NAME:-HAFSA

SHAIKH

WILD KARNATAKA-
“DOCUMENTARY”
There are many ways in which biodiversity is linked to the cultural
diversity in India. There are numerous links to India’s different religions, tourist
attractions, etc. To start off, India is known for having one of the largest populations on
Earth. Therefore, there is a lot of cultural diversity found in different parts of that
country, as well as a wide range of biodiversity. India has a range of large mountains (the
Himalayas), perennial rivers, and zones of desert lands. There is also a great diversity in
race, language and religion—there are 6 main ethnic groups with other 1,652 languages
being spoken and 6 different types of religions being practiced . As for biodiversity, there
are three different hotspots: the Western Ghats, the Himalayas and the Indo Burma
region. There is also a “wide range of ecozones—desert, high mountains, highlands,
tropical and temperate forests, swamplands, plains, grasslands, areas surrounding rivers,
as well as island archipelago” .
With Hinduism being practiced by 80% of India’s population, there are strong
links with this religion and biodiversity. First off, there are 5 specific animals that are
worshipped in this religion and can found all over the country: cows, elephants, monkeys,
snakes, and tigers. These animals are seen as sacred and ‘vehicles’ of gods and deities.
Due to the significance of these animals, vegetarianism is popular in this religion. Also,
due to the region you are in, the distinct flavors of the Hindu cuisine will vary.
There are many aspects of biodiversity that aid to the economic growth of this
country. The major agricultural system that India has, has benefitted the economy in
many ways. There are a lot of exports that are traded and shipped to other countries for
profit. Also, tourism is another important source of economic growth. The Himalayan
Mountains and the land’s great diversity attract many people to India. There are also
major sites of tourism like the Taj Mahal that bring in a lot of revenue.
Another important way the biodiversity is linked to cultural diversity is the
environment impacts humans have in India. Some of these issues are: “air pollution, poor
management of waste, growing water scarcity, biodiversity loss, preservation and quality
of forests, etc.” (Environmental Issues in India 2015). These issues are also one of the
main causes for disease and health issues in India. These issues are recognized as
important because they not only impact the human population but the ecosystems in India
as well. There are many strategies put in place by the government to support the wildlife
of this country—national parks, protected areas, protection acts and projects, etc. Though
many of the laws put in place haven’t had the correct effect and there are many efforts
still being put into place to ensure that the biodiversity of India is protected.
 There are many obstacles to overcome to protect the biodiversity of India.
However, there are still many links between it’s biodiversity and the cultural diversity of
this country. India is considered the 12 mega biodiverse country in the world. With over
1.25 billion people living in India and hundreds of different species of animals, India is a
very diverse country.
Developing countries often hoard the largest number of species, but also experience very
high poverty levels. This dissertation reviews the evidence of the performance common
conservation interventions. I find that despite the billions of dollars channeled towards
conservation efforts annually, there is still very limited evidence whether or not
conservation policies work. The evidence has been limited to exceptional countries like
Costa Rica and Thailand and outlines like deforestation, without considering ecosystem
function and ecosystem services. Furthermore, I find that the conservation impact
evaluation literature has currently not highlighted the channels through which
conservation policies effect change and how the effectiveness varies with the baseline
characteristics of the area.
I evaluate the performance of protected areas in terms of stalling deforestation as well as
providing a wide range of ecosystem services and benefits . I further examine the role of
context in which protected areas operate and show significant heterogeneity in their
performance. I also develop a static spatially explicit model of household fuelwood
extraction that allows me to predict the location and magnitude of spillovers when a
protected area is introduced. I find that depending on the characteristics of the areas, it
may be optimal for households to buy fuelwood than collect it.
 In modern India there have been many great champions of science and advocates
of scientific thinking who paid their wholehearted homage at the shrine of pure
knowledge.  But pt. Nehru stands above them all beaus the strove hard throughout his life
as a man, leader and the first Prime Minister of India to inculcate the scientific temper
among the Indian populace.  Once in an opening ceremony speaking on the spirit of
Science, he said,”Science teaches us new ways of doing things. Perhaps, it improves our
conditions of industrial life but the basic things that science should do is to teach us to
think straight, to act straight and not to be afraid of discarding anything or of accepting
anything provided there are sufficient reasons for doing so.
            Science in itself is neither good nor bad.  It is human beings who make science. 
Ills of science like the destructive power of nuclear weapons, the erosion of values
because of spread of gross materialism, ever increasing depletion of natural resources,
degradation and pollution of the environment etc. are actually the ills of man using
science in a way that is destructive, undesirable and unholy.  It is because the scientist in
man has deviated from his social commitments, social conscience.  Therefore, there are
some sections in the society who want an immediate halt to the growth of scientific
researches and studies. 
            Science and morality or change and continuity are not inimical or incompatible,
The evil lies in human mind which can use both science and morality for evil purposes,
Science is knowledge, pure, objective and empirical engaged in making the life more
easy, comfortable and less painful.  There is hardly and walk of department of life which
