What I Know

Multiple Choice: Select the letter of your best answer.

1. What font is best suited for the contents of a printed book?

A. Serif font B. Sans Serif font
C. Decorative font D. All of the choices

2. It is the type of font that looks like handwriting.

A. Serif font B. Sans Serif font
C. Script font D. Times New Roman font

3. It is a design principle of text that suggest of using contrasting size and colors to
present different value of information.
A. Alignment B. Emphasis
C. Appropriateness D. Consistency

4. Observe the image below and find the possible violation of the design principles and
elements of texts.
A. The colors are not emphasized to match the theme.
B. The fonts used are not appropriate for the theme.
C. The alignment is inconsistent.
D. The spacing is too close.

5. Your friends asked you to make a poster about peace, what background color is best
suited for this theme?
A. Black B. Yellow
C. Blue D. Green

6. A Visual Design Principles and Elements that suggest to always distribute the visual
weight of objects, colors, texture, and space.
A. Size B. Focal Point
C. Rhythm D. Balance

7. Which file externsion is an example of an audio file?

A. .mp3 B. .mp4
C. .wmv D. .flv

8. It is the process of making a visual sketch for the possible scenes of a film or video.
A. Scripting B. Storyboarding
C. Cinematic Techniques D. Visual Effects

9. Which is NOT a strong basis to evaluate a video as academic source for your
research?
A. Good Visual Effects B. Timeliness

2
C. Authority D. Reliability

3
 10. Producing a motion picture through manually drawing each frame by hand is called
A. Stop Motion Animation B. Computer Generated Image
C. Traditional Animation D. Virtual Reality

11. What camera angle is best suited to introduce a powerful politician for your film?
A. Low Angle Shot B. Long Angle Shot
C. Establishing Shot D. Dutch Angle Shot

12. What camera angle is used to disorient the audience through tilting the camera to
emphasize confusion or tension of the scene.
A. High Angle Shot B. Long Angle Shot
C. Establishing Shot D. Dutch Angle Shot

13. Which of the following is an example of social media?

A. Facebook B. Twitter
C. Instagram D. All of the choices

14. A type of multimedia that allows users to interact with text, graphics, sound, and video.
A. Interactive Applications B. Text Media
C. Motion Capture D. None of the choices

15. A type of media that is connected to the internet and maintains one or more pages on
the World Wide Web.
A. Website B. Media Player
C. Motion Media D. Multimedia Presentation

Lesson
Text Information and Media
1
What’s In

Photo by Marten Bjork on Unsplash

4
 People Media utilizes texts most of the time to deliver their messages, this is no
surprise since we can find texts anywhere, from books, television shows, websites,
billboards, newspapers, t-shirts or even in the sand if someone decides to write something
on the beach.
This lesson will discuss what is text and how this media can be used effectively to
present our ideas and express what we feel. The topics include different font types, and
design principles and elements of text.

What I Need to Know

The great 1st century Roman orator, Quintilian, once wrote that
“After you have chosen your words, they must be
weaved together into a fine and delicate fabric”.
Quintilian’s metaphor can now the observed everywhere as we write and record our
words through texts in different platforms.
Texts are words in written, printed or on-screen format. It is a very powerful tool for
communication and information.

Did you know? The Latin for fabric is textum.

What’s New

Activity 1.0: Imagine This

You receive a text from an unknown number:

5
 This is your mother, I lost my phone and I need to call you. Please load this
number for at least 200.00. I don’t have much time. This is an emergency!

Wonder at this: As you read the text above:

1. How do you feel about the message?
Describe what you feel about the text message like alarmed, disturbed, encouraged, its
formality, or how genuine the message is.
2. What could be the reason that others might believe this message and follow what the
message instructed them to do?

Activity 1.1: Mapping

Roam around your house and look for the things in the list below. Check (✔) the box
(☐) in the right if you think the object can be used to write, print or display texts. You may
add your own list.

Task 1.1 Checklist

✔ (Example )Television Notebook Paper
Poster
Radio Book Newspaper Magazine Journal Pen
Smartphone
Wall
Tarpaulin
Computer
Wood

Texts are the words in written or printed format. Today, it can also be found on screens like TV and
smartphones.

