ECV5611 – ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION

M.Sc. Highway and Transportation Engineering

Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia

Individual Assignment: First Semester Year 2020/2021 1 Weeks

Osman Abdi Kulane

Assignment after test1 on Question 2.
GS57840

Table1. the Hoddon Matrix and risk factors of the case.

Factors
Phases Human factor Vehicle and Environment
Equipment
Pre-crash  Attitude  Uncontrollable of  Extra
steering and emergency
 human braking system lanes
tolerance
factors  speed
manageme
nt.

Crash  seatbelt  occupant  no crash

both restraints protective
front/back objects on
and  no crash the
mismanagi protective design roadside
ng

Post-crash  First-aid  fire risk fight  Needed

skills more
needed  no evacuation traffic
process facility and
accessibilit
y

This crash results from a combination of factors related to the components of the system
comprising roads, the environment, vehicles and road users, and the way they interact. So we
need a comprehensive systemic treatment each phase – pre-crash, crash and post-crash and
then it can be analyzed systematically for human, vehicle, road and environmental factors.

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The Haddon matrix is an analytical tool that will help in identifying all factors associated with
the crash.

Pre-crash.

For this pre-crash phase, it is necessary to select all countermeasures that prevent the crash from
occurring as normal, so we will identify a few risk factors in this scene. As District deputy
police chief Superintendent Mohamad Nordin Abdullah said “there has been misunderstanding
family conflicts between the wife and her husband” so this attitude problem, it caused on her to
pay less attention to integration of road function with decisions about speed limits, because it’s
very common that family problems have contributed the attention and behavior of the people, so
this the human factor contribution of this incident. When comes to vehicle factor risk, we see
that the driver of Perodua Axia lost control of her car that means the braking system of the car
has problems, the car was also too old or the steering was uncontrollable. The final point of the
pre-crash assessment is to identify the risk factor of road and environment, since the two Lorries
have rammed each other that means the road should be added into extra emergency lanes and
also the speed limit system should be enforced because the Perodua Axia was too fast.

During the crash.

The crash phase is associated with countermeasures that prevent injury from occurring or reduce
its severity of the crash when it occurs. So in this case human risk factor during the crash
seatbelt both front/back and mismanaging , because in information it was said that the all kids
were killed on spot and pinned on the seats while their mother got severe injury, so this may be
that all kids have been in in front seat and hit in one time. In vehicle risk factor during the crash
is that there were occupant restraints and no crash protective design, because all kids were
siblings, they all pinned on seats, may be they were all on one seat as usually happens. The final
point of this phase is that to measure the risk factor of road and environment during the crash we
see there was no crash protective objects on the roadside, if it had the driver would turned, they
only option she got was to stop and manage the car and she could not.

Post-crash.

The post-crash phase involves all activities that reduce the adverse outcome of the crash after it
has occurred. In this case as Noordin told that the deceased were taken to the Raja Permaisuri
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Bainun Hospital for post-mortem, while the mother is currently receiving treatment at the same
hospital, so this means there is no medical risk factor in this case. When comes to vehicle risk
factor in post-crash, we see there is no evacuation process in the information and there is no fire
risk against information, it was possible to that car got fired when it hit with big lorry but not
fire fight team, so it so needed to get fire risk fight team. Final point of post-crash we see that
the place has no traffic facility that can help other to assist victims to be rescued.