Seigfred John M.

Miranda
CHE121.1
Laboratory 1

Experiment Results

1. Solvent used = Water

Mass of the solvent = 100g
Freezing point of the pure solvent = 0oC
Solute used = Calcium Chloride
Mass of the solute = 10g
Freezing point of the solution = -5.022oC
Therefore, Depression in freezing point of the solution:
-5.022oC – (0oC) = -5.022oC
The van't Hoff factor of the solute:
−¿¿

CaCl 2 →Ca 2+¿+2 Cl ¿

i=3
The molar mass of the solute:

RT f 2 MW solvent
Kf =
∆ Hf
J kg
8.3145 [ ( 0+273 ) K ]2 0.018
molK mol
Kf =
J
−6012
mol
K ∙ kg
K f =−1.8553
mol

1000 K f iW b
MW =
Wa ∆T
1000(−1.8553)(3)( 10)
MW =
100 (−5.022)
g
MW =110.83
mol
Seigfred John M. Miranda
CHE121.1
Laboratory 1

2. Solvent used = Carbon Tetrachloride

Mass of the solvent = 100g
Freezing point of the pure solvent = -22.8oC
Solute used = Benzamide
Mass of the solute = 10g
Freezing point of the solution = -47.4oC
Therefore, Depression in freezing point of the solution:
-47.4oC – (-22.8oC) = -24.6oC
The van't Hoff factor of the solute:
When benzamide dissolve, the molecule will not dissociate to ions. Thus i = 1
The molar mass of the solute:
RT f 2 MW solvent
Kf =
∆ Hf
J kg
8.3145 [ (−22.8+273 ) K ]2 0.15382
molK mol
Kf =
J
−2669
mol
K ∙ kg
K f =−30
mol

1000 K f iW b
MW =
Wa ∆T
1000(−30)(1)(10)
MW =
100(−24.6)
g
MW =121.95
mol
Seigfred John M. Miranda
CHE121.1
Laboratory 1

Assignment:

1.  A solution of urea in water has a boiling point of 100.130 °C. Calculate the freezing point of the same
solution, Kf and Kb for water are -1.858 °C and 0.512 °C respectively.

Known:
Tb’ = 100.13oC
Tb = 100 oC
Tf = 0oC
Kf = -1.858
Kb = 0.512

Solution:
Equation 1 :T 'b−T b=K b mi
Equation2 :T 'f −T f =K f mi

T 'b −T b T ' −T f
=mi= f
Kb Kf
' '
T b −T b T f −T f
=
Kb Kf
'
100.13−100 T f −0
=
0.512 −1.858
(−1.858)(100.13−100)
T 'f =
0.512
T 'f =−0.472℃

2. A certain solution of benzoic acid in benzene freezes at 3.1 °C. What information about the number of
particles and the structure of benzoic acid at the temperature can be deduced from the above data? The
freezing point and cryoscopic constant, Kf of pure benzene is 5.5 °C,-4.90 K kg mol-1 respectively.

Known:
Tf’ = 3.1oC
Tf = 5.5oC
Kf = -4.9 K·kg/mol
i = 0.5

Solution:
∆ T =K f mi
Seigfred John M. Miranda
CHE121.1
Laboratory 1
∆T
m=
Kf i
3.1−5.5
m=
−4.9 (0.5)
m=0.9796

The solution starts out with 0.9796 mol of benzoic acid per kilogram of solvent. However, as evident in its
van’t hoff factor, benzoic acid will self-associate in the solution, halving the number of moles. It is also
possible that the particles, other than self-associating, may have agglomerated.

3. Determine the molecular weight of non-volatile solute (Camphor) by cryoscopically using Carbon
tetrachloride as the solvent. Kf = -29.8 (°C/(mol kg-1)), i = 1, WA = 15 g ,WB = 5 g.

Known:
Kf = -29.8 °C/(mol kg-1)
i=1
WA = 15 g
WB = 5 g
Tf = -22.8oC
Tf’ = -88.051oC (based on
the simulation)

Solution:
1000 K f iW B
MW B=
WA ∆T
1000(−29.8)(1)(5)
MW B=
15[−88.051−(−22.8 ) ]
MW B=152.23 g/mol

4. Determine the freezing point depression constant, Kf of the solvent Carbon disulfide using Sulfur as the
solute, WA = 10 g ,WB = 2 g, MB of Sulfur =256.52 g.

Known:
WA = 10 g
WB =2g
MW B = 256.52 g/mol
i=1
Seigfred John M. Miranda
CHE121.1
Laboratory 1
Tf = -111.5oC
Tf’ = -114.486oC (Based on simulation)

(Solution to Number 4, Continuation)

Solution:
1000 K f iW B
MW B=
WA ∆T
MW B W A ∆ T
Kf =
1000 iW B
256.52 ( 10 ) [−114.486−(−111.5 ) ]
Kf =
1000(1)(2)
℃ ∙ kg
K f =−3.8298
mol

5. A solution of sucrose (molecular weight = 342) is prepared by dissolving 34.2 g of it in 1000 g of water.
Sucrose has a van‘t Hoff factor of, i = 1. Find out the freezing point of the solution in Kelvin. Kf for water is
-1.86 K kg mol-1.

Known:
MWB = 342 g
WB = 34.2 g
WA = 1 kg
i=1
Tf = 273.15 K
Kf = -1.86 K kg mol-1

Solution:
T 'f −T f =K f mi
WB
T 'f =K f ( )i+T f
MW B W A
34.2
T 'f =(−1.86 ) [ ](1)+273.15
( 342 ) ( 1 )
T 'f =272.964 K