GIYA

(Guided, Integrated, Yearning Activities)

for Learners
Science 5
First Quarter, Week 3, Day 1-5

MELC: Investigate changes that happen in materials under the following

conditions: S5MT-lc-d-2
presence or lack of oxygen
Objectives:
Show that materials may change in size, shape, volume and phase.
Infer that no new material is formed when physical change takes place.
Describe the changes that happen to materials with the presence or absence of
oxygen
Investigate changes that happen to materials in the presence or lack of oxygen
Explain the effects of presence of oxygen in a material.
Writer :
Arlene C. Malicay
Esperanza Elementary School
Olutanga, Zamboanga Sibugay

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I. MINI-LESSON DAY 1
Hello everyone! I’m Teacher Arlene. Today, you’re going to learn
about the changes in matter in the presence or absence of
oxygen. But before that, you need to answer first these few
items below. Let me see if you can still remember your lesson
about the Changes in Matter.
Write P if it is Physical change, and C if it is a Chemical change.
______1. Tearing of paper
______2. Chopping of vegetable
______3. Spoiling of food
______4. Boiling of water
______5. Rusting of nails
Today you are going to show that the materials may change in
size, shape, volume and phase.
Activity 1: Balloon Blowing
I. Problem: What causes the changes of the size, shape, volume and
phase of the materials?
II. Hypothesis: Oxygen causes the material to change its size, shape,
volume and phase.
III. Materials:
 4 balloons of different shapes
 Needle or any sharp material
IV. Procedure:
1. Prepare 4 different shapes of balloons.
2. Blow the balloons with different air contents (big, small or medium)
3. Observe the change in shapes and sizes of the balloon when air
was introduced into it.
Guide Questions:
1. Why do you think the balloons assumed its shape when filled with
oxygen?
______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
2. Can you control the size of the balloon? How will you do it?
_____________________________________________________
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3. What will have happened to the balloon if you are going to poke it
with a needle? Describe the result.
_______________________________________________________________
4. Based from the activity performed, what causes the changed in size,
shape, and phase of the material?
_________________________________________________________
 Is the hypothesis correct? If yes, why? If no, why?
__________________________________________________
What is your conclusion?
______________________________________________________

 The ice cube which was solid has turned into the liquid state
because of the air temperature which is warmer or colder or
when it was being blown by more air. When oxygen was blown,
the temperature in the environment was affected causing the ice
cube to melt faster.
 Oxygen is a gas. Gas is a state of matter that has no fixed
shape and no fixed volume. The presence of oxygen can also
affect the temperature of an environment resulting to a change
of phase such as an ice cube melting or from solid form to liquid
water form.

II. GUIDED/PRACTICE ACTIVITY

Now! You can try this activity.

Activity 2: Melt Me!

I. Problem: How will oxygen be an agent for the materials to change its
volume and phase?
II. Hypothesis:
The presence and absence of oxygen can affect the changes of the
volume and phase of a material.
III. Materials:
 2 Ice cubes
 Handy fan
 2 platters

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IV. Procedure:
1. Put the ice cubes in 2 separate platters.
2. Leave the first ice cube alone to melt
3. Fan the second ice cube.
4. Record the melting time of the 2 ice cubes.

Guide questions:
1. What happened to the ice cubes in the platter that was left alone.?
_____________________________________________________
2. Which of the ice cubes melted first? Why?
____________________________________________________
3. What change of phase have you observed in the two set up?
____________________________________________________
4.Based from the result of the activity, what could be the agent of
changed to the shape, size, and phase of the materials?
_______________________________________________________
-Is the hypothesis correct? ________________________________
-Therefore, what is your conclusion?________________________

III. INDEPENDENT PRACTICE ACTIVITY

Congratulations! You’re now ready for the next level.
Activity 3: Pick Me Please…
I. Problem: How can you determine the presence of oxygen in the given
examples of physical change?
II. Hypothesis: Oxygen is present when the materials will undergo
changes in their size, shape, volume and phase / state.
III. Procedure: Follow the Direction. Write your answer in the
appropriate box.

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Guide Question:
1. What will have happened to the balloon when it will be exposed to:
a. oxygen-
b. fire-
c. water-
2. What will have happened to ice when it will be exposed to:
a. wind-
b. sun-
c. fire-
3.How were you able to determine the presence of an oxygen in the
given samples in the pictures?
_________________________________________________________

 Is the hypothesis correct? If yes, Why? If no, why?