is not in the embrace of science. It has helped us in conquering diseases, hunger, famine,
distances and physical and geographical barriers, it has turned the globe into an
international village.  The conquest of space and the moon are some of the greatest
achievements of modern science and technology.  The true spirit of science lies in search
and discovery of truth.
            The more aware we are about the sanctity and wholeness of life in its various
forms and expression, the better equipped we Rae for life full of peace, health ,
satisfaction den purposefulness. We need to rediscover our close relationship with
natural, environment and other species. When forests another species disappear, we lose
much of ourselves because it boomerangs and has a rippling effect on all of us. 
Biodiversity and its conversation is a sure safeguard absent pollution, degradation and
degeneration.
            Public awareness is of crucial importance in protecting biodiversity.  However,
only awareness in not enough unless it if followed by positive steps mind firm acting
towards sanitation of the environment.  It should become an integral part of the public
agenda,” Live and let live” should be our mottoes’ this guiding principle should be
followed both in letter and spirit.
Many women and children in our communities collect eggs and insects as food
sources, a task delegated by older women to younger ones. Women also take charge
of many agricultural activities, planting, tending and reaping a wide variety of
vegetables. They deal with biodiversity on a daily basis. Using their rich experience
and broad knowledge, women can mobilize campaigns and training sessions in
support of biological diversity, food security and cultural diversity. Woman are the
key to conserving life for the future. By including the young women of the
community, the message of conservation will be passed from generation to
generation. And if biodiversity conservation education begins at an early age, that
knowledge will only grow and spread.
Economists, lawyers, conservationists, educators and government leaders must all
come to understand the role of biodiversity and conservation in the world we live in.
And we must start to teach our children about them when they are young so that
they will recognize each little animal and every leafy branch as an important part of
who we are and of our world’s most important resource: biodiversity. 
All of living organisms are brilliant creatures. No man can swim as fish, fly as bird,
sense as bat. However, we as humans used our potential to engineer instruments
that could combine skills evolved in nature. Satellites are one of the examples. With
the distance of seven hundred kilometers above the earth surface, we can take
pictures containing information that are exceeding any man vision. Through those
images we can see further than any eagle, more precise than any mantel shrimp and
perceive more colors behind blue than any butterfly and behind red than any snake.
From those images with wide range of colors and an excellent coverage, we are able
to derive the information about the earth surface that could be relevant to monitor
natural environment.
By analyzing the hundreds of colors of the optical satellite images, we can derive the
information about light absorption, drought stress, inner leaf structure and many
other properties of the vegetation. Additionally, we are also able to distinguish
different plant species reflecting in specific colors according to their genetic
constrains. That information combined give us the current condition and structure
of the environment on a global scale. This could help us to understand interactions
between organisms and its environment and enable to prevent further
environmental distortions with biodiversity decline being one of the major ones.
Biodiversity is, as Plumer observes, hard to touch or see or feel. So how do we make
its loss palpable and immediate? The values we ascribe to biodiversity are shaped
by our direct experiences, but also by the stories we tell one another. Framing
stories of biodiversity in terms of its monetary value alone has been shown to
promote individualistic behavior and discourage collective thinking, both of which
undermine the transformational societal change we need. Engaging intrinsic values,
like love or interconnectedness, is more likely to activate similar values that foster
lasting concern for fellow species and the environment. Values that are engaged
repeatedly become entrenched in our minds as being important. I argue, therefore,
that we need more stories that foster those values that run deeper than our limited
paradigm of economic growth to recognize our primal and complex connection with
other life forms and the benefits these connections bring.
This is not to say we shouldn’t emphasize the value of biodiversity in sustaining the
integrity of our global ecosystem. Biodiversity provides us with fresh air, clean
water, medicines, and it regulates our climate–and the more people are educated
about its importance, the better. But biodiversity is also so much more than a
resource at our disposal. It is exceptional, enigmatic, exhilarating, awe-inspiring,
intricate, and infinitely beautiful. It is bigger than all of us–and we are an integral
part of it. Our connection with nature, and its myriad life forms, runs deep. Each of
the million species of animals and plants at risk of extinction has a unique story to
tell, but unlike Romeo and Wallace’s Giant Bee, many will vanish before they are
heard. 
Because society is built upon the concept of money the first and most important
factor of biodiversity is economic. Comercial,agriculture and pharmaceutical value
can be derived from greater biodiversity. Indeed greater biodiversity in rainforests
is beneficial, because it derives a greater likelihood for the discovery of life saving
products .critics might however argue that the likelihood of this is not very sufficient
,and the process of bioprospecting for the purpose of conservation does not
compare well in terms of cost and benefits . the prospect of benefit is somewhat
small and unlikely in terms of the cost incurred . another economic possibility is the
possibility of ecotourism .this is a somewhat better prospect in terms of money that
tourists are willing to see animals in their natural habitats .

In conclusion I do not think that biodiversity is overprotected , if one is to

understand the term quite literally .