UNIVERSITY OF GUYANA

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

COURSE CODE / NAME: CVNG 4115 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING II

TUTORIAL SHEET II – FRAMES

Analyze the frames shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 assuming the members to be axially rigid and
neglect shear deformations.

50 kN/m 100 kN
C
B E
EI EI
5 kN/m

5m
1.5 EI
6m

1.5EI

6m D 6m
A

Fig. 1 – Rigid Frame E I = 350 x 106 kNmm2

Q.2

100 kN 50 kN/m
kN

B EI EI
D F
5 kN/m

1.5 EI
4m

5m

1.5 EI
6m

1.5EI
E
C
A 6m
6m

6 2
Fig. 2 – Rigid Frame E I = 350 x 10 kNmm
SOLUTIONS Q.1

50 kN/m 100 kN
C
B E
EI EI
5 kN/m

5m
1.5 EI
6m

1.5EI

6m D 6m
A

Fig. 3 – Rigid Frame

E I = 350 x 106 kNmm2
Member 1
d2y=
0
0 87.5  d1x  0 
d2z= D1
 f1x   29.167 0 87.5 29.167
 f   0  
d2x= D4
 1y  0 0 0 0 0   d1y  0 
 
[1]  f1z   87.5 0 350 87.5 0 175   d1z  0 
   10   
3

f 2x  F4   29.167 0 87.5 29.167 0 87.5  d 2x  D4 
d1y=
0 d =0
 f 2y   0 0 0 0 0 0   d 2y  0 
1z
     
d1x= 0  f 2z  F1   87.5 0 175 87.5 0 350   d 2z  D1 

Condensed form,  F4  3
29.167 87.5  D4 
 F  =10  87.5 350   D 
 1   1
Member 2

d1y= 0 d2y= 0

d1x= D4
d2z= D2
 f1x  F4  0 0 0 0 0 0   d1x  D4 
f  0 d  0 
58.333 
d1z= D1
 1y  19.444 58.333 0 19.444  1y 
[2] d2x= D4  
 f1z  F1  3 0 58.333 233.333 0 58.333 116.667   d1z  D1 
   10    
f2x  F4  0 0 0 0 0 0  d 2x  D4 
 f2y  0 19.444 58.333 0 19.444 58.333  d 2y  0 
     
 f2z  F2  0 58.333 116.667 0 58.333 233.333  d 2z  D2 
Condensed form,

 F4  0 0 0 0   D4 
F  0 233.333 0 116.667 D 
 1   103    1
 F4  0 0 0 0   D4 
     
 F2  0 116.667 0 233.333  D2 
Member 3
 f1x   50.4 0 126 50.4 0 126  d1x  0 
 f   0  
0 0   d1y  0 
D2y= 0
 1y  0 0 0
D2z= D2  
 f1z   126 0 420 126 0 210   d1z  0 
   10   
3
D2x= D4 
f 2x  F4   50.4 0 126 50.4 0 126  d 2x  D4 
[3]  f 2y   0 0 0 0 0 0  d 2y  0 
     
 f 2z  F2   126 0 210 126 0 420   d 2z  D2 
D1y= 0
D1z= 0
D1x= 0

 F4  3
50.4 126   D4 
Condensed form,  F   10  126 420  D 
 2   2
 Member 4
d1y= 0
d2y= 0
d1x= d2z=
D4 D3
d1z= D2
[4] d2x= D4  f1x  F4  0 0 0 0 0 0   d1x  D4 
f  0 d  0 
 1y   19.444 58.333 0 19.444 58.333   1y 
 f1z  F2  0 58.333 233.333 0 58.333 116.667   d1z  D2 
   103    
f 2x  F4  0 0 0 0 0 0  d 2x  D4 
f  0 19.444 58.333 0 19.444 58.333 d  0 
 2y     2y 
 f 2z  F3  0 58.333 116.667 0 58.333 233.333  d 2z  D3 
Condensed form, Condensing:
F4  0 0 0 0   D4 
F  0 233.33 0 116.67   D 
 2    2
F4  0 0 0 0   D4 
    
 F3  0 116.67 0 233.33  D3 
Assembling the global stiffness matrix [K]

 583.33 116.667 0 87.5 

116.667 886.667 116.667 126 
 K   10 
3 

0 116.667 233.333 0 
 
 87.5 126 0 79.167 

Assembling the global external force vector [F]:

-225 kNm 225 kNm -75 kNm 75 kNm

15 kN
150 kN [2] [4]
150 kN 50 kN 50 kN
15 kN
15 kNm

[1] [3]

