was based on American Petroleum
Institute standard protocol (API-RP42) and detailed further
below.
n 15% unspent hydrochloric acid was treated with the
non-emulsifier at 200 ppm
n Added anti-sludging agent, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid

(DDBSA), to the acidizing fluid

n Crude oil mixture and treated acid were added and mixed at

a high shear for 30 seconds Figure 1: Left image shows blank crude oil and acid, right image
n Placed in the Turbiscan and readings were taken over 1 hour shows crude oil and acid mixture treated with Kemelix non-emulsifier
 Demulsification performance testing was carried out using the same principles as a bottle test (an industry standard demulsifier
test) on a range of crude oils with different parameters. Evaluating the transmission level by Turbiscan through the crude oil
sample over time can determine several parameters. These are:
n Speed of demulsification

n Amount of acid released in comparison to the amount of acid added

n Clarity of the produced acid

Time (D:HH:MM:SS)
60%

40%

Air/sample
Transmission

interface
20%

0%

Bottom
of vial
-20%
0mm 10mm 20mm 30mm 40mm 50mm 60mm
Height of vial

Produced acid Oil and oil/acid emulsion

(transmission >0%) (<0% transmission)

Figure 2: Turbiscan image showing demulsibility performance of a Kemelix non-emulsifier

Case study
Similar to demulsifiers, it is well known in the oil industry that the effectiveness of Properties of the oil tested:
non-emulsifiers is very oil specific. A customer based in Colombia approached Croda for API (at 25˚C): 10˚
technical expertise to analyse the performance of the non-emulsifier range on a sample of Water content: 1.3 %
crude oil. Viscosity (at 60˚C): 9540 cP
Asphaltene content: 11.9 %
Considering the amount of acid out over one hour, higher clarity of acid and the quickest Pour point: 15˚C
start times the following products were recommended for trial.

Non-emulsifier properties (L= low, M = medium, H = high)

Product Amount of acid out Acid clarity Speed of splitting
Kemelix 3216X M H H
Kemelix 3754X L H H
Kemelix D501 L H H
Kemelix D503 H L H
Kemelix D506 H M H
Kemelix D511 H L H
Synperonic PE/L121 H M H
Further information
Croda sales and distribution are coordinated through an extensive worldwide
network of associates and agents. If you would like product samples, formulation
advice, or technical assistance, please contact your nearest Croda regional office.

Europe, Middle East, Africa North America Latin America Asia Pacific
Croda Europe Ltd Croda Inc, USA Croda do Brazil Ltda Croda Singapore
Tel +44 (0)1405 860551 Tel +1 732 417 0800 Tel +55 (0)19 3765-3500 Tel +65 65519600
Fax +44 (0)1405 861767 Fax +1 732 417 0804 Fax +55 (0)19 3765-3536 Fax +65 65519550
email: oilandgas@croda.com email: marketing-usa@croda.com email: marketinglatam@croda.com email: is-asia@croda.com

www.crodaoilandgas.com
Non-warranty
The information in this publication is believed to be accurate and is given in good faith, but no representation or warranty as to its completeness or
accuracy is made. Suggestions for uses or applications are only opinions. Users are responsible for determining the suitability of these products for
their own particular purpose. No representation or warranty, expressed or implied, is made with respect to information or products including, without
limitation, warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement of any third party patent or other intellectual property
rights including, without limit, copyright, trademark and designs. Any trademarks identified herein are trademarks of the Croda group of companies.
©2014 Croda Europe Ltd 07/14 GTMB005v1