Zambia 2008 District Profile for Isoka

At a glance Basic School

Grades Goal Actual
1-9 10-12 Value
Female Pupils 14,684 282 NIR 65%
Male Pupils 17,402 1,502 NER 119%
Survival to G9 13%
Teachers 439 95
Pupil-Teacher Ratio 74
Schools 115 4 Teacher Attrition Rate 22%
Classrooms 492 51 % Teachers Qualified 82%
Textbooks 81,861 582 Pupil-Book Ratio 1.9

ANALYSIS
Issue #1: Progress in primary school enrolment in Isoka

Indic. 1 Are children entering basic school on time?

100% The Net Intake Rate is the percentage of seven-year

olds who enter school for the first time. It gives us an
Net Intake Rate 75% idea of how many 7-year olds are entering school and
68% 65% how many are not. A higher NIR means more seven
59% 59%
50% year olds are entering school on time.

25%
65% 54% 54% The Net Intake Rate in Isoka:
0%
2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008 Has remained constant since 2005.
Is 12 percentage points above the national value.
Is 15 percentage points below the goal of 80%.
District Dist. Prov. Natl.

What is observed and why is it happening?

What action is required?

Indic. 2 Of all the children who enter school for the first time, how many are the correct age?

100% Since 2005 in Isoka:

Overage entrants have decreased by 4 percentage
Relative age of school entrants

points.
75% Properly aged entrants have increased by 4
56% 52% 53% % overage
58% percentage points.
Underage entrants have remained unchanged.

50%

What is observed and why is it happening?

25% 38% 43% 42% % ontime
38%

4% 7% 6% 5% % underage
0%
2005 2006 2007 2008

This graph shows the percentage of new school entrants

What action is required?
who are on-time (age 7), overage (older than 7) and
underage (younger than 7). A high percentage of overage
entrants means a lower NIR, but is acceptable because it
means that older children are receiving an education. Once all
the older children have been cycled through school, the
percentage of overage entrants should decrease and the
percentage of on time entrants should increase. If underage
pupils are entering in large percentages, they are taking
spaces from older pupils.
 Indic. 3 Are all basic school age children enrolled in basic school?

The Basic Net Enrollment Rate is the percentage of 150%

basic-aged (ages 7-15) children who are enrolled in basic 125% 126%
school (grades 1-9). A higher Basic NER means more 113% 117% 119%
children are attending school at the correct age. 100%
Basic NER

75%

50%
The Net Enrollment Rate in Isoka:
25%
119% 105% 103%
Has increased by 6 percentage points since 2005 0%
Is 16 percentage points above the national average. 2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008
Is 39 percentage points above the goal of 80%.
District Dist. Prov. Natl.
What is observed and why is it happening?

What action is required?

Are girls and boys enrolled in equal numbers?

Indic. 4 The Gender Parity Index is the ratio of female to
male pupils. A GPI larger than one mean there are
more females than males in school. A GPI smaller
than one means there are less females per male in
9 401 487 school. A GPI of 1 is desirable because it means
Grade 8-9
GPI: 0.79 there is an equal number of males and females in
8 421 550 school.
Gender Parity Index

7 1,567 2,080
Grade 5-7
GPI: 0.85
6 2,015 2,105
The Gender Parity Index in Isoka:
Grade

5 1,780 2,110

4 2,007 2,355 Grade 1-4

GPI: 0.94 Is within 0.1 of the national goal of 1 for grades 1-
3 2,100 2,234 9.
2
Is highest in grades 1-4, with 0.94 girls per boy.
2,262 2,240 Grade 1-9
GPI: 0.9 Is lowest in grades 8-9, with 0.79 girls per boy.
1 2,626 2,746

What is observed and why is it happening?

What action is required?

ISSUE #2: Efficiency in Isoka

Indic. 5
How many first-grade pupils will reach
The Grade 1-9 Multi Grade Survival Rate is
grade 9? the percentage of pupils enrolled in grade 1

Grade 1-9 Multi Grade Survival Rate

during the current school year who are
100% expected to reach grade 9, no matter how many
years It is estimated using data from a single
year. A higher survival rate means more pupils
75% are expected to reach grade 9 and less drop
out.

50%
The Grade 1-9 Multi Grade Survival Rate in
Isoka:
25%
18% 19% 20%
13% Has decreased by 4.66446163991587
13% 26% 34% percentage points since 2005.
0% Is 21 percentage points below the national
2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008 average.
Is 67 percentage points below the goal of
80%.

What is observed and why is it happening?

What action is required?

Indic. 6 Why do children in grades 5-9 drop out before completing basic school?
What is observed and why is it happening?
Marriage 27%

Economic 21%
Female

Pregnancy 21%

Other 17%

Orphaned 9%

Economic 42% What action is required?

