Republic of the Philippines

Northwest Samar State University

Rueda St., Calbayog City 6710
Website: http//www.nwssu.edu.ph
Email: main@nwssu.edu.ph
Telefax: (055) 2093657
SS 17-INTEGRATIVE
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
METHODS IN TEACHING SOC.SCI. DISCIPLINE IN BASIC ED.

Name: Lenard A. Belano Program: BSEd III-Social Studies

Instructor: Mrs. Avelina P. Tupa Ed.D. Activity: Module 6 Integration Skills

MODULE 6: INTEGRATION SKILLS

Do some research and answer the following tasks
1. What is the difference between integration and inclusion?

Inclusion is the process of educating the children in a way that it benefits all
the children as it entails the clear participation of all the children in the classroom.
Integration, on the other hand, is the process in which children with special
needs are absorbed into the mainstream education system. Furthermore, the aim
of the inclusion is not to fit the children to the mainstream education but to
improve the overall participation of the students in the classroom activities.
However, integration process aims to fit in the students with special needs to the
mainstream education.
Inclusion focuses on all students in the classroom whereas integration focuses
on the students with special needs in the classroom. In order to assist the
education procedure of the students, in inclusion, the school system undergoes
change while in integration, it is the subject matter which undergoes change
according to the needs of the students with special needs.

2. Give an example as to how integration and inclusion is done in the

classroom setting.

In an integrated classroom setting, students with disabilities learn alongside

peers without disabilities. Extra supports may be implemented to help them adapt
to the regular curriculum, and sometimes separate special education programs
are in place within the classroom or through pull-out services.
Example:
Ron, a 12-year old boy with cerebral palsy enrolled in a mainstream school.
Since Ron is the only student with disabilities, he received an extra attention
 from his teacher so that he can learn to “fit in” and adapt to his learning
environment.
On the other hand, Inclusion done in classroom setting by merging of special
education and regular education with the belief that all children are different, will
learn differently, and should have full access to the same curriculum. Students
with disabilities are not expected to adjust to a fixed education structure. Rather
the structure is adjusted so that everyone’s learning styles can be met. Barriers
to learning are removed to allow each student to participate fully in the curriculum
and feel equally valued. The end result is that all students with and without
disabilities benefit.
Example:
Glen, who has hearing impairment entered in a general classroom. Some of
his classmates has disability and some are non-disabled. They were taught
simultaneously but Glen didn’t find the lesson difficult because the teacher
provided a hearing aid for him to hear the discussion. Same goes to his
classmates who has disability, they are provided with assistive tools so that they
can go along with the lesson.

3. What is integrated curriculum

An integrated curriculum is described as one that connects different areas of
study by cutting across subject-matter lines and emphasizing unifying concepts.
Integration focuses on making connections for students, allowing them to engage
in relevant, meaning activities that can connected to real life. An integrated
curriculum aims to connect the theory learned in the classroom, with practical,
real-life knowledge and experience.

4. How is integration of curriculum implemented under the K to 12

curriculum?

Under K-12 Curriculum, integration of curriculum is being implemented

through constructing meaningful connections between disciplinary concepts, and
applying knowledge from different disciplines to topics that cannot be easily
situated in just one way of knowing. Integration of curriculum assists students to
identify the links, not only between ideas and processes within a single field, but
also between ideas and processes, in separate fields, and in the world outside of
school. There are types of curriculum integration under K-12 curriculum, the
following are:

 Within Subject Areas

 An intradisciplinary approach involves an arrangement of the
knowledge and skills within one subject area. This approach respects the
subject's way of knowing distinct conceptual structures and methods of
inquiry. It aims at integrating the subject's knowledge and skills into a
coherent whole. Also a part of this approach is vertical integration where
knowledge and skills within one subject area are connected from grade-to-
grade
Examples:
 Integrating ecology, physics, and chemistry in the study of sciences
at Early Years

 Between Subject Areas

In a multidisciplinary approach, subject areas are independent of one
another. In this approach, teachers deliberately coordinate the timing and
delivery of related topics, but they make no attempt to synthesize or draw
together different subject area perspectives.
Examples:
 The mathematics teacher focuses on graphing skills, while the
science teacher has students carry out experiments where results
are presented in graph form.
An interdisciplinary approach (also called horizontal integration)
connects the interdependent knowledge and skills from more than one
subject area to examine a central theme, issue, problem, topic, or
experience. It is a holistic approach that stresses linkages.
Example:
 Using sustainable development as a theme, students pursue
learning outcomes from science, social studies, and language arts
to better understand a complex issue.

 Beyond Subject Areas

A transdisciplinary approach places the characteristics, needs,
interests, and personal learning processes of students at the forefront of
the learning experience. Students engage in independent projects which
aim to develop initiative, imagination and creativity, research skills,
analysis and synthesis skills, and autonomy
Example:
 Students work on independent research projects. The formal
timetable is left behind while teachers guide students in their
research.
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5. Why is integration important in the curriculum?
Integration is important in the curriculum because first, it increases learner’s
abilities in so many ways. Such as in explaining the nature of a real-world issue
or problem more deeply, applying disciplinary concepts and skills in flexible ways
and produce solutions that are more creative and innovative.
Furthermore, integrated curriculum approaches can provide many benefits to
both teachers and students. They encourage teachers to collaborate and take on
innovative mindsets. They include opportunities for students to exercise their
voice in choosing specific topics to pursue or the type of assessment to
showcase their learning, and to experience the connection of multiple disciplinary
concepts to the world around them. A balanced approach between specialization
and integration will ensure that students have opportunities for both deep
understanding and innovative application of knowledge throughout their
education.