Basic Programming of CNC Milling Machine

FANUC INDIA FA & ROBOT
BASIC PROGRAMMING OF
CNC MILLING MACHINE
1
Course contents Page No.

General coordinate System 04
Designation of machine axes 05
Machine coordinate system 06
Work coordinate system 07
Work datum setting procedure 09
Work coordinate system – Selection 11
Structure of program 13
Course contents
2
Course contents Page No.

Basic G codes 17
Basic M codes 26
Tool length compensation 27
Cutter radius compensation 29
Programming Examples 35
Canned cycles – Drilling 47
Pattern of holes 74
Custom macro programming 87
General Co-ordinate system
General coordinate system 4

Designation of machine axis
Designation of machine axis

5
Machine coordinate system
• The point that is specific to

machine and serves as the
reference of the machine
is referred to as the
machine zero point
• Machine tool builder sets a

machine zero point for
each machine
Machine coordinate system

6
Work coordinate system
A coordinate system used for

machining a workpiece is
referred to as a workpiece
coordinate system
A workpiece co-ordinate system

is also called as work reference
zero or work datum
The work datum will be set by

the user before the machining
process begins
Work coordinate system

7
Work coordinate system
A coordinate system used

for machining a workpiece is
referred to as a workpiece
coordinate system
A workpiece co-ordinate
system is also called as
work reference zero or work
datum
The work datum will be set

by the user before the
machining process begins
Work coordinate system

8
Work datum setting procedure
Move the work table and spindle head

to the reference position
Attach a dial gauge or fix the reference MCS

tool in the spindle
Bring the tool towards the work piece

in rapid mode or manually and make WCS
the tool to touch on the surface of the
workpiece and note the Z axis reading.
Then add the tool length with the same

sign to get the Z co ordinate value and
note down this value

Work datum setting procedure cont.,
Then move the tool to any one edge

and make the tool to touch the edge
and note down the readings of X and
Y axes.ADD /subtract the radius of
the tool from the readings
The readings will be the distance

between the machine zero and work
zero point
Record noted X, Y, Z values in any

one of the work coordinate G codes
(G54 to G59)

Work piece coordinate system - selection
G54 Workpiece coordinate system 1

Work piece coordinate system selection 11

Work piece coordinate system Selection
Work piece coordinate system selection 12

Structure of Program
Structure of Program 13
Block
Basic G codes
- Preparatory function
- Tool movement related functions
Basic G codes 17
G94 - Feed per Minute
Basic G codes 18
G95 - Feed per revolution
Basic G codes 19
Co ordinate value & Dimensioning
- Absolute G90 & Incremental G91 Programming

- Inch & Metric Programming – G20 & G21
- Decimal Point Programming – PRM 3401#0=1
Basic G codes 20
Absolute and incremental programming
Basic G codes 21
Tool movement in a straight line
Basic G codes 22
Tool movement in a circular path
Basic G codes 23
Direction of circular interpolation
Basic G codes 24
ijk values
Basic G codes 25
Basic M codes
- Miscellaneous function
- Machine operations related
functions
• M01 – Optional stop
• M02 – Program stop
• M03 – Spindle on, CW
• M04 – Spindle on, CCW
• M05 – Spindle stop
• M06 – Turret indexing
• M07 – Coolant on
• M08 – Coolant on
• M09 – Coolant off
• M30 – Program stop and rewind
Basic M codes 26
Tool length compensation
The procedure of mentioning the difference of length of tool assumed during

programming and actual tool used for machining is called tool length compensation
1) If the actual tool length is more than the assumed tool, the difference
should be mentioned as follows
G43 H01
H01 – here 01 specifies the address where the difference
of tool will be mentioned
2) If the actual tool length is less than the assumed tool, the difference
should be
mentioned as follows
G44 H01
H01 – here 01 specifies the address where the difference
of tool will be mentioned