__________________________________________________
 Therefore, what is now your conclusion?
___________________________________________________

IV. Evaluation Activity

Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. What will have happened if you will put the ice cube in an open
environment?
a. It will melt c. It will turn pink in color
b. It will retain its volume and shape d. It will become bigger
2. What causes the oxygen to change the shape of a balloon?
a. Oxygen is elastic
b. Oxygen is a gas matter that has no fixed shape and volume
c. It’s because of the blows of the wind
d. Oxygen has definite shape and volume
3. Which concepts is applied when an ice cube is exposed to an
open environment?
a. Evaporation c. melting
b. Condensation d. freezing point
4. What will make the balloon explode immediately?
a. Water c. Oxygen
b. Carbon dioxide d. Fire
5. What changes occurred when ice cube melted?
a. Physical change c. No Change
b. Chemical change d. Both physical and chemical change

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I. MINI-LESSON DAY 2

Hi! Good day! How did you find our lesson yesterday? I
know you are excited to learn more. Today, I have
another activity that you need to do. Again, observe the
changes that happen in materials in the presence or
absence of oxygen. Why does oxygen change a
material’s size, shape, volume and phase?

The oxygen is a gas matter. Gas is a state of matter

that has no fixed shape and no fixed volume. The
presence of oxygen can also affect the temperature of
an environment resulting in the change of phases such
as an ice cube melting or changing from solid form to
liquid water form.
Activity 1: Do I change Color
I. Problem: What happens to materials when exposed to oxygen?
II. Hypothesis: Food materials will undergo discoloration when
exposed to oxygen.
III. Materials: banana, apple, knife
IV. Procedure:
1. Prepare all the materials neede
2. Cut the banana into half
3. Bite the apple
4. Leave it for 3-5 minutes
5. Observe any physical changes

Guide questions:
1. Did the apple change its color when bitten?
_______________________________________
2. What happens to the banana cut to halves?
_______________________________________
3. Did the discoloration disappear after some minutes? ________
 Is the hypothesis correct? If yes, Why? If no, why?
_________________________________________________

 Therefore, what is your conclusion? _______________________

_____________________________________________________
II. GUIDED ACTIVITY

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Activity 2: Know Me!

I. Problem: What causes the physical change of an object?

II. Hypothesis: No, not all physical changes are due to the presence
of oxygen
III. Materials: Worksheet and pen
IV. Procedure: Follow the direction
Direction: Separate the materials that show physical changes due to
oxygen.

Crushing a can Melting an ice cube by blowing

Breaking a glass Boiling water
Shredding paper Chopping wood
Blowing a balloon Sewing a cloth

Materials that show physical Materials that do not show

change due to oxygen physical change due to oxygen

Guide Questions
1. What happens to materials that show physical change due to the
presence of oxygen?
a..balloon- ________________________________________________
b. ice cube- ______________________________________________
2. Do all materials listed have physical changes due to the presence of
oxygen?_________________________________________
Is the hypothesis correct? If yes, why? If no, why?
_________________________________________________________
 Therefore, what is your conclusion?__________________________
________________________________________________________

III. INDEPENDENT PRACTICE ACTIVITY

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Congratulations! You’re now ready for
the next level.Let’s find out if you can
apply the concepts that you’ve learned.
Activity 3: It’s Still Me

I. Problem: How will you differentiate physical change from chemical

change?
II. Hypothesis: Physical change is the change in appearance while
chemical change is the change of a material’s composition.
III. Materials : Worksheet, pen
IV. Procedure: Follow the direction

Direction:Look closely on the different pictures below and identify

the physical change and does not create a new material. Put a check
(√)mark inside the box. Put an ( X )mark inside the box.

Guide Questions:
1. What happens to the balloon when you blow air in it?
________________________________________________
2. What happens to ice when it is placed outside of the refrigerator?
________________________________________________
3. What happens to the ingredients – flour, sugar, oil, baking powder-
when mixed together?
_______________________________________________________
 Is the hypothesis correct?_________________________
 Therefore, what is your conclusion? __________________________
_______________________________________________________

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IV. EVALUATION ACTIVITY
Direction: Read the question carefully. Encircle the letter of the best
answer.
1. What will happen when you cut a piece of banana?
a. Produces bubbles
b. Ice was formed
c. Molds grew
d. Change in color
2. What causes the apple to change its color when sliced?
A. Chemical reaction occurs when you grip the banana
B. Chemical reaction occurs when it fell
C. Reaction to oxygen
D. None of the above
3. Which of the following examples shows a physical change due to
oxygen?
a. Molding a clay
b. Blowing a balloon
c. Sharpening of pencil
d. Bending of paper clip
4. Oxygen and water are factors that can cause rusting to metals.
Which of the following objects will rust when wet?
a. A ball
b. A comb
c. A nail
d. A paper plate
5. What do we need in order to breathe?
a. Fuel
b. Carbon dioxide
c. Hydrogen
d. Oxygen

I. MINI-LESSON DAY 3

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 Can oxygen cause physical change?
Does it create a new material?
The presence or absence of oxygen can create
physical change but will not create a new
material. It does not change a material but only
affects it physically. We are going to know why?
oxygen matters when changes occur.

