Chea sim university of kamchay mear

kampomg cham branch

Assignment : Complement

lecturer : Oeun sa em
Prepared by
1. Puy sodaret
2. Ly dalin
3. Hou kimhong
4. Him sreyneath
Academic year: 2019-2020
 Complements
A complement is a word (or words) that complete(s) the meaning of subject or
object .There are five kinds of complements: direct objects and indirect objects,
which follow transitive verbs, object complements which follow direct objects,
subject complements, which follow linking verbs and appositive.
Or In grammar, a complement is a word or word group that completes
the predicate in a sentence. In contrast to modifiers, which are optional,
complements are required to complete the meaning of a sentence or a part of a
sentence

I. Direct Object
➢ Direct Objects, the most common kind of the four types of complements,
complement the meaning of action verb by telling who or what receives the
action.
➢ A direct object is a noun , pronoun , or group of words acting as a noun that
receives the action of a transitive verb. A direct object answers the question
what ? or whom?
Ex.
1. The pharmacist helped us . [ The pharmacist helped whom?]
transitive verb direct object
2. Jillian borrowed a book and a pencil.
transitive verb direct object
II. Indirect Object
➢ Indirect objects are found in sentences with direct objects. indirect objects
are common with such verbs as ask , bring , buy , give , grant , lend , make ,
order , promise , save , send , show , teach , and write.
E.x
1. The pizza deliveryman gave me the bill.
transitive verb indirect object direct object
III. Objective Complements
➢ An objective complement completes the meaning of the direct in sentence.
It generally modifiers or renames the direct object and comes after a direct
object. Objective complements appear with the verbs like appoint , call ,
choose , consider , declare , elect , find , judge , label , make , name , select ,
or think.
➢ An objective complement is a noun or adjective that modifies or renames the
direct object.
Ex.
1. The judge found the defendant innocent of the charges.
direct object objective complement
2. we appointed Daret the class monitor last week.
direct object objective complement
Note:
To determine whether a word is an objective complement .say the verb and
direct object and then ask what?
Like other sentence parts, objective complements can be compound.
1. The professor called the student brilliant and witty.
direct object compound object complement
2. My Mother has named me Daret and Sothan.
direct object compound object complement
IV. Subject complements
➢ Direct object, indirect object, and objective complements appear with action
verbs. Subject complements appear with linking verbs.
➢ A subject complement is a noun, pronoun, or adjective that appears with a
linking verb and tells something about the subject of the sentence.

Kind of subject complement

A. Predicate Nominatives / Predicate Nouns
➢ A predicate noun is a noun or pronoun that appears with a linking
verb and renames, identifies, or explains the subject of a sentence.
Predicate noun refers to the same person, place, thing.
Ex: He is an atheist. (the same)
B. predicate Adjective
➢ A Predicate adjective is an adjective that appears with a linking
verb and describes the subject of the sentence.
Ex: They seem happy. (Pre. Adj)
Her face looks drawn and pale. (Pre. Adj)
V. Appositive
✓ Appositive can be “Appositive and appositive phrase”.
➢ Appositive is a noun or noun phrase that rename another noun
right beside it. The appositive can be short or long combination of
words.
Ex.
1. The pet, a dog, is barking along the street.
2. The pet, a clever dog, is barking along the street.
3. The pet, a clever dog with short leg, is barking along the street.
 4. The pet, a clever dog with short leg that has black hair, is barking
along the street.
➢ An appositive phrase can occur at the beginning, middle, or at the
end of a sentence.
Ex.
1. A-hot temperature tennis player, Robbie charged his phone.
2. Daret, the class monitor of English class,is very beautiful.
3. Sithi was taking to Dalin , Sophea’s little daughter.

➢ Appositive divides into two type: Restrictive and Nonrestrictive

Appositive.

❖ Restrictive Appositive: the appositives that are necessary in order

to comprehend the full meaning of a sentence and Shout not be set
off with commas.
Ex.
1. My friend Thida likes bananas.
2. I always go for a walk with my classmate Ah chroch.
❖ Nonrestrictive Appositive: The appositives that are not necessary
to understanding the sentence. It rather provides additional
information about the noun being renamed. Nonrestrictive are set
off with comma(s).
Ex.
1. Techer saem ,The lecturer of CSUK, has a lot of money.
2. My brother’s Computer, a dark green Dell, was stolen yesterday.
References

1. https://www.slideserve.com/slade/grammar-unit-the-appositive-
and-appositive-phrase
2. Writing skills (YearIII) by lecturer Ban Thach