Other 31%
Male

Marriage 10%

Orphaned 8%

Illness 7%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

The top reasons that students in grades 5-9 left school

as reported by school head-masters. Headmasters may
not always know the exact reason.
 Are some Grade 1 students less likely than others to reach higher grades of Basic School?

Indic. These pyramids compare the multi-grade survival rates for a grade 1 pupil from different education situations.
7 When one group has a lower survival rate to a particular grade, pupils from that group are less likely to reach
that grade.

In Isoka, students are less likely to stay in school through grade 9 if they are female or if they attend a rural or
community school.
10% of rural school entrants will 12% of female school entrants 0% of community school entrants will
reach grade 9 as compared with will reach grade 9 as compared reach grade 9 as compared with 17% of
76% of urban entrants. with 14% of male entrants. government school entrants.

Rural Urban What is observed and why is it happening?

Grade 9 10% 76%

Grade 8 11% 70%

Grade 7 59% 93%

Grade 6 71% 86%

Grade 5 72% 58%

Grade 4 79% 76%

Grade 3 83% 61%

Grade 2 86% 73%

Grade 1 100% 100%

100% 50% 0 50% 100%

Female Male

Grade 9 12% 14%

Grade 8 13% 16%
Grade 7 52% 69% What action is required?
Grade 6 71% 73%

Grade 5 67% 76%

Grade 4 74% 85%
Grade 3 81% 83%
Grade 2 86% 85%
Grade 1 100% 100%

100% 50% 0 50% 100%

Comm. Govt.

Grade 9 17%

Grade 8 18%

Grade 7 31% 68%

Grade 6 53% 77%

Grade 5 67% 73%

Grade 4 71% 81%

Grade 3 88% 81%

Grade 2 93% 84%

Grade 1 100% 100%

100% 50% 0 50% 100%

ISSUE #3: Are children learning?

Indic. 8 How do children perform on the Grade 7 exam?

700

600
Average G7 Exam Score

500

400

300

200

100
570 583 589 570 578 570
0
2008 2008 2008 Rural Urban Comm. Govt.

Dist. Prov. Natl. District, 2008 District, 2008

The Grade 7 Exam is designed to measure individual students' learning levels The average Grade 7
at the end of grade 7. Exams are a common measure of learning, though exam score in Isoka :
critics argue that students with a high knowledge level could perform poorly if
they are not good at taking tests.
Is 18 points lower than the
Exam scores are tabulated according to wher the test is taken rather than
national average.
where a pupil attends school. For example, if a community school pupil travels
to a government school to take the exam, then their score is recorded as a
government school score. Because of this, the Urb./Rur and Comm./Govt. Is 8 points lower in rural
scores i n the graph may not reflect learning levels properly. schools than in urban schools.

Not all grade 7 pupils sit for the exam, which means that exam scores may not Is 570 points shorter in
be representative of the learning level of all grade 7 pupils. If high achieving community schools than in
pupils take the exam and low achieving pupils avoid it, then the average scores government schools.
represent the learning level of high achievers more than that of low achievers.

What is observed and why is it happening?

What action is required?

Issue #4: How are school resources distributed in Isoka ?

Indic. 9 Are there enough basic school teachers for all pupils?
100 The Basic Pupil-Teacher Ratio is the
80 average number of basic pupils to each
78 74
Pupil-Teacher Ratio 68 71 basic teacher. A higher PTR means that
60 each teacher is responsible for more pupils.
40

20
74 62 50 The Pupil-Teacher Ratio in Isoka:
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008
Has decreased by 3 pupils since 2005.
Is 24 pupils higher than the national
District Dist. Prov. Natl.
average.
Is 54 pupils higher than the national goal

What is observed and why is it happening?

What action is required?

How are basic school teachers 100

Indic. 10
distributed by school type?
80
What is observed and why is it happening?
Pupil-Teacher Ratio

60

40

20

77 48 80 73
0
Rural Urban Comm. Govt.

District, 2008 District, 2008

What action is required?

Basic Pupil-Teacher Ratio by

School Type:

PTR in rural schools is 29 pupils

higher than PTR in urban schools.

PTR in community schools is 7

pupils higher than PTR in
government schools.
 Indic. 11 In which basic schools are pupil-teacher ratios the largest?
This page lists the 50 basic schools with the highest G1-G9 pupil-teacher ratios. The schools with the highest ratios are
listed first and have the greatest need for assistance. In a school with a PTR of 60 or less, learning is possible. In a school
with a PTR of more than 60, learning is difficult. In a school with a PTR of 120 or more, learning is nearly impossible.
Schools with high PTR's may be in need of additional classrooms and other resources as well as teachers.