Tool length compensation
• G43 - Tool length offset plus

• G44 - Tool length offset minus
• G49 - Tool length compensation cancel

Cutter radius compensation
-When the Endmill cutter of some specified

diameter is commanded to position at a location,
actually the centre point of the cutter only
coincide with the addressed point of the work
piece.
- So, t is necessary to shift the cutter for a radius

amount towards left or right from the position.
The procedure of shifting the tool of radius
amount is called as Cutter Radius
Compensation
G41 - Cutter radius compensation left

G42 - Cutter radius compensation right
G40 - Cutter radius compensation
cancel

The type of compensation is selected from

the starting point as follows
Type of Direction of Type of
operation movement compensation
External Clockwise G41
External Counter G42
clockwise
Internal Clockwise G42
Internal Counter G41
clockwise


G41 - Cutter radius compensation left
G41 D07;
Here, D specifies the address of
offset at which the radius of tool
will be mentioned

G42 - Cutter radius compensation right
G41 D07;
Here, D specifies the

address of offset at which
the radius of tool will be
mentioned

Operations performed in machining centre
Side cutting
Hole machining
Face cutting
Operations in machining centre 34

Programming Examples
SQ 150
2 3
1 4
G54
SQ 200
thickness
20mm
Programming example
Making 150 mm* 150 mm square

for a depth of 5mm in a given Billet
Assumptions
Work offset = G54
Tool length compensation = H01
Point X co ordinate Y co ordinate

value value
1 25 25
2 25 175
3 175 175
4 175 25
O1001 ; Program Number

N1 G21 G94 ; Metric input, Feed in mm/min.
N2 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 ; The tool is moved to home position
N3 T01 M06 ; (Dia. 15 mm End drill)
N4 G90 G54 G00 X25.0 Y25.0 ; Work offset call
N5 G43 H01 Z100.0 ; Tool length compensation call
N6 M03 S1000 Z20 ; Positioning above the starting point and
spindle starts rotating at 1000 rpm
N7 G01 Z-5.0 F400 ; The tool is moved inside work of -5.0 mm
N8 Y175.0 ; The tool is moved to second corner
N9 X175.0 ; The tool is moved to third corner
N10 Y25.0 ; The tool is moved to fourth corner
N11 X25.0 ; The tool is moved back to first corner
N12 G00 Z100.0 M05 ; The tool is taken out of the work and
spindle stop
N13 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0 ; The tool is moved back to home position
N14 M30 ; Program stop snd rewind
PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE WITHOUT SUB PROGRAM

3 4
Blank size: 150mm*150mm*20mm
Point X Y 5
1 0 25 2
2 0 50
1 6
3 45 150
4 105 150 G55
8 7
5 150 50
6 150 25
7 125 0
8 25 0

N4 G90 G55 G00 X-25.0 Y-25.0 ; Work offset call
N7 G01 Z-20.0 F400 ; The tool is moved inside work of -20.0 mm
N8 G41 G01 X0.0 Y0.0 D01 ; Cutter radius compensation call
N9 G01 X0.0 Y50.0 ; The tool is moved to point 2
N14 G01 X125.0 Y0.0 ; The tool is moved point 7

N17 G40 G00 X-25.0 Y-25.0 ; The tool is moved back to starting position
spindle stop

N20 M30 ; Program stop and rewind
PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE WITH SUB PROGRAM

3 4
Point X Y 5
1 0 25 2
2 0 50
1 6
3 45 150
4 105 150 G55
8 7
5 150 50
6 150 25
7 125 0
8 25 0

N7 G01 Z0.0 F400 ; The tool is moved To Z0.0
N8 M98 P1500 L10 ; Sub program No.1500 call, L indicates
No. of times
spindle stop
O 1500 ; Sub program No

N200 G91 Z-2.0 F400 ; The tool is moved incrementally -2 mm
N210 G90 G41 G01 X0.0 Y0.0 Cutter Radius comp. (left),
F400 D01 ; The tool is moved towards work piece
N260 G01 X150.0 Y25.0 ; The tool is moved point 6
N310 M99 ; Sub program end
PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE WITH SUB PROGRAM

2 3 4 5
R25
Point X Y
1 0 0
2 0 200
3 75 200 R25
4 125 200 1 8 7 6
G57
5 200 200
6 200 0
7 125 0
8 75 0

