Continuous process of isochoric heating 

Isochoric heating- It is the process of heating a system while keeping its volume constant. 

This is the project to design a water heating service system which we use domestically. 

Water heater-A household appliance consisting of a gas or electric heating unit under a tank in which water 
is heated and stored. 

The design of a hot water service system may follow the procedure: 

1-Determine the demand of hot water from the consumers - quantity and temperature. 

2-Select the type, capacity and heating surface of the calorifier - or heat exchanger. 

3-Select the boiler. 

4_Design the pipe scheme and the size of the pipes. 

In our homes commonly we use the water heater which can be simply defined as below÷

●
In this we supply cold water to the heater and it is heated in storage then water is heated inside
it then hot water gets out.
For eg if we have a gas fueled storage water heater,it heats water by means of a burner
beneath the tank.

●
So in this water heater cold water comes in, it gets heated and when the pressure gets over
the limit hot water comes out.

Maximum Heat Supply

A hot water accumulator - tank volume - will reduce required maximum heat supply. The heat
supply to a system with an accumulator can be calculated as:

H = cp V (q2 - q1) / t
where
H = heat supply (kW)
V = accumulator volume stored
cp = specific heat water (4.19 kJ/kgoC)
q1 = temperature of the cold feed water
q2 = temperature of the hot water
t = available time for the accumulated volume to be heated

To minimize the energy consumption we should lower the water heater temperature.

Water heating efficiency÷

The load met by each domestic hot water system is Q=∫mc(Tout − Tin)dt where m is
the mass flow rate of water leaving the system before being mixed with cold water,
c is the specific heat of water, Tout is the outlet temperature from the water heating system
and Tin is the inlet water temperature to the water heating system.
The efficiency of each configuration will be expressed as a Coefficient of Performance of the
system, COPsys = Q/E, where E is the total electrical energy used by the water heating system.

Reduce Hot Water Use for Energy Savings

Fix Leaks
You can significantly reduce hot water use by simply repairing leaks in fixtures -faucets and
showerheads or pipes.

Conclusion
We know water heater is a basic necessity in our homes but we need to focus on to make it
more energy efficient.Making your home energy efficient includes reducing electricity, water,
and fuel usage. At present solar water heaters are considered as the most efficient water
heaters.