Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Water-logging
By
Denish Jangid
Assistant Professor
Civil Engineering Department
Water logging, Effects & its control
4. Rainfall.
After heavy rainfall rain water percolates down the
pores between soil particles under the action of gravity.
5. Floods.
Flood water spreads on the surface of soil in plains. Due
to inappropriate drainage system, this water percolates in
soil and raise water table cause waterlogging.
CAUSES OF WATER LOGGING
6. Poor water management
Sometimes farmers use their land unscientifically.
Excessive irrigation
Lack of inadequate drainage system.
Retarded growth.
Preventive Measures
Curative Measures
Preventive Measures
Controlled Irrigation.
Providing adequate surface drainage.
Allowing lower intensity of irrigation.
Reducing surface evaporation.
Not using alkaline water for irrigation purpose.
Treatment by Leaching Process
Chemical Treatment
Treatment by Mulching
Treatment by Leaching Process
Leaching is the process of extracting minerals from a solid by
dissolving them in a liquid, either in nature or through an industrial
process. In the chemical processing industry, leaching has a
variety of commercial applications, including separation of metal
from ore using acid, and sugar from beets using hot water.
Step 01.
Providing adequate sub surface artificial drainage.
Step 02.
Leaching salts from the top 3~4ft of soil to
ground water table by flooding the land.
Step 03.
Growing salt resistant crops (e.g. rice) for one
or two seasons.
Chemical Treatment
PRINCIPLE
Mixing gypsum CaSO4 (@ 1 ton/acre) with
salt effected soil in presence of water.
CaSO4+Na2CO3 ---------> Na2So4 +CaO +CO
Treatment by Mulching
Mulch is simply a protective layer of a material that
is spread on top of the soil. Mulches can either be
organic -- such as grass clippings, straw, bark chips,
and similar materials -- or inorganic -- such as
stones, brick chips, and plastic
It involves covering the effected land with a
covering of soil (Mulch) to reduce evaporation
losses.
SALT EFFECTED OR THUR SOILS
The soils in which concentration of salt is very high are called
salt effected soil or thur soil. Salt effected is a collective term
which includes saline, sodic and saline sodic soil.
It occur commonly in arid and semiarid regions, as well as
humid and sub humid regions.
Salt effected soil has
sodium,calcium,potassium,carbonates and bicarbonates.
TYPES OF SALT EFFECTED
a)Primarysalt effected soil.
b)Secondary salt effected soil.
b) Desalination.
The process of leaching of soluble salts out of
root zone is called desalination.
c) Sodication.
Sodication is the process of accumulation
exchangeable sodium in the soil which results in
the formation of sodic soil.
PREVENTION OF WATER LOGGING
lining of channels