N7 G01 Z0.0 F400 ; The tool is moved To Z0.0
N8 M98 P1501 L10 ; Sub program No.1500 call, L indicates
No. of times
spindle stop
O 1501 ; Sub program No

N200 G91 Z-2.0 F400 ; The tool is moved incrementally -2 mm
N210 G90 G41 G01 X0.0 Y0.0 Cutter Radius comp. (left),
F400 D01 ; The tool is moved towards work piece
N220 G01 X0 Y200.0 ; The tool is moved to point 2
N240 G03 X125.0 Y200.0 R25.0 ; The tool is moved to point 4 with CIP-CCW
N260 G01 X200.0 Y0 ; The tool is moved point 6
N270 G01 X125.0 Y0 ; The tool is moved to point 7
N280 G03 X75.0 Y0 R25.0 ; The tool is moved to point 8 with CIP CCW
N290 G01 X0 Y0 ; The tool is moved to point 1
N310 M99 ; Sub program end
Canned cycles - Drilling
Canned cycles - Drilling 47

G81 SPOT DRILLING CYCLE

STEP Description of the cycle
FORMAT AND EXPLANATION
1 Rapid motion to hole position
G81 X…. Y…. R…. Z…. F….
2 Rapid motion to safety X = Hole position in X axis
level/reference level Y = Hole position in Y axis
3 Feed rate motion to Z depth R = Reference position (Z axis st. point)
Z = Final depth (abs.)
F = Federate specification
4 Rapid retract to
initial/reference level

Programming Example
BLANK SIZE
100*100*20
DIA. 8, FIVE HOLES
HOLE1 (20,20)
HOLE2 (20,80)
HOLE3 (80,80)
HOLE4 (80,20)
HOLE5 (50,50)

PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE
O1005
N1 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N2 T01 M06
N3 G21
N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X20 Y20
N5 G43 H01 Z100
N6 M03 S1000 Z20
N7 G99 G81 Z-4. R5 F300
N8 X80
N9 Y80
N10 X20N11 X50 Y50
N12 G80 G00 Z100
N13 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N14 M05
N15 M30

G82 COUNTER BORING CYCLE
STEP Description of the cycle Format and explanation
1 Rapid motion to hole position G82 X…. Y…. R…. Z…. P….F….
2 Rapid motion to safety level/reference level X = Hole position in X axis
Y = Hole position in Y axis
3 Feed rate motion to Z depth R = Reference position (Z axis st. point)
4 Dwell at the depth in millisecond P = Dwell time in milliseconds
5 Rapid retract to initial/reference level

PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE
BLANK SIZE
100*100*20
DIA. 8, FIVE HOLES
HOLE1 (20,20)
HOLE2 (20,80)
HOLE3 (80,80)
HOLE4 (80,20)
HOLE5 (50,50)

O1006
N1 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N2 T02 M06
N3 G21
N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X20 Y20
N5 G43 H01 Z100
N6 M03 S1000 Z20
N7 G99 G82 Z-15. R5 P2000 F300
N8 X80
N9 Y80
N10 X20
N11 X50 Y50
N12 G80 G00 Z100 M05
N13 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N14 M30
DEEP HOLE DRILLING HIGH SPEED DEEP HOLE CYCLE
STEP Description of the cycle STEP Description of the cycle

1 Rapid motion to hole position 1 Rapid motion to hole position
2 Rapid motion to safety 2 Rapid motion to safety
level/reference level level/reference level
3 Feed rate motion to Z depth by 3 Feed rate motion to Z depth by the
the amount of specified depth amount of specified depth
4 Rapid retract to safety level/R 4 Rapid retract by a clearance value

level (clearance value is set by a system
parameter)
5 Rapid motion to the previous 5 Feed rate motion in Z axis by the

depth less a clearance distance specified plus clearance
(clearance is set by a system
parameter)
6 Steps 3,4, and 5 repeat until the 6 Steps 4 and 5 repeat until the
programmed Z depth is reached programmed Z depth is reached
7 Rapid retract to safety/R level 7 Rapid retract to safety/R level