6
7
 What Is It

Activity 1.2: Find a Match

Find any printouts (like magazines and newspapers) that will match each type of font
and stick a sample in the space provided in the right. Please describe your example of how it
was used.

Task 1.2 Find a Match

Typeface Sample

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serif#/media/File:Times_New_Roman_ sample.svg
SERIF fonts have each character with small extra strokes at the end
of the vertical and horizontal stroke.
Use: for formality and its readability in any texts that printed in
small sizes like books and letters.
Examples: Times New Roman, Georgia, Rockwell How your sample
Serif font was used?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sans-serif#/media/File:Helvetica.svg SANS SERIF

fonts do not have serifs. Unlike the classical serif fonts, sans serifs
are new or modern.
Use: for elegance and its readability in any on-screen display like
monitors and portable computers.
Examples: Arial, Impact, Calibri
How your sample Sans Serif font was used?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Script_typeface#/media/File:Cursive.svg
SCRIPT fonts are styles that mimics handwriting.
Use: for stylistic presentation of texts like weddings and
memories.
Examples: Brush Script, Lucida Handwriting, Comic Sans

How your sample Script font was used?

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Jim_Crow
_ sample.png
DECORATIVE fonts have extreme features or exaggerated
serifs designed to fit into a theme or emotion.
Use: Titles, headlines
Examples: Chiller, Curlz MT, Jokerman

How your sample Script font was used?

 Below are the Design Principles and Elements of Text. Let us understand each.

1. Emphasis – Use different size, weight, color, contrast and orientation to present texts
with greater value.

Image: “Yay! Party!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

2. Appropriateness – Using the right font, content and tone of presentation based on
the target audience or event.

Image: “Congrats!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

3. Space – Use space to create focus and strategically make other texts stand-out.

Image: “Largest!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

4. Alignment –Use text alignment to set symmetry, formality or free style.

Image: “Felipenas!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

 5. Consistency –Use at least 2 or 3 colors, font styles and design styles for the whole
composition or content.

Image: “Free hugs!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

What’s More

Texts in digital format have different designs called Typeface, often called as fonts. It
consists of alphabets, numbers and special characters set.

Activity 1.3: Guess the Text

Explain each image if did or did not follow the design principles and elements of texts.

Task 1.3 Explanation

1. (Explain here)

2. (Explain here)
3. (Explain here)

What I Have Learned

Text, when used properly, is a powerful tool for communicating information,

persuasion and suggestion. Texts can be observed in formal platforms like newspapers,
books, magazines, advertisements and anything printed or informal platforms like online
blogs, e-mails, text messages, social media and anything on-screen.
Presenting information through fonts also require understanding of the different types
of fonts and design principles and elements of text.

What I Can Do

There are many type of file formats of fonts we can install in our computer. Search
the difference of True Type Font (.ttf), Open Type Font (.otf), Web Open Font Format
(.webm), and Scalable Vector Graphics (.svg).
 Lesson
Visual Information and Media
2
What’s In

Photo by Marten Bjork on Unsplash

Psychologist Richard Gregory proposed that how we see things involves a lot of
hypothesis testing to make sense of it. We based our perceptions on past experiences and
stock knowledge.
In the previous lesson, we learned about Texts Information Media, in this lesson, we
will learn Visual Information and take advantage to its potential for relaying or understanding
messages by identifying the types of visual information and observe the design elements
and principles.

What I Need to Know

Looking at the image at the right, even though

we can only see some blobs, our brain is hardwired to
give meaning to the image, like a woman’s face. If you
also look closely, we can observe a saxophone player,
telling you this will alert your brain to look for any
resemblance of that pattern.
Gregory believes that our brains perceive
things by adding meaning based on what it expects
and past experiences.
Image Source: http://openpsyc.blogspot.com/2014/06/bottom-
up- vs-top-down-processing.html
 What’s New

Activity 2.0: Imagine this

You see two advertisement posters with the same content, you try to decide which
poster is more convincing.

Image: “Star!” by Jay Michael A. Calipusan

Wonder at this: As you try to decide, ask yourself this:

1. Which poster is appearing as intended? The message must reflect with the visuals of
the poster.
2. Which poster color harmonious? When composing visuals, colors must be used
accordingly, it must match with the theme and at reflects reality or what you expect.

