Yarmouk University

Hajjawi Faculty for Engineering Technology

Civil Engineering Department
Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Laboratory
CE 354

Name : ABDUALLAH AL-AJLOUNY

ID #:2017888019

Section #: 3rd

Experiment : Sluice Jump

Date of submission: December 24th 2020

Introduction

The sluice gate provides a convenient means of flow regulation, especially in irrigation and
drainage schemes where flow has to be distributed in networks of interconnected channels.
The gate is provided with a lifting mechanism so that the aperture beneath it may be set to any
desired position. When closed, the aperture is sealed so that no flow can pass through the gate.
In this experiment we measure the discharge under the gate and establish the effective coefficient
of discharge

Objective:
To determine the coefficient of discharge, the coefficient of velocity and the coefficient of
contraction due to vena contracts for a sluice gate

Apparatus:
1. Multi-purpose teaching flume

2. Adjustable undershot weir (Sluice Gate)

3. Flow rate measuring device

Procedure:
Ensure the flume is horizontal and that the downstream weir is at the bottom of its travel. Place
the adjustable undershot weir vertically in position with its bottom edge (mm) above the flume
bottom. Open the inlet valve and admit water until y, height, measure Q. y, and H Raise the weir in
increments to height of (maintaining y, at a height of say (weir record the values Q, y2, and hG.
mm. With y, at this mm), mm), by varying the flow of water. At each level of the Repeat the
procedure with a constant flow, Q allowing y1, to vary Record the values of y°. Y1, h
 Data sheet for Sluice Gate and hydraulic jump
Q (Fixed) = 42 L / Min

b = 7.6 cm
HG Y1(m)(1) Y2(m)(2) Y3(m)(3) A2(m2)(4) Vact(5) Vtheo(6) Cv(7) Cc(8) Cd(9) Fg(10) Fa(11)
0.01 0.173 0.0075 0.05 5.7*10-4 1.228 0.3836 3.2014 0.75 2.4011 10.3136 9.9044
-4
0.012 0.143 0.009 0.048 6.8*10 1.023 0.4202 2.4354 0.75 1.8266 6.9215 6.3973
0.014 0.096 0.0105 0.04 7.98*10-4 0.877 0.4539 1.9326 0.75 1.4495 2.8476 2.5066
0.016 0.069 0.012 0.036 9.12*10-4 0.768 0.4852 1.5818 0.75 1.1864 1.2773 1.0471

Y3/Y2 Y3/Y2
V2(12) V3(13) exp(14) Theo(15) Nf2(16) Nf3(17) E2(18) E3(19) ∆E(20) Fs2(21) Fs3(22)
1.228 0.184 6.667 5.922 4.527 0.263 0.084 0.052 0.032 0.881 1.061
1.023 0.192 5.333 4.396 3.444 0.28 0.062 0.05 0.012 0.747 0.993
0.877 0.23 3.81 3.397 2.733 0.368 0.05 0.043 0.007 0.655 0.758
0.768 0.256 3 2.703 2.237 0.431 0.042 0.039 0.003 0.591 0.662

Fill the table and make sample calculation.

1.Plot a curve of Energy(E)vs. Depth(Y).
2. Describe the main usage of the hydraulic jump according to Col.
(18) and col. (19) and mention some of the hydraulic Jump
applications?

Its main usage is to dissipate water energy

1/ rapidly flowing water transitions in a stationary jump to slowly moving
water
2/ used to dissipate or destroy the energy of water where it is not needed
otherwise it may cause damage to hydraulic structures

3. Are the experimental value of (Y3/Y2) col. (14) and calculated

ones col. (15) the same? If Not state, why?

No, because of the errors in the experiment such as that water is not
distilled, errors in taking reading of y3 and y2, and rounding number

4. Comparison of specific forces in col. (21) and col. (22).

They are close, but fs3 is higher than fs2 the difference between them is
due to errors

5. From your Plot, what's the corresponding critical depth and the
critical Energy? And compare it to the calculated value.

Yc = 0.012m
Ec = 0.035
Yc (theo) = ((q2)/ ((gb2)) 1/3 = 0.0205m
E (theo) =Yc + V2/ (2g)
V = Q/ (Yc*b) = 0.4432 m/s
B = 0.076m
Q = 7*10-4 m3/sec
Ytheo > Yc
Ec > Etheo
Sample Calculation:

A2 = b*y2 = 0.076*0.0075= 5.7*10-4 m2

Vact = Q / (b*y2) = (7 * 10-4)/ (0.076*0.0075) = 1.288 m/s
Vtheo = (2g*y2)0.5 = (2g*0.0075)0.5 = 0.3839 m/s
Cv = Vact / Vtheo = 1.228/0.3839 = 3.2014
Cc = y2 / Hg = 0.0075/ 0.01 = 0.75
Cd = Cc * Cv = 0.75*3.2014 = 2.4011
V2 = Q / (b*y) = (7 * 10-4)/ (0.076*0.0075) = 1228 m/s
V3 = Q / (b*y) = (7 * 10-4)/ (0.076*0.05) = 0.263 m/s
(Y3/Y2)Exp = 0.05/0.0075 = 6.667
Fg = (0.5* γw*b*y12 * ((yo/y1)2-1)) – (((d*Q2)/ (by1))*(1-(y1/yo)))
= (0.5* 9810*0.076*0.00752 * ((0.173/0.0075)2-1)) – (((1000*(7*10-4)2)/(0.076*0.0075))*(1-
(0.0075/0.173))) = 10.3136
Fa = 0.5* γw*b*(yo-Hg) 2 = 0.5*9810*0.076*(0.173/0.01)2 = 9.9044
Nf2 = V2 / (g*y2)0.5 = 1.228 / (9.81 * 0.0075)0.5 = 4.527
Nf3 = V3 / (g*y3)0.5 = 0.184 / (9.81 * 0.05)0.5 = 0.5134
(Y3/Y2) theoretical = (0.5*(1+ (8* 4.5272)) 0.5 – 1) = 5.922
E2 = y2 + (V22/ (2*g)) = 0.0075+ (1.2282/ (2*9.81)) = 0.084
E3 = y3 + (V32/ (2*g)) = 0.05+ (0.1842/ (2*9.81)) = 0.052
∆E = E1 – E2 = 0.084 – 0.052 = 0.032
Fs2 = (0.5 * γw * b*y22) + (d*V2*Q) = (0.5*9810*0.076*0.00752) + (1000*1.228*7*10-4) = 0.881
Fs3 = (0.5 * γw * b*y32) + (d*V3*Q) = (0.5*9810*0.076*0.052) + (1000*0.184*7*10-4) = 1.061

Conclusion:
From experiment conducted in lab, still found lacking of perfect result. The recommendations below
are some of the improvements that can be carried out for further study. Variety study scope such as
variable position sluice gate to see the effect against changing of flow found. The data which
conducted should be more and sufficient to find the best flow profile specially to get curve shape as
required. As for continuous study, suggest that, to get the flow profile through bigger amount of flow
rate and opening of sluice gate than the amount of this study. Other than blocking structure i.e. boxes,
pillar and bends put it in front of sluice gate can be suggested to see the changing of flow depth.
Design sluice gate and open channel model can be modified from square to triangle or trapezium.