Activity 1: Fire out

I. Problem: Why is oxygen necessary for combustion?
II. Hypothesis: Oxygen is necessary for burning or combustion to
release heat energy.
III. Materials: 3 jars in a different size, 3 small candle with same
size, matches, timer, ruler
IV. Procedure:
1. Light one of the candles.
2. Cover it with the small jar.
3. Using a timer, record the time in seconds it takes for the
flame of the candle to be put off.
4. Measure the length of the candle after putting off the flame.
5. Repeat the same procedure using the next size of a jar up
to the largest size of jar.
6. Find out in which jar has the longest and shortest time of
putting off the flame of the candle.
7. Find out also the longest and shortest candle after burning.
8. Record your findings on the table below.

Guide Question:
1. What were the changes in the material that you have
observed when the candle was lighted?________________
_______________________________________________
2. What did you observed with the lighted candles?
___________________________________________

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 3. Why do you think the flame disappeared when the candle
was covered with the jar?____________________________
________________________________________________
4. Why do you think the lighted candle in the smaller jar put off
first than the larger ones?______________________________
__________________________________________________
5. How did you know that there was oxygen in both of the
candles when you lighted them?______________________
________________________________________________
 Is the hypothesis correct? If yes, why? If no, why?
____________________________________________________
 Therefore, what is your conclusion?
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

 Combustion is the scientific word for burning. In a combustion

reaction a substance reacts with oxygen from the air.
 Combustion reactions happened at high temperatures, and
transfer energy to the surroundings as light and heat.

II. GUIDED/PRACTICE ACTIVITY

You are going to know why oxygen

matters when changes in materials
occur.

Activity 2: Mark Me
I. Problem: What happens to materials in the presence and absence of
oxygen?
II. Hypothesis: Changes occur in the presence and absence of oxygen
like metals when exposed to oxygen rust will formed.
III. Materials: worksheet and pen
IV. Procedure:

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Follow the direction.
Direction: Fill in the boxes in the diagram below on the effect of the
presence or absence of oxygen in the materials.

Changes /Effect

Presence of Lack of oxygen

oxygen Give some examples

Guide Questions:
1. What were your examples in the diagram that shows the
presence of oxygen and the changes that occurred to materials?
____________________________________________________
2. How will the absence of oxygen can change to materials?
___________________________________________________
3. In igniting a firewood, why do you need to blow it?
___________________________________________________
4. What could be the causes why it’s difficult to build a fire in a closet
space?
____________________________________________________
- Is the hypothesis correct? If yes, why? If no, why?
_____________________________________________________
-What is your conclusion?
-Therefore, I conclude _____________________________________
______________________________________________________

III. INDEPENDENT PRACTICE ACTIVITY

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 Congratulations! You’re now ready for the next level
Let us try to determine the importance of oxygen for combustion.
Activity 3. Set Me On Fire!

I. Problem: What will happen to an iron material when it will be

exposed to an open air for quite sometimes?
II. Hypothesis: Iron materials will become rusty when it will be
exposed to air for quite sometime.
III. Materials: 2 small pieces or any available sample of an iron
material, plastic, record notebook, pen.
IV. Procedure:
1. Look for 2 small pieces or any available iron material from your
surroundings.
2. Cover 1 piece of the iron with a plastic and the other piece leave it
open.
3. Place the 2 pieces of iron exposed to air.
4. Leave the 2 set up exposed to air for a week.
5. Record the changes of the 2 set up everyday.
Guide Questions:
1. What happened to the iron material 1 after a week? Describe the
changes.______________________________________________
2. What happened to the iron material 2 after a week? Describe the
changes.______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
3. Why iron material 2 remained the same?____________________
_____________________________________________________
4. What do think causes the changed in iron material 1?
_____________________________________________________

- Is the hypothesis correct? If yes, why? If no, why?

