B.E. (Mechanical Engineering) Eighth Semester (C.B.S.

)
Elective - II : Finite Element Method
P. Pages : 4 TKN/KS/16/7668
Time : Three Hours *0715* Max. Marks : 80
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Notes : 1. All questions carry marks as indicated.
2. Solve Question 1 OR Questions No. 2.
3. Solve Question 3 OR Questions No. 4.
4. Solve Question 5 OR Questions No. 6.
5. Solve Question 7 OR Questions No. 8.
6. Due credit will be given to neatness and adequate dimensions.
7. Assume suitable data whenever necessary.
8. Diagrams should be given whenever necessary.
9. Illustrate your answers whenever necessary with the help of neat sketches.
10. Use of non programmable calculator is permitted.
1. a) State & Explain principle of minimum potential energy. 5
b) Determine the stresses and reactions for fig. 1 (b) shown. 15

5 x 103 mm2

P1 25x103mm2
P2

50º 500

750 750
(All dimensions are in mm) Fig. 1 (b)
Take P 1 = 60 kN
P 2 = 70 kN
E = 200 GPa

2. a) Explain in brief the shape functions for 1-D bar (two noted) linear element. 6
b) The component shown in fig 2 (b) is subjected to rise in temperature t  80º C . Determine 14
displacement, stresses and support reactions.
Rigid plate

Steel
A Luminius P1

Steel

500 mm 800 mm
Fig. 2 (b)
Aluminum Steel
2
A  1000 mm A  800mm 2
E = 70 GPa E = 200 GPa
AL  23 106 /º C st  12 106 /º C

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3. a) Derive stiffness matrix of two dimensional Truss element. 7

b) Determine nodal displacement matrix, stresses in each member & reactions at support for 13
the truss shown in fig 3 (b). Also comment about symmetry of the structure.

100 kN

Take
E = 200 GPa 1m
A = 200 mm2
For all members

0.5 m
50 kN

0.86 m 0.86 m
Fig. 3 (b)

4. a) Derive Hermite shape functions for beam element. 5

b) For the beam and loading shown in fig. 4 (b) 15

Determine.

i) The slopes at Nodes 2 & 3 and

ii) The vertical deflection at the midpoint of the distributed load.

14 kN/m

1
3
2

1m 2.5 m

Fig. 4 (b)

Take E= 200 GPa

I = 6 106 mm4

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5. a) Consider the structure shown in fig 5 (a). A rigid bar of negligible mass, pinned at one end, 15
is supported by a steel rod and aluminum rod. A load P = 30kN is applied as shown.
i) Model the structure using two finite elements. What are the boundary conditions for
your model ?
ii) Develop the modified stiffness matrix and modified load vector. Solve the equations
for Q. Then determine element stresses.
3

Steel
A1 = 1200 mm2 4 Aluminum
E1 = 200 x 109 N/m2 1 A2 = 900 mm2
l1 = 4.5 m E2 = 70 x 109 N/m2
2
l2 = 3.0 m

1 2
2m 3m 1m

P
Fig. 5 (a)

b) Evaluate the slope functions N1, N 2 & N3 at the point 'p' for the triangular element shown 5
in fig 5 (b).

3(4,7)

4.8 )
P ( 3 .8 5 , 2(7,3.5)

1(1.5,2)

Fig. 5 (b)

6. a) A two dimensional plate shown in fig 6 (a). The thickness of plate is 10mm and elastic 15
5 2
modules E  2 10 N mm and Poisson's ratio   0.3 .
Determine the nodal displacement using plane stress condition. (Neglect body and
traction force).
600 mm 3 kN

5 kN
90º
300 mm

Fig. 6 (a)

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 b) State the significance of following matrices for CST element. 5

i) Jacobian matrix (J)

ii) Stain displacement relation matrix (B)

iii) Stain transformation matrix (D).

7. a) A composite wall consists of three materials, as shown in Fig 7 (a). The outer temperature 15
is T0  20º C . Convection heat transfer takes place on the inner surface of the wall with
T  800º C and h  25 w m2 º C . Determine the temperature distribution in the wall.

h, T  To = 20ºC
K1 K2 K3

0.3m 0.15m 0.15m

Fig. 7 (a)
K1  22 w m2 º C , K 2  35 w m2 º C, K3  52 W m2 º C , h  25 W m2 º C , T  800º C .

b) Explain about preprocessing, processing & post-processing with respect to Finite element 5
Analysis software.

8. a) Explain with examples different field of applications of FEA and their advantages to the 5
industry ?

b) Explain step by step three node element for axi-symmetric analysis of a long cylinder by 15
considering state of plain strain in the length direction of the cylinder. Elaborate all steps
clearly.

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