Statehood: Territory and Gov’t

Article I: National Territory

Readings
Bernas, pp 7-9

Carpio, Antonio, The South China Sea Dispute: Philippine Sovereign Rights and Jurisdiction in the West
Philippine Sea (interactive e-book available for download at the Institute for Maritime and Ocean Affairs,
www.imoa.ph, Pp. 19-37

Carpio, Antonio, Inventor of China’s Nine-Dash Line, Philippine Daily Inquirer, 30 July 2020. Available at
https://opinion.inquirer.net/132244/inventor-of-chinas-nine-dash-line

Magallona v. Ermita, G.R. No. 187167. 16 August 2011 (Constitutionality of R.A. 9522)

Article XII, Sec. 2(2), Philippine Constitution

https://globalnation.inquirer.net/178052/duterte-on-west-philippine-sea-im-the-owner-im-just-giving-china-
fishing-rights

https://globalnation.inquirer.net/178403/lorenzana-admits-chinas-bullying-says-beijings-peace-rhetoric-just-
optics

Optional/ Additional References:

Article III, Treaty of Paris

The US-Spain November 7, 1900 Treaty of Washington
Treaty of The US-Great Britain January 2, 1930
R.A. 3046 (June 17, 1961) R.A. 5446 (September 8, 1968)
P.D. No. 1596, June 11, 1978 (other territories)
P.D. No. 1599, June 11, 1978 (200 Mile Exclusive Economic Zone)
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
R.A. No. 9522, 10 March 2009, (Baseline Law)

Guide Questions
Why is there a defined territory in the Constitution?
What is within the Philippine territory?
What are internal waters?
What is a Regime of Islands? What is the archipelagic principle?
What are baselines? Does setting baselines establish territory?
Has the Philippines lost its claim over KIG? Scarborough Shoal?
Why is it important to determine the different maritime zones?
Statehood and Government

Readings
Bernas: Article II, Sec. 1, pp.10-29, which includes :
People v. Gozo, 26 October 1973
In Re : Letter of Associate Justice Puno, A.M. No. 90-11-2697, 29 June 1992
Republic v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 104768, 21 July 2003 (Patterns of Government)
See also:
Collector of Internal Revenue v. Campos Rueda, G.R. No. 13250,, 29 October 1971
Province of North Cotabato v. Government of the Republic of the Philippines Peace Panel on Ancestral
Domain, G.R. No. 183591, 14 Oct. 2008.

Article XVI, Sec. 3 – Sovereign Immunity

Bernas 1089-1110, which includes
Metran v. Paredes, G.R. No. L-1232, 12 January 1948.
National Airports Corp. V. Teodoro, G.R. No. L-5122, 30 April 1952
Philrock v. Board of Liquidators, G.R. No. 84992, December 15, 1989
Republic v. Feliciano, 148 SCRA 424 (1987)
Mobil Philippines Exploration v. Customs Arrastre Services, G.R. No. L-23139, December 17, 1966
Traders Royal Bank v. Intermediate Appellate Court, G.R. No. 68514, December 17, 1990
Festejo v. Fernando, 94 Phil 505, (1954)
Ministerio v. CFI, G.R. No. L-31635, August 31, 1971
Municipality of San Fernando v. Judge Firme, G.R. No. 52179, April 08, 1991
PNR v. IAC, G.R. No. 70547, January 22, 1993
Republic v. Sandoval, G.R. No. 84607, 19 March 1993.
See also: Air Transportation Office v. Ramos, G.R. No. 159402, 23 Feb. 2011
Arigo v. Swift, G.R. No. 206510, 16 September 2014

Immunity in International law:

Republic of Indonesia v. Vinzon, G.R. No. 154705, June 26, 2003
GTZ v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 152318, April 16, 2009

Optional:
China National Machinery v. Hon. Santamaria, G.R. No. 185572, 07 February 2012

Guide Questions
What is a State?
What are the elements of statehood and how are each defined?
What are different kinds of government?
What is the difference between states and governments?
What is sovereign immunity from suit? What is the reason behind it?