___________________________________________________
- What is your conclusion?
____________________________________________________

IV. EVALUATION ACTIVITY:

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 1. How did you prepare the 2 set up in the activity to test for the
presence of oxygen?
A. Covered both iron material 1 and 2.
B. Placed both set up in a closed space
C. Covered 1 set up and exposed set up 2 to air
D. Both set up were exposed to air.
2.What happened to iron material 1 after a week?
A. It remained unchanged
B.It was dislocated to other place
C. There was rust on the surface of the iron
D. There was no evidence of rust.
3. What happened to iron material 2 after a week?
A. Fungi developed at the surface of the iron material.
B. There was no change at all .
C. Rust was formed at the surface.
D. There was total transformation of the iron material.
4. Why do think there was a change in the iron material?
A. Due to the presence of oxygen
B. Due to the absence of oxygen
C. Due to the presence of moisture in the space
D. Both presence and absence of oxygen
5. What is the agent of changed in iron material 1?
A. Water,force, oxygen
B. Water only
C. Force only
D. Oxygen only

I. MINI-LESSON DAY 4
Today we will continue our lesson regarding the
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presence or absence of oxygen in a material. We have
another activity to perform for you to have a better
understanding on our lesson.
Activity 1: Out with The Old in with The New

I. Problem: What causes the changes of an iron after its

exposure to oxygen and moisture?
II. Hypothesis: An iron will turn reddish brown when exposed
to oxygen and moisture after sometime.
III. Materials: new chains, rusting chain, worksheet, pen
IV. Procedure:
1. Observe the new and rusting chain
2. Compare the colors.
3. Write your observation on the table.

New chain Rusting chain

Guide Question:
1. Why does an iron/metal rust?_____________________
2. What does rust look like?_____________________
3. How can rust be prevented?____________________
4. What are the bad effects of rusting?_______________
5. What kind of change does this activity show?_________

 Is the hypothesis correct? If yes, why? If no, why?

______________________________________________________
 Therefore, what is your conclusion?____________________
______________________________________________________
 Rusting is caused by the reaction of iron with oxygen present in the
air.
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  Rusting occurs when iron is exposed to oxygen and water or water
vapor.
 Rusting is harmful because it destroys the quality of metal and also
reduces its strength.
 The best way to prevent rust is to keep the iron, water and oxygen
apart; that’s what paint does, or the spray on wax and oil coatings
that the car protection companies sell.

II. GUIDED/PRACTICE ACTIVITY

Iron when exposed to extreme environmental condition can
damage any construction and other structure.Why is this so? Here is
an activity for you.

Acticity 2: Pick Me Up
I. Problem: Why does rusting make an iron weak?
II. Hyphothesis: Rusting will make a strong iron weak by replacing it
with flaky powder upon exposure to oxygen and water.
III. Materials: Worksheet and pen
IV. Procedure:
What are the things that may rust?
A. Select from the list the things that may rust.
B. Write your responses inside the rectangular box.
Blanket coin plywood metal spoon plastic chair
electric iron door knob steel bars book kite

Guide Questions:
1. What are the things that do not rust? ________________________
2. What are the things that rust? ______________________________
3. What chemical reaction does rusting undergo?
__________________
4. How can rusting affect any building construction?_______________
________________________________________________________
 Is the hypothesis correct? If yes, why? If no, why? ____________
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_________________________________________________________
 Therefore, what is your conclusion? _______________________

III. INDEPENDENT PRACTICE ACTIVITY

Great! Very Good! And now you can proceed to

the next level. How can we protect the materials
from rusting?

Activity 2: Keep me out of Rust

I. Problem: What are the materials that rust?

II. Hypothesis: Materials that rust are made up of metal.
III. Materials: Pictures, illustration, worksheet, pen
IV. Procedure:
Direction: Eliminate one material that will rust by encircling the
picture.

Guide Questions:
1. What are the materials that rust? ___________________________
2. Do plastics rust? ________________________________________
3. Why do materials rust?___________________________________
4. How can we protect materials from rusting?___________________
________________________________________________________
 Is the hypothesis correct? If yes, why? If no, why?
________________________________________________________

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  Therefore, what is your conclusion? ________________________
________________________________________________________

IV. EVALUATION

Wow, you got it! Now here is another activity that will
measure your understanding.

Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer on the space porvided
before the number.
___1.Which of the following objects will not produce rust when
exposed to air?
A. Keys C. Plastic Straw
B. Ring D. Thumbtacks
___2. Which of the following situations is a way to prevent the rusting
of iron?
A. Leave the iron unexposed under the rain.
B. Wipe the iron with a wet cloth
C. Spray an iron with paint
D. Sprinkle it with water.
___3. What are the two factors that influence the formation of rust in
iron?
A. Presence of water and oxygen
B. Absence of oxygen and water
C. Heat and fuel
D. Presence of air and wood
___4. What change will occur when rusting is formed?
a. Chemical change
b. Physical change
c. Metal will turn white in color
d. Metal will get bigger in size
___5. What is the effect of rusting to an iron?
a. It makes the iron stronger
b. It makes the iron harder
c. It makes the iron weaker
d. It makes the iron durable

I. MINI-LESSON DAY 5

Hi! Good day! How did you find our lesson yesterday
17
why materials rust? Today, we will be having another
activity to do on the presence of oxygen materials will
Activity 1: Don’t Break Me

I. Problem: What are the changes that occur when you cut
eggplant and banana?
II. Hypothesis: The eggplant and banana will change in color upon
exposure to oxygen.
III. Materials: banana, eggplant, knife
IV. Procedure:
1. Slice the eggplant and the banana.
2. Observe and remember the appearance of the eggplant and the
banana after cutting it.

Guide Questions:

1. Were there changes after being sliced for 5 minutes?

______________________________________

1. What do you think might have caused the change?

__________________________________________
2. Which of the eggplant and the banana changed its color first?
______________________________________________

 Is the hypothesis correct? If yes, why? If no, why? ___________

________________________________________________________
 Therefore, what is your conclusion? ________________________
_____________________________________________________

 Discoloration happens in some materials when cut due to

the presence of oxygen in the air.
 Food materials are mostly sealed with outer skin; when cut
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and exposed to oxygen, materials change their physical
appearance.
Combustion is the scientific word for burning. In a combustion
II. GUIDED/PRACTICE ACTIVITY

Let’s try another activity.

Activity 2: Burn Out

I. Problem: Why does paper burn out?
II. Hypothesis:
Paper will burn out due to the presence of oxygen.
III. Materials:
2 Pieces of paper, matches, drinking glass
IV. Procedure:
1. Hold one end of the paper and burn the other end with the use of
a matchstick.
2. Cover the burning paper with a drinking glass.
3. Observe what will happen.
Guide Question:
1. What helped the paper burn faster? ____________________
2. Was there combustion that took place in the activity?
3. What happened to the paper after it was burned ?
________________________________________________
4. What happened to the flame when it was covered by a drinking
glass?____________________________________________
5. Why did the paper stop from burning?
________________________________________________

 Is the hypothesis correct? If yes, why? If no, why?

____________
________________________________________________________
 Therefore, what is your conclusion?
_________________________
_____________________________________________________
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III. INDEPENDENT PRACTICE ACTIVITY

Congratulations! Job well done! Here is another

A.
activity for you to do. This will surely sharpen
your mind. Think positive and make yourself
proud. Good luck!

Activity 3: The Effect of Oxygen

I. Problem: Which of the materials shows physical or chemical

effect in the presence of oxygen?

II. Hypothesis: Food materials show more chemical changes.

III. Materials:
 banana,
 apple,
 sweet potato,
 paper,
 small pieces of cloth,
 small pieces of wood

IV. Procedure:
1. Cut every material listed aboved, leave it for at least 3 minutes.
2. Record any changes that occur.
3. Separate which materials that show more physical/chemical
changes

Guide question:
1. What have you observed in the non-food materials?__________
___________________________________________________
2. What happened to the food materials?
_____________________
3. Why do you think the food materials changed their color?_____
__________________________________________________
 Is the hypothesis correct? If yes, why? If no, why?
____________
________________________________________________________
 Therefore, what is your conclusion?
____________________________________________________

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IV – Evaluation Activity

Congratulations, for a job well done! Here is another

activity that you assess your learning. Good luck!

Directions: Read each question carefully. Encircle the letter of

of the correct answer.
1. Which of the following will change in color when cut with knife or
scissors?
a. Cloth
b. Paper
c. Cellophane
d. Apple

2. Which of the following is true about water ?

a. There is no oxygen in water.
b. Oxygen is not present in a cup of water.
c. There is oxygen in water.
d. All of the above

3. What does water compose of?

a. Oxygen
b. Hydrogen
c. Hydrogen and Oxygen (H2O)
d. None of the above
4. Which of the following will not change its color when cut?
a. Potato
b. Apple
c. paper
d. banana
5. Which of the following is not a part of combustion?
a. Heat
b. Fuel
c. Oxygen
d. banana

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References:
Sarte, E., Garcia, E.,
Lopez, E., Dela
Cruz, M., Arradaza
H. (2016). Science
Beyond Borders.
Department of
Education.
Valenzuela, J.
(2015). Science for
Active Minds 4.
DIWA Learning
Systems INC.

Quality Assurance
Team/ Evaluators:

Lilibeth I.
Buentipo
Juliette A.

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