FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

ANALYSIS OF TRANSPORT INDUSTRY

(TPT536)

ASSIGNMENT 1:
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS)

PREPARED BY:
NURUL ADLIN LINA BINTI AZZAHAR
2019201158

PREPARED FOR:
MADAM MARHANI BINTI MOHAMED ANUAR

SUBMISSION DUE:
28 DECEMBER 2020
 Malaysian Government Roles in achieving SDGs

Many things have changed drastically in this world where it leads to the increasing
numbers of developed countries. In order to maintain the peace in the developed situation, the
United Nations has initiated Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a global plan that
was adopted by all the developed and developing United Nations’ members around the world
in 2015. This plan involved some actions to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all
people live with peace and prosperity in 2030. There were 17 goals integrated, which must
make sure all the goals reach the balance of the environment, social and economy. Every
country must be committed to fulfil the needs of their target to make the world have a better
living in future. These goals also pledge to make this world achieve some life-changes—zero
hunger, zero poverty and zero aids. In Malaysia, every party is responsible to make efforts in
order to achieve sustainable development goals in every aspect and to make sure that no one
is left behind to enjoy the wealth of this nation. 

Malaysia has started the journey a long way before and with the global plan created,
more attempts can be made by our government to increase the quality of the economy, social
and environmental. With that, the life of people in the country can be greater than before.
Through the global plan, a new agenda has been introduced that focused on Malaysia people
which is the Eleventh Malaysia’s Plan (2016-2020). This agenda played most of the
government roles in order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. It is the journey
towards the growth of people in Malaysia and it is also the national-development plan before
Malaysia completes the journey in getting the title of developed country by 2020. 

First of all, they promote inclusiveness towards an equitable society which is one of
the strategic thrusts that is really important to ensure that citizens get the benefits from
economic growth regardless of their ethnicity, socio-economy status or even their geographic
location. An equitable society is important because there are times where this issue is being
spoken up because of the inequality especially in the women labour participation. With a
continuous effort made, the female labour participation rate in this country has increased to
54 percent. Women in decision-making positions in the public sector exceeds 30 percent,
while those in top management positions in public-listed companies comprise 26.3 per cent.
This shows that the plan slowly helps to solve the issue. We also can see that it is a way of
achieving one of the goals in SDGs which is gender equality goals.
 Other than that, the government also improves the people’s wellbeing as well as
promotes healthy individuals at all ages and happy living among communities in Malaysia
without experiencing any nuisance. Ever since the 1960s, the government has made great
progress in providing quality healthcare for its people. An efficient system of healthcare is
important to fulfil the needs of the people. Strong collaboration with non-government
partners also has complemented national responses to communicable and non-communicable
diseases. 
As of 2016, Malaysia continues to show progression in healthcare for example, maternal and
child health indicators show low rates in maternal and child mortality, high immunisation
rates and more than 99 percent of births handled by skilled healthcare workers. 
Communicable diseases are also under control, with sustained efforts resulting in drastic
declines in malaria incidence and new HIV infections, as well as stabilisation of HIV-related
deaths. This can achieve one of the goals which is good health and well-being. 

Besides that, it is important to live in a clean environment so one of the plans in the
eleventh Malaysia plan is to pursue green growth for sustainability and resilience. Transport
sector is responsible for taking care of these matters because most of the pollution problem
came from transport. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are increasing at a faster rate than
any other sector worldwide. That is why the government is trying to reduce the gas emission
coming from the transport sector. Sustainable transport is being introduced in Malaysia to
slowly stop the pollution from happening. For example, electric vehicles are one of the
initiatives to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions. Recent findings have shown that several
electric vehicle features can improve safety. It tends to have a lower centre of gravity that
makes them less likely to roll over. They can also have a lower risk for major fires or
explosions and the body construction and durability of electric vehicles may make them safer
in a collision. This step is towards building resilient infrastructure, promoting inclusive and
sustainable industrialisation, and fostering innovation ninth goals. 
 