Schools with the highest Grade 1-9 PTR's What is observed and why is it happening?
PTR <= 39 40-59 60-119 >= 120 Total
# Schools 8 24 62 22 116

Bundi Community School 359

Kachindu Basic 275
Chitapo Basic 248
Blessings Orphanage 197
Tubale Basic 187
Mwenikasi Community 186
Itonela Basic 184
Kapendamaji Basic 180
Vumbo Basic 174
Nachisitu Basic School 172
Chalamuka Community School 170
Kapembe Community School 165
Kaseya Basic 161
Ilunga Basic 156
Muyeleka Basic 153
Ilizya Community 150 What action is required?
Mpemba Basic 141
Ndeke Basic 131
Kampumbu Basic 128
Khuyu Basic 124
Kakoko Basic 124
Kamekela Basic 123
Chaswata Basic 119
Ipenza Community 118
Kalyamani Basic 117
Chipakama Basic 117
Mutanga Basic 112
Chikana Community 112
Tuta Community School 112
Chifunda Basic 111
Peleka Basic 111
Londamaka Basic 110
Kamimbe Community 109
Sibuyembe Community 109
Musundano Basic 108
Jombo Basic 106
Milongo Basic 106
Thendele Basic 105
Mulekatembo Basic 105
Samu Basic 102
Buluma Basic 101
Chinyansi Basic 100
Izinza Community 99
Choma Basic 98
Mutendele Community 97
Chakosamoto Basic 95
Mwenewiya Basic 93
Ndande Basic 93
Malema Community 92
Chinungu Community 92
Nkumano Community 91
Muleya Basic 90
Dambo Community School 90
Kaunga Basic 89

0 100 200 300 400

 Indic. 12 How many basic school teachers leave their posts every year? The Teacher
Attrition Rate is
40% the percentage of
The Teacher Attrition Rate teachers reported
in Isoka: to have left their
20% 22%
position in the past
13% 14% 13% year. Teachers
22% 17% 14% Has increased by 9 may have left for
Teacher Attrition Rate

0% percentage points since 2005. another teaching

2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008 Is similar to the national post, or left
average. teaching
District Dist. Prov. Natl. Is 17 percentage points altogether.
above the goal of 5%.
40% A lower Teacher
Attrition Rate
means that less
Is 19 percentage points teachers have left
20%
higher for rural teachers. their positions
Is 23 percentage points each year.
19% 36% 13% 33% 7%
0%
higher for community school
teachers.
Rural Urban Comm. Govt. Female Male Is 26 percentage points
higher for female teachers.
District, 2008 District, 2008 District, 2008

What is observed and why is it happening?

What action is required?

Are basic school teachers qualified to teach?

Indic. 13
100%
The Teacher Qualification 87%
The Teacher 79% 77% 82%
Rate in Isoka: 75%
Qualification Rate
is the percentage of 50%
teachers who are Has decreased by 4 25%
known to have a percentage points since 2005. 82% 85% 87%
teaching Is similar to the national 0%
degree, diploma, or average. 2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008
certificate. If a Is 2 percentage points avove
teacher's the goal of 80%.
District Dist. Prov. Natl.
qualification is
unknown, they are 100%
counted as unqua-
lified. 75%
Is 20 percenage points lower
for rural teachers. 50%
A higher Teacher
Is 84 percentage points lower
Qualification Rate
for community school teachers. 25%
means more 79% 99% 10% 93% 92% 78%
Is 14 percentage points higher
teachers are 0%
female teachers.
qualified to teach. Rural Urban Comm. Govt. Female Male

District, 2008 District, 2008 District, 2008

What is observed and why is it happening?

What action is required?

 Are basic school pupils' shifts long enough?
Indic. 14 The average shift duration in Isoka:

10
Is 0.57 hours shorter than the national
8
average.
Hours per shift
Is 0.05 hours longer than the goal of 4
6
hours.
4
Is 0.31 hours shorter in rural schools than in
urban schools.
2 Is 0.74 hours shorter in community schools
than in government schools.
4.1 4.4 4.6 4.0 4.3 3.4 4.1
0
Is 0.83 hours shorter than the goal of 4
2008 2008 2008 Rural Urban Comm. Govt.
hours in grades 1-4.

Shift duration is the average number of hours out of a school day that a pupil attends school. Higher values mean pupils
spend more time learning. 4-6 hours per day is recommended by the Ministry of Education. Shift duration is lower when
schools use multiple shifting.

10
What is observed and why is it happening?
8
Hours per shift

4 What action is required?

3.2 4.6 4.9 8.0

0
Gr. 1-4 Gr. 5-7 Gr. 8-9 Gr. 10-12

Indic. 15 Are there enough math books for basic school pupils?

