Practice exam paper

1 Assumption: if n2 + 1 is even then n can be even.

Let n = 2k where k is an integer.
Then (2k)2 + 1 = 4k2 + 1
But 4k2 is even, and so 4k2 + 1 must be odd.
This contradicts our assumption, and so if n2 + 1 is even then n must be odd.

2 a x 2 + 4 xy + y 2 + 1 =0 (1)
dy dy
2x + 4 y + 4x + 2 y = 0
dx dx
dy
2 ( 2x + y ) = −2 ( x + 2 y )
dx
dy x + 2y
= −
dx 2x + y

dy
b When the gradient is parallel to the x-axis =0
dx
x + 2y 1
− =0⇒ y = − x
2x + y 2
Substituting into (1) gives:
2
2  1   1 
x + 4 x  − x  +  − x  + 1 =0
 2   2 
1
x 2 − 2 x 2 + x 2 + 1 =0
4
3
− x 2 + 1 =0
4
−3 x 2 + 4 = 0
4
x2 =
3
2
x= ±
3
2 1
When x = , y= −
3 3

2 1
When x = − , y=
3 3

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3 a y = xe 2 x
dy
= e 2 x + 2 xe 2 x
dx
dy
At the turning point =0
dx
e 2 x + 2 xe 2 x =
0
e (1 + 2 x ) =
2x
0
1
x= −
2
1
When x = −
2
 1
1 2 − 
y = − e  2
2
1
= −
2e
 1 1 
Therefore the turning point has coordinates  − , − 
 2 2e 

b V = π ∫ y 2 dx where y = xe 2 x
a
2
= π ∫ ( xe 2 x ) dx
2

1
2
= π ∫ x 2 e 4 x dx
1
2
dv du
∫x e
2 4x
dx is of the form ∫ u
d=x uv − ∫ v dx
1
dx dx
du dv 1 4x
with u =x 2 ⇒ =2 x and = e4 x ⇒ v = e
dx dx 4
1 2 4x 1
∫x= x e − ∫ xe 4 x dx
2 4x
e dx
4 2
dv du
∫ xe dx is of the form ∫ u dx d=x uv − ∫ v dx dx
4x

du dv 1 4x
with u =x ⇒ = 1 and = e4 x ⇒ v = e
dx dx 4
1 2 4x 1  1 4x 1 4x 
∫ x e dx =4 x e − 2  4 xe − 4 ∫ e dx 
2 4x

1 2 4x 1 4x 1 4x
= x e − xe + ∫ e dx
4 8 8
1 2 4x 1 4x 1 4x
= x e − xe + e (+c)
4 8 32

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 Therefore:
2 2
1 1 1 
π ∫ x 2 e 4 x d=
x π  x 2 e 4 x − xe 4 x + e 4 x 
1 4 8 32 1
 1 1   1 1 
= π  e8 − xe8 + e8  −  e 4 − e 4 + e 4  
 4 32   4 32  
 25 5 
= π  e8 − e 4 
 32 32 
5 4
= e π ( 5e 4 − 1)
32

4 a y = cos 2t
= cos 2 t − sin 2 t
= cos 2 t − (1 − cos 2 t )
= 2 cos 2 t − 1
Since x = cos t
=y 2 x2 −1

b Domain: 0 ≤ t ≤ 2π
Range: −1 ≤ y ≤ 1

c=
y 2 x2 −1
dy
= 4x
dx
= 4 cos t
Alternative method:
dy
=−2sin 2t = −4sin t cos t
dt
dx
= − sin t
dt
dy dy dx −4sin t cos t
= = = 4 cos t
dx dt dt − sin t

d When t = 0, gradient of tangent = 4, x = 1 and y = 1

Therefore the equation of the tangent is:
1 4 ( x − 1)
y −=
y 4x − 3
=

1
5 a f ( x) =
(1 − 3x )
2

f ( x )= (1 − 3 x )
−2

( −2 )( −3) ( −2 )( −3)( −4 )
(1 − 3x ) = 1 + ( −2 )( −3 x ) + ( −3x ) ( −3x )
−2 2 3
+
2! 3!
2 3
1 6 x + 27 x + 108 x
=+

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 1
5 b 1 6 x + 27 x 2 + 108 x3
=+
(1 − 3x )
2

Therefore:
1 1
=
( 0.97 ) (1 − 3 ( 0.01) )
2 2

1 + 6 ( 0.01) + 27 ( 0.01) + 108 ( 0.01)

2 3
=
= 1.062808

dH
6 a = −20 ( H − 5 )
dt
dH
= −20 dt
H −5
ln H − 5 = −20t + c
When t = 0, H = 40, therefore:
c = ln 35
ln H − 5 = −20t + ln 35
 H −5 
ln   = −20t
 35 
H −5
= e −20t
35
H = 5 + 35e −20t

dH
b −20 ( H − 5 )
=
dt
−20 ( 5 + 35e −20t − 5 )
=
= −700e −20t
When t = 0.5
dH
= −700e −10
dt
= −0.31779...
= 0.0318 (3 s.f.)

c 5

7 a A(2, 1, 3) and B(5, −2, 1)

 5   2  3 
     
 −2  −  1  = −3 
 1   3   −2 
     
 2  3 
   
r =  1  + t  −3 
 3   −2 
   

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7 b If (−4, 7, 7) lies on l then:
 2   3   −4 
     
 1  + t  −3  =
7
 3   −2   7 
     
2 + 3t = −4 ⇒ t = −2
1 − 3t = 7 ⇒ t = −2
3 − 2t = 7 ⇒ t = −2
Therefore (−4, 7, 7) lies on l.

a .b
7 c cos θ =
a b
 3  1
  
 −3  .  0 
 −2   0 
=   
32 + ( −3) + ( −2 ) × 12
2 2

3
=
22
θ = 50.23...
= 50.2° (3 s.f.)

d AC = 3AB
 3
 
3AB = 3  −3 
 −2 
 
9
 
=  −9 
 −6 
 
Since A has coordinates (2, 1, 3) therefore the possible coordinates of C are:
 2   9   11   2   9   −7 
           
 1  +  −9  =  −8  and  1  −  −9  = 10 
       3   −6   9 
 3   −6   −3       

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8 x =t 2 ⇒ dx =2t dt
y=1–t
b
V = π ∫ y 2 dx
a
1
V = π ∫ (1 − t ) ⋅ 2t dt
2

0
1
= 2π ∫ ( t − 2t 2 + t 3 ) dt
0
1
1 2 1 
= 2π  t 2 − t 3 + t 4 
2 3 4 0
1 2 1
= 2π  − + 
2 3 4
π
=
6

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