15 kN

15 kNm
(a) Free-body diagrams of members

wl2 5(6) 2
Member 1  FEM=    15 kNm
12 12
wl2 50(6) 2
Member 2  FEM=     (150) kNm
12 12
Pl 100  6 
Member 3  FEM=     75
8 8
wl2 50(6) 2
FEM=    150 kNm
12 12
Global Force vector  F becomes
F1  (15  150)  135 kNm
F2  (150  75)  75 kNm
F3  (75) kNm
F4  15 kN
135 
 
3  75 
 F  10  
75
 
 15 

The Structure force-displacement relationship is

  F =  K  D

135   583.33 116.667 0 87.5   D1 

 75 116.667 886.667 116.667 126  D 
103   =103    2
 75  0 116.667 233.333 0   D3 
     
 15   87.5 126 0 79.167   D4 

Expressing in the form  D =  F K 1

1
 D1  135   583.33 116.667 0 87.5 
 D   75 116.667 886.667 116.667 126 
 2    
 D3   75  0 116.667 233.333 0 
    
 D4   15   87.5 126 0 79.167 

Solving for displacements,

 D1   0.2392  rad
 D   0.0892  rad
 2= 
 D3   0.2768 rad
   
 D4   0.067  m
 135 {P}
-75
-75
15

0.0020584 7.409E-05 -3.7E-05 -0.00239

7.409E-05 0.0015955 -0.0008 -0.00262 [K] Inverse
-3.7E-05 -0.000798 0.004685 0.001311
-0.002393 -0.002621 0.001311 0.019448

0.2392149 D1
-0.089151 D2
-0.276852 D3 {D}
0.0669684 D4
Q.2

y
1 2 3
4 4 4

[2] (2) [3] (4) [5]

(5)
(3)

(1)
[6]

[4]

[1]

x
Coordinate System ( ) members [ ] joints

DOFs = 4 (2 rotations + 1 side sway at joints 2 and 3 + 1 displacement at joint 4)

Member Properties
 12EI 2 12EI 6EI 12EI 2 12EI 6EI 
 L3 m  lm  m  m lm  m
L3 L2 L3 L3 L2
 
The member force-displacement relationship is in the form;   12EI lm 12EI 2
l
6EI
l
12EI
lm
12 EI
 3 l2
6EI 
l
 L3 L3 L2 L3 L L2 
f   k d  6EI
  2 m 6EI
l
4EI 6EI
m
6EI
 2 l
2EI 
 k    L L2 L L2 L L 

The member stiffness matrix in global coordinates is given by: 12EI 12EI 6EI 12EI 2 12EI 6EI
 3 m2 lm m m  3 lm m 
 L L3 L2 L3 L L2 
 12EI 12EI 6EI 12EI 12EI 2 6EI 
 3
lm  3 l2  2 l  3 lm l  2 l
 L L L L L3 L 
 6EI 6EI 2EI 6EI 6EI 4EI 
  L2 m L2
l
L L2
m  2 l
L L 

12EI 6EI 4EI 2EI

Member Jt 1 Jt2 x1 x2 y1 y2 l m L Factor EI L2
L3 L L
m m m m m (kNm^2) (kNm^-1) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
[1] 1 2 0 0 0 6 0 1 6 1.5 350 29.167 87.500 350.000 175.000
[2] 2 3 0 6 6 6 1 0 6 1 350 19.444 58.333 233.333 116.667
[3] 4 3 6 6 1 6 0 1 5 1.5 350 50.400 126.000 420.000 210.000
[4] 3 5 6 12 6 6 1 0 6 1 350 19.444 58.333 233.333 116.667
Member 1

d2y=

0 87.5  d1x  0 
0
d2z= D1  f1x   29.167 0 87.5 29.167
 f   0  
 1y  0 0 0 0 0   d1y  0 
d2x= D4  
 f1z   87.5 0 350 87.5 0 175   d1z  0 
   10   
3
[1] 
f 2x  F4   29.167 0 87.5 29.167 0 87.5  d 2x  D4 
d1y=  f 2y   0 0 0 0 0 0   d 2y  0 
0 d =0      
 f 2z  F1   87.5 0 175 87.5 0 350   d 2z  D1 
1z

d1x= 0

Condensed form,  F4  3
29.167 87.5  D4 
 F  =10  87.5 350   D 
 1   1
Member 2

 f1x  F4  0 0 0 0 0 0   d1x  D4 
d1y= 0
f  0 d  0 
58.333 
d2y= 0
d1z= D1
 1y  19.444 58.333 0 19.444  1y 
d2z= D2
 
d1x= D4
d2x= D4  f1z  F1  3 0 58.333 233.333 0 58.333 116.667   d1z  D1 
   10    
f2x  F4  d 2x  D4 
[2]
0 0 0 0 0 0 
 f2y  0 19.444 58.333 0 19.444 58.333  d 2y  0 
     
 f2z  F2  0 58.333 116.667 0 58.333 233.333  d 2z  D2 
Condensed form,
 F4  0 0 0 0   D4 
F  0 233.333 0 116.667   D 
 1   103    1
 F4  0 0 0 0   D4 
Member 3      
 F2  0 116.667 0 233.333  D2 
D2y= 0