The fourth one is the step to end hunger. Sustained efforts are made to reduce the
malnutrition of children from hard-core families. A few initiatives have been undertaken by
the Ministry of Health for example, the Rehabilitation Programme for Malnourished Children
has been carried out to improve the nutritional children status aged 6 months to 6 years. Then
it was expanded to those from poor family and low-income households. Basic food supplies,
immunisation, treatment and health education are given to the children. Malaysia also is
stepping up efforts to improve self-sufficiency level in food production and preparing for the
impacts of climate-related disasters to ensure food security. These efforts resulted in a 90
percent reduction of under-nutrition cases, based on administrative data. Collaborations with
NGOs such as the My Kasih Foundation also have allowed poor families to access food and
necessities. These efforts have been the key towards Malaysia’s success in eliminating
hunger. 

Finally, to achieve the goal in conserving and sustainably using the oceans, seas and
marine resources for sustainable development, Malaysia has established 63 marine protected
areas covering 3.36 percent of the coastal and marine areas in 2016. Development in the
protected areas is guided by their own management plans, covering the conservation and
rehabilitation of the resources as well as the provision of alternative livelihoods for local
communities. Prominence also is given to maintaining the health and resilience of marine
ecosystems through the establishment of permanent monitoring stations to monitor marine
water quality and coral reef health. Likewise, initiatives have been taken to restore and
rehabilitate areas at risk of degradation and to avoid from the loss of marine habitat. A variety
of steps has been taken to continue preserving and maintaining our oceans including
enforcing zoning regulations for fishing areas.
 One Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to Transport
Sector.

One Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that I have chosen is Goal 11,
Sustainable Cities and Communities. Refer to the Goal 11 Target 2: “By 2030, provide access
to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road
safety, notable by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in
vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons. It
explains that by 2030, the transport system can be safe, affordable and sustainable for all
users. The road safety can become safer to use and it should reduce any accidents from
happening. Other than that, public transport can be safely used by the women and children
without any interruption or harassment.

A transportation system in Malaysia involves many including buses, cars, trains and
aeroplanes. The superiority of transports can be measured by their accessibility and mobility.
The highway infrastructure can be useful for the cars as most people prefer to use private
transport for their daily use. It also can be useful for buses as people that have no own
transport will use it while for the plane, we have a largest airport in Southeast Asia which is
Kuala Lumpur International Airport. Malaysia also has various public transport train types
such as Light Rapid Transit (LRT), Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), monorails and Express Rail
Link (ERL) which link KL Central with KLIA. 

The goal is important to be related with all the transportation systems in our country
as not all transport in many cities remains affordable, especially public transport which might
affect the poor people and also create social inequities. These people will think that they are
being marginalized by the party that handles the transport sector. It’s not an issue anymore
that nearly one billion people worldwide still lack access to road networks for example in the
rural area. In that area, their economic growth can be improved if the government provides
access for them. Every party needs to work together to make sure that all people can fully
experience the infrastructure built by the government not just in the urban area but also in
rural areas. They need to think on how to ensure that all people can afford to use public
transport in order to promote sustainable cities. Economically, jobs, markets, goods and other
people should relate to the sustainability of transport because it can help and support
economic development of the country and people.

In terms of social, population health can be improved by creating innovation in public

health transportation because with the innovation, it can decrease road death and accidents.
During 2016, 7152 people were killed in road accidents in Malaysia which is ranked the third
highest deadliest road in the world by the World Health Organization. Action needs to be
done to reduce this number to lower. For the safety measure, a design where public transport
systems can reduce the vulnerability of women and girls is very important to avoid from the
sexual abuse from happened while they are travelling. For example, there are train coaches
that are made specially for women used only and it is a kind of design that contributes
towards safety in the community. The emergency bell should be provided in the public train
or buses so if anything happens, the victim can use them as a sign something bad is
happening to them. 

In conclusion, we need a continuous effort from our country Malaysia to ensure the
achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) that we adopted from United
Nation’s global plan. It will take a long period in order to achieve them but with a constant
role played by government and our people, it is possible to get them one day. Our people
need increase their knowledge more regarding this matter so that we can together help the
government achieving the goals as they can help us to improve the quality of life that we are
currently living.
 References

Kennedy-Cuomo, C. (November 20). The Case for Sustainable Urban Transportation for
Malaysia. Retrieved from https://jeffreysachs.center/columns-op-eds/The-Case-for-
Sustainable-Urban-Transportation-for-Malaysia

(2017). Sustainable Development Goals Voluntary National Review 2017. Putrajaya:

Economic Planning Unit. Retrieved from
https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/15881Malaysia.pdf