Activity 1: Question and Answer Directions: Answer the questions briefly.

Write your answers on the

space provided.

1. Why is research practical and realistic?

2. The first step of research process is to develop your topic or research problem. What is the
importance of considering those factors in selecting a research problem?

3. Explain briefly. Research starts with a problem and ends with a new problem.

4. What is the purpose of research ethics in doing research work?

5. A research can be replicated but not the findings. Why?

Discussion of Activity 1
You just learned the characteristics, processes and ethics of research.

1. As a researcher, you can play the role of a member of a research team, can you identify the processes
involved in conducting research and its characteristics? Enumerate those processes.
2. What are the various research ethics and rights of a research participant.

Read and Analyze

Direction: Read the following articles below and answer the questions that follow. Write your answer on
a separate sheet of paper.

Ethics in Qualitative Research

Certain ethical challenges in qualitative research necessitate sustained attention of two interconnected
worlds: the world of the researcher and the world of the participant. A critical view of some of the
ethical challenges in the participants’ and researchers’ world reveals that how we examine both these
worlds’ effects how we design our research. In addition, it reflects the need for researchers to develop
an ethical research vocabulary at the inception of their research life through multiple modes. The modes
may include dialogue in the spoken and written and visual to affect their aims to adhere to the principles
of respect, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice in a way that is mutually beneficial to the
participant and the researcher.

Further, the deliberations in this paper reveal that a critical conscious research ethics are embedded in
the unfolding research ethics process involving the participants and the researchers, and both the
participant and researcher add equal weight to the transparency of the ethical process and add value to
building methodological and ethical rigor to the research.

The global public health response to COVID-19 could be significantly enhanced by safe, effective
vaccines and treatments, reliable measures of correlates of immune protection, and improved scientific
knowledge of the disease and its transmission. It is widely agreed that vaccines would be particularly
important, and over 100 candidate vaccines are currently being developed. Well-designed human
challenge studies provide one of the most efficient and scientifically powerful means for testing
vaccines, especially because animal models are not adequately generalizable to humans.

Challenge studies could thus be associated with substantial public health benefit in so far as they (a)
accelerate vaccine development, (b) 21 increase the likelihood that the most effective (candidate)
vaccines will ultimately become available), (c) validate tests of immunity, and (d) improve knowledge
regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission.

Questions:

1. Based on the article, how will you define ethics in research?

2. Are SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission. Study on humans rather than animal models unethical?

3. If you were a part of the research teams conducting such phenomenon, what will you do to correct
the unethical feature of the experiment?