D2z= D2

D2x= D4  f1x   50.4 0 126 50.4 0 126  d1x  0 

 f   0  
 1y  0 0 0 0 0   d1y  0 
[3]  
 f1z   126 0 420 126 0 210   d1z  0 
   10   
3

D1y= 0
 2x 4 
f  F  50.4 0 126 50.4 0 126  d 2x  D4 
D1z=0  f 2y   0 0 0 0 0 0  d 2y  0 
D1x=0      
 f 2z  F2   126 0 210 126 0 420   d 2z  D2 

 F4  3
50.4 126   D4 
Condensed form,  F   10  126 420  D 
 2   2
 Member 4

d1y= 0
d2y= 0
 f1x  F4  0 0 0 0 0 0   d1x  D4 
f  0 d  0 
d2z= D3
 1y  19.444 58.333 0 19.444 58.333   1y 
 
d1z= D2
[4]
 f1z  F2  3 0 58.333 233.333 0 58.333 116.667   d1z  D2 
  10
d2x= D4
  
d1x= D4
 
f 2x  F4  0 0 0 0 0 0  d 2x  D4 
 f 2y  0 19.444 58.333 0 19.444 58.333  d 2y  0 
     
 f 2z  F3  0 58.333 116.667 0 58.333 233.333  d 2z  D3 
Condensed form,
 F4  0 0 0 0   D4 
F  0 233.333 0 116.667  D 
 2   103    2
 F4  0 0 0 0   D4 
     
 F3  0 116.667 0 233.333  D3 
Member 5

D2y= 0

D2z=
D3
D2x=
 f1x   98.438 0 196.875 98.438 0 196.875  d1x  0 
 f   0  d 0 
D4
 1y  0 0 0 0 0   1y 
[5]  
 f1z   196.875 0 525 196.875 0 262.5   d1z  0 
   10  
3
 
D1y= 0 f 2x  F4   98.438 0 196.875 98.438 0 196.875  d 2x  D4 
D1z=0  f 2y   0 0 0 0 0 0   d 2y  0 
D1x=0      
 f 2z  F3   196.875 0 262.5 196.875 0 525   d 2z  D3 

 F4  3  98.438 196.875  D4 
Condensed form,  F   10 196.875 525   D3 
 3 

Assembling the global stiffness matrix [K]

 583.33 116.667 0 87.5 

116.667 886.667 116.667 126 
 K   103  
 0 116.667 758.333 196.875
 
 87.5 126 196.875 178.005
Assembling the global external force vector [F]:

-225 kNm 225 kNm -150 kNm 150 kNm

15 kN
50 kN [2] [4]
15 kNm 50 kN 150 kN
150 kN
15 kN
[5]

[1] [3]

15 kN

15 kNm
(b) Free-body diagrams of members

Member 1
wl 2 5(6) 2
FEM=    15 kNm
12 12
Member 2
Pl wl 2 100(6) 50(6) 2
FEM=       (75  150)  225 kNm
8 12 8 12
Member 4
wl 2 50(6) 2
FEM=    150 kNm
12 12
Global Force vector  F becomes
F1  (15  225)  210 kNm
F2  (225  150)  75 kNm
F3  (150) kNm
F4  ( 15)  15 kN
 210 
 
3  75 
 F  10
 150
 
 15 
The Structure force-displacement relationship is

 F =  K  D

 210  583.333 116.667 0 87.5   D1 

 75  116.667 886.667 116.667 126   D 
103   =103    2
 150  0 116.667 758.333 196.875  D3 
     
 15   87.5 126 196.875 178.005  D4 

Expressing in the form  D =  F K 1

1
 D1   210  583.333 116.667 0 87.5 
 D   75  116.667 886.667 116.667 126 
 2    
 D3   150  0 116.667 758.333 196.875
    
 D4   15   87.5 126 196.875 178.005

Solving for displacements,

 D1   0.343794  rad
 D   0.13814  rad
 2= 
 D3   0.25242  rad
   
 D4   0.292227  m