Aim: How to calculate Percent Composition
DO NOW:
Below is the nutrition label from a peanut butter container.
Calculate what percentage of the total mass is from protein.
How to Calculate % Composition
Percent Composition (Table T)
The percent composition is the mass percentage of
each type of atom (element) in a compound.
How to Calculate % Composition
% by mass = x 100
Percent Composition from Chemical
Formula
To calculate the percent composition of a component in a compound:
1. Find the molar mass of the compound by adding up the
masses of each atom in the compound.
2. Calculate the molar mass of the component in the compound
for which you are solving.
3. Divide the molar mass of the component by the total molar
mass of the compound and multiply by 100
How to Calculate % Composition
Percent Composition from Chemical
Formula
Calculate the percent by mass of nitrogen
in caffeine (C8H10N4O2)
Step1
8C + 10H +4N + 2O
(8 x 12.0 g/mol) + (10 x 1.0 g/mol) + ( 4 x
14.0 g/mol) + (2 x 16.0 g/mol) = 194.0 g/mol
How to Calculate % Composition
Step 2
Nitrogen: x 100 = 28.9 %
How to Calculate % Composition
Percent Composition by mass of Caffeine
Nitrogen Carbon Oxygen Hydrogen
How to Calculate % Composition
Percent Composition from Mass Data
Percent composition can be calculated from experimental
data.
A student prepares a compound of tungsten chloride from
3.946 g of tungsten and 3.806 g of chlorine. Calculate the
percent composition.
% W = x 100% = x 100 = 50.9 %
% Cl = x 100% = x 100 = 49.1 %
How to Calculate % Composition
Practice Problem
In pairs discuss and write down the steps
1. A 45.9 g sample of copper, Cu, combined with
oxygen to give 51.69 g of an oxide compound.
The percent composition of this compound is:
a. 88.8 % Cu, 11.2% O
b. 24.4% Cu, 75.6% O
c. 60.1% Cu, 39.9 % O
d. 11.3% Cu, 88.7% O
How to Calculate % Composition
Molecular Formula: The actual formula of a
molecule
A compound is 75.46% carbon, 4.43%
hydrogen, and 20.10% oxygen by mass. It
has a molecular weight of 318.31 g/mol.
What is the molecular formula for this
compound?
How to Calculate % Composition
Molecular Formula: The actual formula of a
molecule
PROBLEM 1:
A compound is 75.46% carbon, 4.43%
hydrogen, and 20.10% oxygen by mass. It has
a molecular weight of 318.31 g/mol. What is
the molecular formula for this compound?
How to Calculate % Composition
Find the empirical formula.
Get the mass of each element by assuming a certain
overall mass for the sample (100 g is a good to
assume when working with percentage).
Convert the mass of each element to moles
Find the ratio of the moles of each element.
Use the mole ratio to write the molecular formula
Multiplying the mole ratio by two to get whole
number, the empirical formula becomes:
How to Calculate % Composition
Find the mass the empirical unit.
Figure out how many empirical are in
molecular unit.
Write the molecular formula.
How to Calculate % Composition
Practice problem: In pairs discuss and write down
the steps
A sample of hydrate sodium carbonate has a mass
of 71.5 g. after heating, the anhydrous sodium
carbonate has a mass of 26.5 grams. Calculate the
% water.
How to Calculate % Composition
How to Calculate % Composition
Summary:
How to Calculate % Composition
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How to Calculate % Composition
