Preservation of biodiversity why and how

Biodiversity
Biodiversity refers to the variety of living species on Earth,
including plants, animals, bacteria, and fungi. While Earth’s
biodiversity is so rich that many species have yet to be
discovered, many species are being threatened with extinction
due to human activities, putting the Earth’s magnificent
biodiversity at risk.
Preserving Biodiversity
Preserving biodiversity is an extraordinary challenge that
must be met by greater understanding of biodiversity itself,
changes in human behavior and beliefs, and various
preservation strategies. The goal of preservation is to protect
the environment from the harmful effects of human activity.
Measuring Biodiversity
The technology of molecular genetics and data processing and
storage are maturing to the point where cataloguing the
planet’s species in an accessible way is close to feasible. DNA
barcoding is one molecular genetic method, which takes
advantage of rapid evolution in a mitochondrial gene present
in eukaryotes, excepting the plants, to identify species using
the sequence of portions of the gene. Plants may be barcoded
using a combination of chloroplast genes. the sequence of
portions of the
Which of the following statements is not supported by this
graph?
 1. There are more vulnerable fishes than critically
endangered and endangered fishes combined.
2. There are more critically endangered amphibians than
vulnerable, endangered and critically endangered reptiles
combined.
3. Within each group, there are more critically endangered
species than vulnerable species.
4. Within each group, there are more critically endangered
species than vulnerable species.
5. A greater percentage of bird species are critically
endangered than mollusk species.
Why is preservation necessary? 
A healthy biodiversity offers many natural services
Social benefits
Biological resources, such as
Food
Medicinal resources and pharmaceutical drugs
Wood products
Ornamental
Bees: crucial agricultural workers
Interdependent marine ecosystem
Large carnivores essential for healthy ecosystems
Species depend on each other
While there might be survival of the fittest within a given
species, each species depends on the services provided by
other species to ensure survival. It is a type of cooperation
based on mutual survival and is often what a balanced
ecosystem refers to.
Changing Human Behavior
• The Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) is an agreement
between the United States and Canada that was signed
into law in 1918 in response to declines in North
American bird species caused by hunting.
• The on International Trade in Endangered Species of
Wild Fauna and FloraConvention (CITES) treaty came
into force in 1975. The treaty, and the national legislation
that supports it, provides.
Conservation in Preserves
Establishment of wildlife and ecosystem preserves is one
of the key tools in conservation efforts. Establishment of
wildlife and ecosystem preserves is one of the key tools
in conservation efforts (Figure 4). A preserve is an area
of land set aside with varying degrees of protection for
the organisms that exist within the boundaries of the
preserve.
Habitat Restoration
Habitat restoration is the process of bringing an area back
to its natural state, before it was impacted through
destructive human activities. It holds considerable
promise as a mechanism for maintaining or restoring
biodiversity.

The Role of Zoos and Captive Breeding

Zoos have sought to play a role in conservation efforts
both through captive breeding programs and education. In
general, it has been recognized that, except in some
specific targeted cases, captive breeding programs for
endangered species are inefficient and often prone to
failure when the species are reintroduced to the wild. Zoo
facilities are far too limited to contemplate captive
breeding programs for the numbers of species that are
now at risk. Education, on the other hand, is a
potentialpositive impact of zoos on conservation efforts,
particularly given the global trend to urbanization and the
consequent reduction in contacts between people and
wildlife.

Jovanovic Andjela 184/19

Pavic Jovana 192/19
Milojevic Kristina 188/19
Vukovic Kristina 181/19