AGRIC

ULTUR
E
SCIENC
E
PROJE
CT
ON
LEAVE
S AND
STEMS
NAME: ASHER GREAVES
FORM: 1 ROOM 2
TEACHER:
DATE: 18/2/2020
 THE
CHARACTERI
STICS OF
“STEMS HAVE MANY CHARACTERISTICS!”
TWO OF THEM ARE:
STEMS
 Support for and the elevation of leaves, flowers and fruits - This is to keep different parts
of the plant upright.
 Storage of nutrients - To keep nutrients sucked up from the roots in storage for the plant.

TYPES OF STEM

They are two types of stems:

Dicotyledonous stem- a stem in which the vascular bundle is a arranged in in ring.

Three features are:

 They have an epidermis with cuticle and multicellular stem hairs.
 A present Vascular bundle (Xylem, and Phloem)
 Endodermis is distinct as the innermost layer of the cortex.
Monocotyledon stems- a stem in which the vascular bundle is near the outside edge.

Three features are:

 Circular stem, may have depressed structures due to the presence of lateral branches.
 Have thick cuticle, single layered epidermis and epidermal hairs are absent.
 Single layered cuticularised epidermis may contain multicellular trichomes.

PARTS OF A
LEAF
LABLELLED PICTUE OF A LEAF

“THEY HAVE MANY PARTS FOR DIFFERENT USESE TO PROVIDE THE PLANT WITH
FOOD’’

TYPES OF
LEAVES
Leaves are found in many different shapes and sizes they can be put into four broad categories.
1. Leaves on Flowering Plants (Angiosperms)- a skeleton of veins with a membrane inside the
middle.

2. Leaves on Conifers-conifer leaves are mostly needle-shaped.

3. Fronds- a single large leaf that’s divided into smaller segments.

4. Leaves on Grasses- This is the sheath style, consisting of very long, slim leaves that grow
from the base of the stem and wrap around it.

Parts of the leaf

Some parts of leaf includes the Epidermis, Mesophyll, and Vascular.
Epidermis: The epidermis is found on the upper and lower leaf.
It has the functions of:
 Prevents water loss.
 Allows for gas exchange.
Mesophyll: This is found in the middle of the leaf. It has two parts the spongy and the
palisade layer.
It has the functions of:
 Spongy Mesophyll: gives space for gases needed for photosynthesis.
 Palisade mesophyll: absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
Vascular: This is found in the vein of the leaf, it is made of two main parts, the xylem and
the phloem.
It has the functions of:
Xylem: Transportation of water.
Pholem: Transportation of minerals, mostly sugar,