Estimating

 Estimating is being able to guess and come close to a correct answer.

 is an important part of mathematics and a very handy tool for everyday life.
 Get in the habit of estimating amounts of money, lengths of time, distances, and many other physical
quantities

Rounding off is a kind of estimating.

To round off a number:

1. Find the place value of the rounding digit" and look at the digit just to the right of it.
2. If that digit is less than 5, do not change the rounding digit but drop all digits to the right of it.
3. If that digit is greater than or equal to five, add one to the rounding digit and:
a. change all digits to the right of the rounding digit to zero (if whole number)
b. drop all digits to the right of it (if decimal number)

Place value can be defined as the value represented by a digit in a number on the basis of its position in the
number. 

In algebra, a decimal number can be defined as a number whose whole number part and the fractional part is
separated by a decimal point. The dot in a decimal number is called a decimal point. The digits following
the decimal point show a value smaller than one.

PRACTICE

Round each number to the place that is asked for.

1. 7,298 to hundreds place

2. 345 to tens place
3. 31,299 to ten thousands place

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ESTIMATING
1. Which of the following is an estimate for the sum of the numbers 5,478 + 3,456 if each were
round to the nearest thousand?
a. 9,000
b. 8,900
c. 8,000

2. Which of the following would NOT have an estimated answer of 4,500 if you were to round to
the nearest ten?
a. 55 x 84
b. 3,549 + 949
c. 6,249 – 1,751

3. Estimate the product of 456 × 567 by rounding to the nearest hundred.

a. 300,000
b. 250,000
c. 240,000

4. Which of the following would not be an acceptable estimate of the product 250 × 750 if you
were to round to the nearest hundred?
a. 240,000
b. 210,000
c. 160,000

5. Estimate the quotient of 19,543 ÷ 4,426 by rounding to the nearest thousand.

a. 4
b. 5
c. 6

6. Which of the following is a correct statement?

a. 200,000 is an estimate for the difference 564,123 – 359,783 rounded to the nearest ten
thousand.
b. 40 is an estimate for the quotient 120,123 ÷ 3,456 rounded to the nearest thousand.
c. Both statements a and b are correct.

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DECIMALS 5. 234.5 – 21.17 =
a. 213.33
1. 34.6 + 1.82 + 100.005 =
b. 213.47
a. 100.533
c. 228
b. 136.425
c. 628.005
6. Twenty and twenty‐thousandths
minus three and three tenths equals
2. Three tenths plus four hundredths
a. Seventeen and seven hundredths
plus one and seventeen thousandths
b. Seventeen and seven thousandths
equals
c. Sixteen and seventy-two
a. One and three hundred fifty-seven
hundredths
thousandths
b. One and twenty-four thousandths
c. Four hundred fifty-seven
7. 0.23 × 1.2 =
thousandths
a. 0.0276
b. 0.276
c. 2.76
3. Which of the following correctly sets
up one and one thousandth plus two
hundred plus three thousandths?
8. 0.002 × 0.03 =
a. 1.001 + 200. + 3000.
a. 0.006
b. 1.001 + 200. + 0.003
b. 0.0006
c. 1.001 + 0.02 + 0.003
c. 0.00006

4. 38.32 – 2.1 =
9. One thousandth times one hundred
a. 38.11
equals
b. 36.22
a. One hundred-thousandth
c. 17.32
b. One hundredth
c. One tenth

OTHER PROBLEMS

1. A water pitcher weighs 0.64 kg when empty and 1.728 kg when filled with water. How much does the
water weigh?
2. A cyclist has traveled 145.8 km in the first stage of a race, 136.65 km in the second stage and 162.62
km in the third.
How many kilometers must the cyclist still complete if the entire race is 1000 km in length?

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3. In a well filled with water, 184.5 liters are removed followed by 128.75 liters and finally 84.5 liters.
After these withdrawals, there are 160 liters in the well. How much water did the well originally
have?
4. There are 240 boxes with 25 bags of coffee each. If each bag weighs 0.62 kg, what is the total weight
of all the coffee?
5. Knowing that 2.077 m³ air weighs 2.7 kg, calculate how much 1 m³ of air weighs.
6. James has a rectangular box. The length of the box is 25.78 cm and its width is 7.16 cm less than its
length. What is the area of the rectangle.
7. Eva is on a diet which states that she cannot consume more than 600 calories in one meal. Yesterday
she had lunch: 125 g of bread, 140 g of asparagus, 45 g of cheese and an apple of 130 g. If 1 g of bread
has 3.3 calories, 1 g of asparagus, 0.32, 1 g of cheese, 1.2, and 1 g of an apple 0.52. Did Eva follow her
diet? Show your solution.

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