6
5
Pupil-Book Ratio

4
3
2 N/A 1.9 1.9
1.6
1
1.9 2.4 2.6 1.8 3.5 4.8 1.7
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008 Rural Urban Comm. Govt.

District Dist. Prov. Natl. District, 2008 District, 2008

The Basic Pupil-Book Ratio is the number of What is observed and why is it happening?
primary pupils for each book. A higher Basic PBR
means more pupils share each book. This graph
uses the PBR for Math books as an indication of
the PBR across all subjects. Other subjects are
equally important and BPR's for these subjects are
available in Ed*Assist.
What action is required?

The pupil book ratio in Isoka:

Is 0.8 pupils lower than the national average.

Is 0.9 pupils higher than the goal of 1.
Is 1.7 pupils lower in rural schools.
is 3 pupils higher in community schools.
 Indic. 16 Are there enough classrooms for basic school pupils?

80
Pupil Classroom Ratio 60
52 53 51 51
40

20
51 45 46 50 73 45 45
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008 Rural Urban Comm. Govt.

District Dist. Prov. Natl. District, 2008 District, 2008

The Basic Pupil Classroom Ratio is the

average number of basic pupils for each
What is observed and why is it happening? classroom. A higher Pupil Classroom Ratio
means a larger number of pupils in each
classroom. In schools that practice multiple
shifting, the pupil-classroom ratio is not the
same as the pupil class ratio.

What action is required? The number of pupils sharing each

classroom in Isoka:

Is 5 pupils above the national average.

Is 31 pupils above the goal of 20.
23 pupils better in rural schools than in
urban schools.
similar by school type.

Indic. 17 Are basic school classrooms in permanent condition?

% Classrooms Permanent

100%

75%

50% 53%
43% 47% 48%

25%
48% 57% 70% 45% 100% 5% 56%
0%
2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008 Rural Urban Comm. Govt.

District Dist. Prov. Natl. District, 2008 District, 2008

The Percentage of Classrooms in Permanent

What is observed and why is it happening? Condition is the percentage of classrooms that
are reported to be permanent rather than
temporary or incomplete.

The Percentage of classrooms in

permanent condition in Isoka:
What action is required? Is 22 percentage points below the national
average
Is 52 percentage points below the goal of
100%
55 percenage points lower for rural schools.
51 percentage points lower for community
Issue #5: Overview of secondary schools in Isoka

Indic. 18 Are students reaching secondary school?

The Basic to
Secondary
Transition Rate is the
75% percentage of students
Basic to Secondary in the last grade of
50% N/A 54% basic school (grade 9)
46%
Transition Rate
37% who reach the first
25% grade of secondary
46% 34% 38% (grade 10). A higher
0% rate means more
2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008 pupils are being
promoted to
secondary.
District Dist. Prov. Natl.

What is observed and why is it happening?

What action is required?

Indic. 19 Are all secondary aged children enrolled in secondary school?

50%
The Secondary Net
Secondary Enrollment Rate

Enrollment Rate is
the percentage of
29% secondary-aged
25% 24%
21% 21% children who are
enrolled in secondary
21% 16% 26% school. A higher
0% Secondary NER
means more children
2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008
are attending school
at the correct age.
District Dist. Prov. Natl.

What is observed and why is it happening?

What action is required?

 Indic. 20 Are there enough secondary school teachers? The Secondary Pupil
Teacher Ratio is the
60 average number of
secondary pupils for
40
Secondary PTR each secondary
26 teacher. A higher
20 18 17 19
19 18 19 Secondary PTR
0 means that each
2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008 teacher is responsible
for more pupils.
District Dist. Prov. Natl.

What is observed and why is it happening?

What action is required?

Indic. 21 Are there enough secondary school classrooms?

The Secondary Pupil
60 Classroom Ratio is the
47 45 average number of
40 37 37
Secondary PCR

secondary pupils for

20 each classroom. A
37 40 39 higher Pupil Classroom
0
Ratio means a larger
2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008 number of pupils in
each classroom.
District Dist. Prov. Natl.

What is observed and why is it happening?

What action is required?

Indic. 22 Are there enough secondary school math books? The Secondary Pupil-
Book Ratio is the number
4 of primary pupils for each
2.6 book. A higher
2 N/A 2.1 Secondary BPR means
Secondary PBR

2.6 2.4 2.5 more pupils share each

0 0.0 book. This graph gives the
2005 2006 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008 BPR for Math books, but
ratios for the other
District Dist. Prov. Natl.
subjects are equally
important.

What is observed and why is it happening?

What action is required?