OPERATING SYSTEM

is program which starts up when you turn on your computer and you runs underneath all anther
programs-without it nothing would happen at all.
OPERATING SYSTEM MUST PERFORM
Control the hardware: the operating system control the all parts of the computer and attempts
to get everything working together
Run applications: Another job the OS does is run application software this would include word
processors, web browser, games, etc..
Manage data and files: the OS makes it easy for you to organize your computer

PARTS OF UNIX OS
The kernel- Handles memory management, input and output requests, and program scheduling.
The shell and graphical user interface (GUIs)- this is command line interface which allows
the user to type in commands.
The built-in system utilities- Are programs that allow a user to perform tasks which involve
complex
Actions.
Application software and utilities- These can range from additional or different versions of
basic utilities

PRACTICAL TASKS
 Rebooting the computer into Linux on a dual boot PC
 Logging the screen
 Logging out
 The non-graphical terminal

WHAT IS X WINDOWS
X windows: is the program that draws windows on the screen under most GUI- basic versions of
UNIX.

WHAT IS WINDOWS MANAGER

Windows manager: is a program that manages the placement of windows on your computer.
TOOLS AND UTILITIES AVAILABLE UNDER LINUX
 Text editors
 Debuggers
 Interpreters
 Miscellaneous
 Compilers

WHAT IS TERMINAL EMULATOR

Terminal Emulator: Methods to gain access to a Linux system, also used to interact with
your local computer
 Used to interact with networked computer

WAYS TO GET ACCESS TO LINUX

 Web Based Command Line Access

 Web Hosting Shell Accounts
 VPS (Virtual Private Server) or Cloud Server
 Live Linux Destroy
 Install on hardware
 Use preinstalled images with Virtual box

WHAT IS VIRTUALBOX
Virtualbox: is virtualization software; it is free and open source software, runs on Mcs, windows
and linux

BASIC LINUX COMMANDS

 ls - Lists directory contents.
 cd - Changes the current directory.
 pwd - Displays the present working directory.
 cat - Concatenates and displays files.
 echo - Displays arguments to the screen.
 man - Displays the online manual.
 exit - Exits the shell or your current session.
 clear - Clears the screen.