What Is It

Visual media are images or frames of images that we can construct and reconstruct
to give different meaning to it. We can observe it with photographs, videos, infographics
comics, memes and other objects that projects an image.

Activity 2.1: Interpretation

Describe the image below and give your interpretations of the image.

Photo by Alec Favale on Unsplash

 We create meaning of what we see by using different types of visual information. Let
us discover these types.

Activity 2.2: Types of Visual Information

Interpret the image from the left using the space provided in the right.
Task 2.2 Types of Visual Information
Type and image sample Interpretation
Facial Expression: We tend to analyze emotions and
actions of people by reading facial and eye expressions.

Photo by rawpixel on Unsplash

Body Language: Postures and gestures can mean more
than words. We predict people’s motives and emotions by
reading body language.

Photo by rawpixel on Unsplash

Color: Most of us give meaning to colors based on
preferences, culture, experiences and human psychology.
We might think that color blue is a masculine color and
symbol of peace. Most companies prefer blue because it
represents trust but it also means loneliness and
mourning for other cultures. (Read more about Color
Psychology)
Photo by MI PHAM on Unsplash
Environment: We observe the environment we see and
give interpretations of the situation of the people in the
environment.

Photo by eddie howell on Unsplash

Symbols: Hand gestures, icon, brand logos, landmarks,
emoji are some of the symbols that we interpret every day.

Photo by Tyler Quiring on Unsplash

 We can produce good visual media by understanding the different Visual Design
Principles and Elements.
Design Elements is the use of colors, space, texture, and other components in an
artistic representation.
Sample Image Element
Space. Using the canvas, you can use
some spaces to creatively produce stunning
and clever designs. Use spaces to make a
direct message since it creates focus to
other elements making it stand out.

Lines. Use lines to guide the viewer’s focal

point and separate objects in your design.
Use straight lines for order and neatness,
wavy lines for more movement, and zig-
zagged lines for tension or excitement.

Size. Use different sizes of your objects in

your design to show the relative importance
of objects and information.

Pattern. Designs with repeating objects

like lines and shapes forming patterns can
be aesthetically appealing giving a sense
of order to a design. Repetition is a crucial
element in branding design for consistency.
 Texture. Textures give designs a sense of
realistic effects. It can add tactility and depth.
However, use this technique in moderation as it
may overwhelm your design.

Colors. Different color sets the mood and tone of

your designs. Color have psychological impact to
us. It is very important to understand the
different meanings of each common colors
according to human perception.

All images from this table were drawn by Jay Michael A. Calipusan.

Activity 2.3: Interpret the Ads

Explain each image if did or did not execute the visual design elements properly.

Task 2.3 Design Elements

Image Explanation
1.
2.

3.
 3.

All images from this table were drawn by Jay Michael A. Calipusan adapted from different ads to fit this activity.

What’s More

Design Principles describe the ways that artists use of elements of art in a work of
art.

Sample Principle
Image
Focal Point. Make sure to make the
important objects of your design be noticeable
first by the viewer.

Contrast can make your design more visually

appealing by making other objects pop-out
from other objects of your design. Contrast
maybe the difference of two elements of your
design like black and white or thin and thick.
 Balance. Always distribute the visual weight of
objects, colors, texture, and space.

Rhythm. Using lines, you can direct the

viewers in your design. This includes vertical,
horizontal, and diagonal lines. Use this
technique to convey different motions and
emotions.

Perspective. Use this principle to provide

depth in your designs. This will give a better
view and allows the viewers to have empathy
to your message or subjects in the image.

Unity. Using all the objects consistently or

cohesively in your design that it allows the
viewers to understand the message or story
of your image.

All images from this table were drawn by Jay Michael A. Calipusan.
Activity 2.4: Interpret the Scene
Explain each image if did or did not execute the visual design principles properly.

Task 2.4 Design Principles

ImageExplanation
1.

2.
 3.

4.

All images from this table were drawn by Jay Michael A. Calipusan adapted from different image scenes to fit for
this activity.

What I Have Learned

Your knowledge of visual information and media is very crucial in the current society.
Most people are visually entertained and visually learning due to easier access of visual
media. Learning how to spot the hints and meanings of different visual designs can help you
keep up with this growing visually oriented society.
Eventually, you will have to create your own visual design, you must use elements
and objects to match with the correct design principles in order to engage your target
audience. You can communicate correctly if you apply these principles.
 What I Can Do

Infographics are graphic visual representations of information, data or knowledge

intended to present information quickly and clearly. Search and read online about The
Ultimate Infographic Design Guide: 13 Tricks for Better Designs.
Study the color guide below to help you create a meaningful infographic.

