B.E. (Mechanical Engineering) Eighth Semester (C.B.S.

)
Elective-II : Finite Element Method

P. Pages : 4 NRT/KS/19/3664
Time : Three Hours *0710* Max. Marks : 80
_____________________________________________________________________
Notes : 1. All questions carry marks as indicated.
2. Solve Question 1 OR Questions No. 2.
3. Solve Question 3 OR Questions No. 4.
4. Solve Question 5 OR Questions No. 6.
5. Solve Question 7 OR Questions No. 8.
6. Due credit will be given to neatness and adequate dimensions.
7. Assume suitable data whenever necessary.
8. Illustrate your answers whenever necessary with the help of neat sketches.
9. Use of non programmable calculator is permitted.

1. a) Derive the stiffness matrix for one dimensional bar element defined by natural 8
co-ordinates.
2 ( x − x1 )
= −1
( x 2 − x1 )
having two end nodes with linear shape function
1−  1+ 
N1 = & N2 = .
2 2

b) A composite bar of different materials fixed at both ends subjected to uniform temperature 12
rise of 80ºC alongwith axial load applied at two points as shown in Fig. 1 (b). Determine
the displacements, stresses and support reactions.
Description Section I Section II Section III
Material Steel Brass Aluminium
Elastic constant (E) 200 GPa 90 GPa 70 GPa
 º C coefficient of thermal expansion 12  10 − 6
18  10 − 6
24 10−6
Aluminium
Steel Brass III
I II

90 P2 60mm P 3
mm 0mm

800mm 800mm 800mm

Load : P 2 = 10kN P 3 = 5kN
Fig. 1 (b)

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2. a) Determine the angle of twist at the step and the maximum shear stress in each section for 8
the stepped circular bar as shown in Fig. 2 (a) G = 80 GPa.
10kN.m

80mm
 75mm

400mm 600mm
Fig. 2 (a)

b) For the composite element shown in Fig. 2 (b) treating as one dimensional element 12
calculate
i) Nodal displacement ii) Stress in all element
Take
Est = 200GPa EBr = 100GPa
P = 5kN

Brass 50mm
Steel 80mm

Steel 50mm
P

Brass 50mm

250mm 400mm
Fig. 2 (b)

3. a) Determine the nodal displacements, and element stresses in the truss structure shown in 16
Fig (3).

60º 60º

60º P 1=5kN
P 2=5kN

Length of each Link = 1 meter

c/s area of Link = 800m2
E = 200 GPa
Fig. 3 (a)

b) Write a short note on Hermit shape function. 4

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4. Determine the nodal displacements rotation and the global and element force for the 20
beam shown in Fig. (4).
E = 200GPa, I = 2 10 −4 m 4
K spring = 200 kN m
P = 50kN

k = 200kN/m
3m 3m

Fig. (4)

5. A rigid bar of negligible mass, pinned at one end, is supported by steel rod and aluminium 20
rod. A load P = 40kN is applied as shown in Fig. (5).
i) Model the structure using two finite elements. What are the boundary conditions
ii) Develop the modified stiffness matrix and modified load vector. Calculate nodal
displacement and stress in steel rod and aluminium rod.
Steel
c/s Area = 1500mm2 Aluminium
E = 200GPa Steel c/s Area = 1050mm2
Length = 4.5meter Aluminium E = 70GPa
Length = 3meter

1m 1m 1m P = 40kN
Fig. (5)

6. For the plain strain element shown in Fig. (6), The nodal displacements are given as 20
q1 = 0.005mm; q 2 = 0.002mm
q3 = 0mm q 4 = 0mm
q5 = 0.005mm q6 = 0mm
Determine the element stresses, x , y , xy principle stress 1, 2 and angle p .
Take E = 70GPa & Poisson ratio () = 0.3 thickness = 10mm
y (5,15)
1 1 3 (25,15)

All co-ordinates
2 (15,5) are in mm
x

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7. Determine the element stresses for the axisymmetric elements shown in Fig. (7). 20
The nodal displacements for are
q1 = 0.05mm q 2 = 0.03mm
q3 = 0.02mm q 4 = 0.02mm
q5 = 0.0mm q6 = 0.0mm
Take E = 200GPa. and Poisson's ratio () = 0.30.
z

(90, 90)
3

1 2 (90, 0)
(0, 0) r
All the co-ordinate are in mm
Fig. (7)

8. a) The furnace wall shown in Fig. 8 (a) consists of 240mm of fire brick 10
k1 = 0.12W ( mmº C) . 140mm of insulation brick k 2 = 0.014 w ( mmº C) . and
250mm of red brick k3 = 0.083W ( mmº C) . The specified inner and outer
temperature are 480ºC and 120ºC. respectively. Determine the internal temperature
distribution and heat flow at start point ( q1 ) and end point ( q 4 ) .

Fire brick Insulation brick Red brick 120ºC

480ºC

240mm 140mm 250mm

Fig. 8 (a)

b) Find the natural frequency of free vibration for the bar as shown in Fig. 8 (b). Discretize 10
the bar using two element.
Take  = 7800kg m3 & E = 210GPa .

60mm

800mm
Fig. 8 (b)

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