G73 X…. Y…. R…. Z…. Q….F…. G83 X…. Y…. R…. Z…. Q….F….
X = Hole position in X axis X = Hole position in X axis
Y = Hole position in Y axis Y = Hole position in Y axis
R = Reference position (Z axis st. point) R = Reference position (Z axis st. point)
Z = Final depth (abs.) Z = Final depth (abs.)
Q = Pecking depth (Micron) Q = Pecking depth (Micron)
F = Federate specification F = Federate specification

WHEN TO USE DEEP HOLE DRILLING CYCLE (G83)

For deep hole drilling, also known as peck drilling, where the drill has
to be retracted above the part (to a clearance position) after drilling to a certain
depth.
WHEN TO USE HIGH SPEED DEEP HOLE DRILLING CYCLE(G73)
For deep hole drilling, also known as peck drilling, where the chip
breaking is ore important than the full retract of the drill from the holes. This type
often used for a long series drills, when a full retract is not very important.
Programming Example
BLANK SIZE
100*100*20
DIA. 8, FIVE HOLES
HOLE1 (20,20)
HOLE2 (20,80)
HOLE3 (80,80)
HOLE4 (80,20)
HOLE5 (50,50)

O1007
N1 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N2 T03 M06
N3 G21
N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X20 Y20
N5 G43 H01 Z100
N6 M03 S1000 Z20
N7 G99 G83 Z-30. R5 Q8000 F300 or G73 Z-30 R5 Q8000 F300
N8 X80
N9 Y80
N10 X20
N11 X50 Y50
N12 G80 G00 Z100 M05
N14 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N15 M30

TAPPING CYCLE - STANDARD TAPPING CYCLE - REVERSE
STEP Description of the Cycle STEP Description of the cycle
1 Rapid motion to hole position 1 Rapid motion to hole position
2 Rapid motion to safety 2 Rapid motion to safety

level/reference level level/reference level
3 Feed rate motion to Z depth 3 Feed rate motion to Z depth
4 Spindle rotation stop 4 Spindle rotation stop
5 Spindle reverse rotation (M04) 5 Spindle reverse rotation (M04)

and feed rate back to safety/R and feed rate back to safety/R
level level
6 Spindle rotation stop 6 Spindle rotation stop
7 Spindle rotation normal 7 Spindle rotation normal


G84 X…. Y…. R…. Z….R… F…. G74 X…. Y…. R…. Z…R….. F….
X = Hole position in X axis X = Hole position in X axis
Y = Hole position in Y axis Y = Hole position in Y axis
R = Reference position (Z axis st. point) R = Reference position (Z axis st. point)
Z = Final depth (abs.) Z = Final depth (abs.)
F = Federate specification F = Federate specification

The important notes for the tapping operation

• Safety/reference level should be higher in the tapping cycle than in the other cycles to
follow for the stabilization of the feed rate, due to acceleration
• Feed rate section for the tap is very important. In tapping, there is a direct relationship
between the spindle speed and the lead of the tap. This relationship must be maintained at
all the times.
• The override switches on the control panel used for spindle speed and feed rate, are
ineffective during these cycles.
• Tapping motion (in or out of the part) will be completed even if the feed hold key is
pressed during tapping cycle processing for safety reasons.
PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE
BLANK SIZE
100*100*20
DIA. 8, FIVE HOLES
HOLE1 (20,20)
HOLE2 (20,80)
HOLE3 (80,80)
HOLE4 (80,20)
HOLE5 (50,50)

O1008
N1 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N2 T03 M06
N3 G21
N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X20 Y20
N5 G43 H01 Z100
N6 M03 S1000 Z20
N7 G99 G84 Z-15. R5 F300 or G74 Z-30 R5 F300 (Feed = RPM * Pitch)
N8 X80
N9 Y80
N10 X20
N11 X50 Y50
N12 G80 G00 Z100 M05
N13 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N14 M30