The Psychology and Meaning of Colors

from colorpsychology.org
Red: Associated with passion, love and
desire. Increases respiration rate, raises
blood pressure and enhances metabolism.
Atrracts attention and signifies danger.
Brown: Associated with reliability and
dependability, people who are reserved and
not looking to attract attention from others.
Represents maturity, predictability and
dullness.
Orange: Associated with happiness,
enthusiasm, creativity, determination, and
stimulation.
Yellow: Associated with energy, intellect,
cheerfulness and stimulates mental activity.
Indicates honor, loyalty, and connected with
cowardice.
Blue: Associated with uniqueness,
authenticity, sympathetic, compassionate,
idealistic, spiritual and sincere. Known as
the color of peace, men and sadness.
Pink: Associated with gentle love,
tenderness, vulnerability and youth. Known
as the color for women.
Green: Associated with growth, harmony,
freshness, and fertility. Known as the color
of money, good health, calmness, and
slows human metabolism.
Purple: Associated with royalty, power,
nobility, luxury, ambition, wealth, wisdom,
dignity, creativity and magic.
White: Associated with purity, viginity, light,
goddes, perfection, safety, cleanliness, and
faith.
Black: Associated with power, elegance,
formality, death, evil, and mystery. The
symbol of grief.
Gray: Neutrality, wisdom, intelligence,
futuristic, stable, dignity and maturity. Lack
of confidence and energy, depression, and
boredom. Increases sence of sophictication
and calmness.
Summary
1. Texts are written words, printed or on-screen format, a powerful tool for
communication and keeping information.
Type of fonts: Serif, Sans-serif, script, decorative
2. Text Design Principles and Elements: Emphasis, Appropriateness, Space,
Alignment, and Consistency.
3. Visual Media are images or frames of images that we can construct and reconstruct
to give different meaning to it.
Types of Visual Information: Facial Expression, Body Language, Color, Environment,
and Symbols.
4. Visual Design Principles and Elements
Design Element: Space, Lines, Size, Pattern, Texture, and Colors.
Design Principles: Focal Point, Contrast, Balance, Rhythm, Perspective, and Unity.
5. Infographics are graphic visual representations of information, data or knowledge
intended to present information quickly and clearly.
6. Audio is a sound within the range of human hearing.
Forms of Audio: Radio Broadcast, Sound Recording, Sound Clips/Effects, and Music
Audio Storage: Tape, CD, USB Drive, Memory Card, and Computer Hard Drive.
Common Audio Extensions (Formats): .MP3, .M4A, .WAV, and .WMA.
7. Audio Design Principles and Elements
Design Elemet: Dialogue, Waterfall, Sound Effects, Music, and Silence.
Design Principles: Mixing, Pace, Transitions, and Stereo Imaging.
8. Motion Picture is a series of images projected on screen in rapid succession. The
slight change of positions and movements of each image makes an illusion of motion.
Types of Motion Picture:Traditional Animation, Computer Animation, Stop Motion
Animation, Film, and Combination of Visual Effects.
9. Cinematic Techniques
Camera Shots: Extreme Long Shot, Long Shot, Full Shot, Mid-shot, Close-up, and
Extreme Close-up.
Camera Angles: Bird’s Eye Angle, High Angle, Eye-level Angle, Low Angle, and Dutch
Angle.
10. How to Evaluate a Video: Timeliness (when?), Reliability (how?), Authority (who?),
and Purpose (why? what?).
11. Script, also known as screenplay, is the text that describes the action, scenes,
camera instructions and words to be spoken by the actors.
12. Story Board describes what happens in your video by making thumbnail of images.
13. Interactive Media allows users to interact with text, graphics, sound, and video.
Different Platforms of Interactive Media: Mobile Apps, 3DTV, Video Games, Role-
Playing Games, Massively Multiplayer Online Role Playing Game, Interactive
Websites, Virtual Reality and Immersive Environments, Powerpoint Presentations,
Interactive Smart Boards, and Computer Software.