G85 BORING CYCLE

1 Rapid motion to hole position G85 X…. Y…. R…. Z…. F….
2 Rapid motion to X = Hole position in X axis

safety level/reference level Y = Hole position in Y axis
R = Reference position (Z axis st. point)
3 Feed rate motion to Z depth Z = Final depth (abs.)
F = Feed rate specification
4 Feed rate motion back to safety/R
level

WHEN TO USE THIS CYCLE
This cycle is typically used for boring and reaming

operations. This cycle is used in cases where the tool motion into
and out of holes should improve the hole surface finish, its
dimensional tolerances and/or its concentricity, roundness, etc.
PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE
DIMNSION OF
BLANK
100*100*20
HOLE DIA. 10 mm
HOLE (50,50)

PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE
O1009
N1 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N2 T01 M06
N3 G21
N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X50 Y50
N5 G43 H01 Z100
N6 M03 S1000 Z20
N7 G99 G85 Z-20. R5 F300
N8 G80 G00Z100 M05
N9 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N10 M30

PRECISION BORING CYCLE (G76)

2 Rapid motion to
safety level/reference level
3 Feed rate motion to Z depth
4 Spindle rotation stop
5 Shifting in programmed direction
6 Rapid retract to reference level
ROUGH BORING CYCLE (G86)

2 Rapid motion to
safety level/reference level
4 Spindle rotation stop
5 Rapid retract to reference level

Format and Explanation

G86 X…. Y…. R…. Z…Q... F (rough)
G76 X…. Y…. R…. Z…I…J... F ….(fine)
X = Hole position in X axis
Q = amount of shift for boring
I, J = amount of shift
66
PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE
O1009
N1 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N2 T01 M06
DIMNSION OF
BLANK 100*100*20 N3 G21
HOLE (50,50) N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X50 Y50
N5 G43 H01 Z100
N6 M03 S1000 Z20
N7 G99 G86 Z-20. R5 F300
N8 G80 Z100
N9 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N10 M05
N11 M30

BORING CYCLE (G88)

1 Rapid motion to XY position
2 Rapid motion to safety level/reference level
4 Dwell at the depth in milliseconds
5 Spindle rotation stops (feed hold condition is generated and the CNC operator
switches to manual operation mode and perform a manual task, then switches back to
memory mode)
6 Rapid retract to safety/reference level
7 Spindle rotation on
G88 X…. Y…. R…. Z….P… F….
X = Hole position in X axis

P = Dwell time in milliseconds

This cycle is rare. Its use is limited to boring operations with special tools
that require manual interference at the bottom of a hole. This cycle may be used by
some tool manufacturers for certain operations.
PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE
DIMNSION OF
BLANK
100*100*20
HOLE (50,50)

O1010
N1 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N2 T01 M06
N3 G21
N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X50 Y50
N5 G43 H01 Z100
N6 M03 S1000 Z20
N7 G99 G88 Z-20. R5 P2000 F300
N8 G80 G00 Z100 M05
N9 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N10 M30

BORING (REAMING) CYCLE (G89)
STEP Description of the cycle G89 X…. Y…. R…. Z…. P…F….
1 Rapid motion to XY position X = Hole position in X axis
2 Rapid motion to safety level/reference Y = Hole position in Y axis
level R = Reference position (Z axis st.
point)
3 Feed rate motion to Z depth Z = Final depth (abs.)
P = dwell time in milliseconds
4 Dwell at the depth F = Federate specification
5 Feed rate motion back to safety/R level


For boring operations, when the feed rate is required for the in and out
directions of the machined hole, with a specified dwell at the bottom. The dwell is
the only value that distinguishes this cycle from the cycle85/G85.
PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE
DIMNSIONS OF BLANK
100*100*20
HOLE DIA. 10 mm
HOLE (50,50)

O1011
N1 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N2 T01 M06
N3 G21
N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X50 Y50
N5 G43 H01 Z100
N6 M03 S1000 Z20
N7 G99 G85 Z-20. R5 P2000 F300
N8 G80 G00 Z100 M05
N9 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N10 M30
Pattern of holes 73
PATTERN OF HOLES
RANDOM HOLE PATTERN
BLANK SIZE =
100*100*20
DIA. 8, FIVE HOLES
HOLE1 (28,16)
HOLE2 (60,32)
HOLE3 (88,40)
HOLE4 (104,48)
Pattern of holes 74
O1012
N1 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N2 T01 M06
N3 G21
N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X28 Y16
N5 G43 H01 Z100
N6 M03 S1000 Z20
N7 G99 G83 Z-30. R5 Q8000 F300
N8 X60 Y32
N9 X88 Y40
N10 X104 Y 48
N11 G80 G00 Z100 M05
N13 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N14 M30
Pattern of holes 75
STRAIGHT ROW HOLE PATTERN

First hole dimension
from ref. = (15,10)
distance between
holes = 20,
diameter of
O1013 holes = 10 mm
N1G21 G94
N2 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N3 T01 M06
N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X15 Y10
N5 G43 H01 Z100
N6 M03 S1000 Z20
N7 G99 G83 Z-30. R5 Q8000 F300
N8 G91 X20.0 K5
N9 G80 G00 Z100 M05
N10 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N11 M30
Pattern of holes 76
O1014
N1 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N2 T01 M06
N3 G21
N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X15 Y10
N5 G43 H01 Z100
N6 M03 S1000 Z20
N7 G99 G83 Z-30. R5 Q8000 F300
N8 G91 X20.0 K5
N9 G80 G00 Z100 M05
N10 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N11 M30
Pattern of holes 77
PATTERN OF HOLES IN AN INCLINED LINE
ANGLE OF THE INCLINED LINE WITH X AXIS = 15

DISTANCE BETWEEN HOLES = 40
FIRST HOLE DIMENSION IS (20,20)
DIAMETER OF HOLES = 10 mm
The following calculation is required in FANUC to find distance between

holes in X axis and in Y axis.
X = 40 * cos15 = 38.63703305
Y = 40 * sin15 = 10.3527618
Pattern of holes 78
O1015
N1 G21 G94
N2 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N3 T01 M06
N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X20 Y20
N5 G43 H01 Z100
N6 M03 S1000 Z20
N7 G99 G83 Z-30. R5 Q8000 F300
N8 G91 X38.6370 Y10.3527 K5
N9 G80 G00 Z100 M05
N10 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N11 M30
Pattern of holes 79
PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE
RECTANGULAR GRID PATTERN
DISTANCE OF FIRST HOLE

FROM REFERENCE = (20,30)
DISTANCE BETWEEN COLUMNS = 25
DISTANCE BETWEEN ROWS = 20
DIAMETER OF HOLES = 10 mm
O1016
N1 G21 G94
N2 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N3 T01 M06
N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X20 Y30
N5 G43 H01 Z100
N6 M03 S1000 Z20
Pattern of holes 80
N7 G99 G83 Z-30. R5 Q8000 F300

N8 G91 Y20 K6
N9 X25
N10 Y-20 K6
N11 X25
N12 Y20 K6
N13 X25
N14 Y-20 K6
N15 X25
N16 Y20 K6
N17 G80 G00 Z100 M05
N18 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N30 M30
Pattern of holes 81
CIRCLE OF HOLES PATTERN

Distance of reference point in X axis from the WCS = 75
Distance of reference point in Y axis from the WCS = 60
Starting angle of the first hole from X axis = 30 deg.
Indexing angle between holes = 60, Number of holes = 6
Radius of the circle = 50mm, Diameter of holes = 8mm
2
3
1
4 6
Pattern of holes 82
Hole # 1
X = 75 + 50 * cos30 = 118.30127
Y = 60 + 50 * sin30 = 85.0
Hole # 2
X = 75 + 50 * cos90 = 75.0
Y = 60 + 50 * sin90 = 110.0
Hole # 3
X = 75 + 50 * cos150 = 31.6987298
Y = 60 + 50 * sin150 = 85.0
Hole # 4
X = 75 + 50 * cos210 = 31.6987298
Y = 60 + 50* sin210 = 35.0
Hole # 5
X = 75 + 50 * cos270 = 75.0
Y = 60 + 50 * sin270 = 100.0
Hole # 6
X = 75 + 50 * cos330 = 118.30127
Y =holes
Pattern of 60 + 50* sin330 = 35.0 83
O1017
N1 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N2 T03 M06
N3 G21
N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X118.3012 Y85.0
N5 G43 H01 Z100
N6 M03 S1000 Z20
N7 G99 G83 Z-30. R5 Q8000 F300
N8 X75.0 Y110.0
N9 X31.6987 Y85.0
N10 X31.6987 Y35.0
N11 X75.0 Y10
N12 X118.301 Y35.0
N13 G80 G00 Z100 M05
N14 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N15 M30
Pattern of holes 84
CIRCLES OF HOLES USING POLAR SYSTEM
Distance of reference point in X axis from the WCS = 75