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14. Educational Games are games that are designed to help people to learn about
certain subjects, expand concepts, reinforce development, understand historical
events or culture, or assist them in learning a skill as they play.
15. Multimedia is form with the combination of any of these content forms: Text, Audio,
Still Images, Animation, Video Footage, and Interactive Media.
Types of Multimedia:
Static Media ― also known as linear media, refers to contents that lacks interactivity.
Dynamic Media ― also known as non-linear media, refers to contents that provides
interactivity with its users.
16. Multimedia Usage and Applications: Creative Industries, Education, Journalism,
and Science.
 Assessment: (Post-Test)

Multiple Choice: Select the letter of your best answer.

1. A Visual Design Principles and Elements that suggest to always distribute the visual
weight of objects, colors, texture, and space.
A. Size B. Focal Point
C. Rhythm D. Balance

2. A type of media that allows a user to connect with other devices through the internet.
A. Websites B. Media Player
C. Motion Media D. Multimedia Presentation

3. Which of the following is an example of a social media?

A. Facebook B. Twitter
C. Instagram D. All of the choices

4. It is the type of font that looks like handwriting.

A. Serif font B. Sans Serif font
C. Script font D. Times New Roman font

5. It is a design principle of text that suggest of using contrasting size and colors to
present different value of information.
A. Alignment B. Emphasis
C. Appropriateness D. Consistency

6. Your friends asked you to make a poster about peace, what background color is best
suited for this theme?
A. Black B. Yellow
C. Blue D. Green

7. Which file externsion is an example of an audio file?

A. .mp3 B. .mp4
C. .wmv D. .flv

8. What font is best suited for the contents of a printed book?

A. Serif font B. Sans Serif font
C. Decorative font D. All of the choices

9. It is the process of making a visual sketch for the possible scenes of a film or video.
A. Scripting B. Storyboarding
C. Cinematic Techniques D. Visual Effects

10. Producing a motion picture through manually drawing each frame by hand is called
A. Stop Motion Animation B. Computer Generated Image
C. Hand-drawn Animation D. Virtual Reality
 11. What camera angle is best suited to introduce a powerful politician for your film?
A. High Angle Shot B. Long Angle Shot
C. Establishing Shot D. Dutch Angle Shot

12. What camera angle is used to disorient the audience through tilting the camera to
emphasize confusion or tension of the scene.
A. Low Angle Shot B. Long Angle Shot
C. Establishing Shot D. Dutch Angle Shot

13. Which is NOT a strong basis to evaluate a video as academic source for your
research?
A. Good Visual Effects B. Timeliness
C. Authority D. Reliability

14. A type of multimedia that allows users to interact with text, graphics, sound, and video.
A. Manipulative Applications B. Text Media
C. Motion Capture D. None of the choices

15. Observe the image below and find the possible violation of the design principles and
elements of texts.
A. The colors are not emphasized to match the theme.
B. The fonts used are not appropriate for the theme.
C. The alignment is inconsistent.
D. The spacing is too close.
Lesson 1 Pre-test Multiple Choice What I
Activity 1.0: Imagine This Know
What’s New A
C
Possible answers: B
They use mobile phones, tablets and laptops to communicate B
with their friends and loveds ones through facebook, skype,
C
etc.
D
The government help Senior Citizens become media and
A
information literate through programs and projects that teach
them how to manipulate computer devices just like the DOST’s B
program on Inclusive ICT for Senior Citizen. A
They become media and information literate through attending C
to programs created by the government and through adapting A
the changes of the community with the help of their childrena D
and grandchildren. D
A
A

Lesson 2
Activity 2.0: Imagine This
What’s New
Possible answers:
Poster number 2. This poster gives the star icon some space to be noticed with the shining rays as
the complimenting background while poster 2 shows a snowflake as the background image that
distracts the main elements of the poster. Poster 2’s snowflake background does not fit with the “be
a star” texts.
Both poster uses the right color values to make the main elements readable and noticeable, but
poster 2 delivers the balance of contrast to properly separate the foreground and background.

Lesson 2
Activity 2.1: Interpretation
What’s is It
Possible answer:
A man playing music as his passion somewhere in a remote place away from his usual place. The
weather is cold and the entirety of the picture gives me the feeling of solidarity, peace, and
loneliness.