Distance of reference point in Y axis from the WCS = 60
Starting angle of the first hole from X axis = 30 deg.
Indexing angle between holes = 60, Number of holes = 6
Radius of the circle = 50mm, Diameter of holes = 8mm
2
3
1
4 6
Pattern of holes 85
O1018
N1 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N2 T03 M06
N3 G21
N4 G17 G90 G54 G00 X75.0 Y60.0
N5 G43 H01 Z100
N6 M03 S1000 Z20
N7 G16; POLAR SYSTEM ON
N8 G99 G83 X50 Y30 Z-30. R5 Q8000 F300
N9 X50 Y90
N10 X50 Y150
N11 X50 Y210
N12 X50 Y270
N13 X50 Y330
N14 G15 ; POLAR SYSTEM OFF
N15 G80 G00 Z100 M05
N16 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N17 M30
Pattern of holes 86
CUSTOM MACRO PROGRAMMING
Custom Macro programming 87

Custom Macro
• Part Program prepared using variables

• Arithmetic operations possible
• Conditional statements like GOTO , DO WHILE are used
• For developing user defined cycles
• Can be easily called from user program
Custom Macro programming

Macro call

Simple Macro Call




Model Macro Call- G66
• Once G66 is issued to specify a modal call a macro is

called after a block specifying movement along axes is
executed. This continues until G67 is issued to cancel a
modal call.

G66

Basic Programming of CNC Milling Machine

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Basic Programming of CNC Milling Machine

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FANUC INDIA FA & ROBOT

Course contents Page No.

Course contents Page No.

General Co-ordinate system

General coordinate system 4

Designation of machine axis

Designation of machine axis

Machine coordinate system

• The point that is specific to

• Machine tool builder sets a

Machine coordinate system

Work co- ordinate system

A coordinate system used for

A workpiece co-ordinate system

The work datum will be set by

Work coordinate system

Work co- ordinate system

A coordinate system used

The work datum will be set

Work coordinate system

Work datum setting procedure

Move the work table and spindle head

Attach a dial gauge or fix the reference MCS

Bring the tool towards the work piece

Then add the tool length with the same

Work datum setting procedure 9

Work datum setting procedure cont.,

Then move the tool to any one edge

The readings will be the distance

Record noted X, Y, Z values in any

Work datum setting procedure 10

Work piece coordinate system - selection

G54 Workpiece coordinate system 1

Work piece coordinate system selection 11

Work piece coordinate system Selection

Work piece coordinate system selection 12

G94 - Feed per Minute

G95 - Feed per revolution

Co ordinate value & Dimensioning

- Absolute G90 & Incremental G91 Programming

Absolute and incremental programming

Tool movement in a straight line

Tool movement in a circular path

Direction of circular interpolation

Tool length compensation

The procedure of mentioning the difference of length of tool assumed during

Tool length compensation 27

Tool length compensation

• G43 - Tool length offset plus

Tool length compensation 28

Cutter radius compensation

-When the Endmill cutter of some specified

- So, t is necessary to shift the cutter for a radius

G41 - Cutter radius compensation left

Cutter radius compensation 29

Cutter radius compensation

The type of compensation is selected from

Cutter radius compensation 30

Cutter radius compensation

Cutter radius compensation 31

G41 - Cutter radius compensation left

Cutter radius compensation 32

G42 - Cutter radius compensation right

Here, D specifies the

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