Effect of the Closure of the First Three Stations (Santolan, Katipunan, and Anonas) of

LRT2 to Regular Passengers

Researchers:

Ceballo, Justine Joy C.

Delas Alas, Denisse C.

Guerrero, Allyssa Raine B.

Lacuanan, Kirstyn Gale S.

Medina, Maria Vernice A.

Palma, Cyryle B.

Redondiez, Adrianne Gayle R.

Samson, Andrea Leigh R.

Santos, Kathleen Joyce L.

11 STEM 14

Research Adviser:

Mr. Al Jefferson A. Gacutan

 CHAPTER I

The Problem and Its Background

Background of the Study

In 1996, the construction of Light Rail Transit Line 2 started and it was finished on 2003.

The objectives of LRT 2 are to avoid traffic problems, to lessen the burden of the passengers and

to connect provinces to Metro Manila (LRTA,2014). But now, the passengers are not

experiencing the services that the LRT 2 want them to experience because of the incident that

happened last October 2 when a fire started between Anonas and Katipunan. It is necessary to

study this matter to know the impact of public transportation to passengers.

The researchers were encouraged to make a research about this incident because the

researchers are also students who ride LRT2 to go home and to go to school. The researchers are

also affected to this incident because some researchers are riding LRT2 from Santolan,

Katipunan, and Anonas.

 Introduction

LRT2 is one of the public transportations that serves as a bridge for passengers in their

schools, jobs and other areas.

This research consists of the emerging effects and the experiences of two (2) students and

two (2) employees during the closure of the first three stations (Santolan, Katipunan, and

Anonas) of LRT2.

It is natural for people to commute because it is convenient if they want to go to their

desired destination or if they are going to school and work. According to Robin Chase, without

transportation, living in this world will be hard. Transportation is a necessity, without it, people

will have a hard time living their daily lives. People do not notice when it goes well and when it

goes wrong, it will negatively colors their days and it will affect their productivity.

The Santolan, Katipunan, and Anonas stations were closed for nine (9) months due to the

fire happened last October 2, 2019 between Anonas and Katipunan station. These stations were

closed because the staff were going to fix the damages made by the fire (Cabrera, 2019). Due to

this accident, people are complaining and this has caused effects that are not good for the

commuters.

Public vehicles are essential not just by helping the commuters in their daily lives but

also by helping the economy of our country. If the workers from private companies are not

wasting their time in traffic, they will have sufficient time to be productive as they can finish

their works on time.

 Statement of the Problem

The purpose of this phenomenological study is to discover the effects of closure of the

first three stations (Santolan, Katipunan, and Anonas) of LRT2 to regular passengers. At this

stage in the research, the impact of closure of LRT2 is best described as one of the causes of

people’s struggles in commuting when the first three stations Santolan, Katipunan and Anonas

were closed.

 How would the commuters of LRT2 overcome their commuting struggles when the first

three stations of LRT2 were closed?

 What are the positive and negative effects of the closure of LRT2's first three stations?

 What is the difference of the travel time of regular passengers of LRT2 before and after

the first three stations (Santolan, Katipunan, and Anonas) were closed?

Significance of the Study

This research entitled "Effect of the Closure of the First Three Stations (Santolan,

Katipunan and Anonas) of LRT2 to Regular Commuters" aims to benefit the following people

and group of people:

Regular passengers. This study will be able to help in the way where to find a solution

to their problem. This research will be able to lessen the traffic they go through every day.

Students. This study will be able to help the students avoid the difficulty of riding and

returning home as they are also one of the main passengers.

Family of Passengers. This study will be able to help the family of passengers
understand what is really happening to their loved ones as their families often worry about where

they are and their whereabouts.

Future Researchers. This study will be able to help the next researchers in the way that

they will have a prior knowledge about this situation and hoping that they can come up with a

better solution to this problem.

Government. This study will be able to help by providing clarity on the true sentient of

every passenger. This research will be able to give idea what action they might take in this

problem.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

The study entitled “Effect of the Closure of the First Three Stations (Santolan, Katipunan,

and Anonas) of LRT2 to Regular Passengers” is focused on researching how shutting stations

affects regular passengers. This research discusses about the effect of the fire that broke out that

between Anonas and Katipunan station.

The respondents of this research were two students and two employees in the cities of

Manila, San Juan, Quezon, Marikina and Pasig. To ensure that the data is reliable, the

researchers conduct an interview with the respondents. The collection of data is based on

interviews with regular passengers of LRT2. The research occurs on November 2019 to March

2020
 Theoretical Framework

The use of the theories in research is very essential as this can help to broaden the

knowledge of the researchers. The theories that was collected by the researchers can be used as a

basis to add some knowledge to the beliefs that have never been proven.

Behaviorism or Behavioral Psychology

Behaviorism or Behavioral Psychology was described as a theory of learning that is

based on the idea that all behaviors are obtained through the process of conditioning that can be

related to a child's growth and development. Conditioning takes place when there is an

interaction around the environment. The environment greatly contributes in the whole being of a

person, most especially in the personality. Some behaviorists even believe that the reaction or

response of a person towards the environment molds his/her actions. Only observable behavior

can be considered in this perspective (Watson, 1913).

Behaviorism or Behavioral Psychology theory can be related in this study on the behavior

that the passengers have used to in commuting through the LRT2 as part of their daily lives.

With that habit, the closure of the first three stations (Santolan, Katipunan, and Anonas) of LRT2

would greatly affect them that will lead the passengers to finding an alternative transportation for

the meantime. After finding an alternative transportation, there would be a big adjustment for the

passengers that might change their behavior towards the environment. One example is when a

passenger tends to lose patience towards the people around due to the exhaustion from work,

school, and commuting.

Role Theory

Bruce J. Biddle (1979), characterize the manner wherein “roles are behavioral” and it is

only applicable to specific situations. Roles are recurrent and are connected to clock hours or

with daytime or nighttime. Also, the weather, preceding arrangement of events, surroundings

where people usually interact, and so on. This means that a person’s behavior in a certain

situation does not mean that it reflects his or her own personality. When people commute, there

are chances that their behavior towards a certain situation will be affected by external factors.

For example, when a person is going to his or her school or work and it is raining and he or she

cannot ride a vehicle immediately because of the weather and there are a lot of people that are

also waiting for a vehicle to ride in. He or she will be irritated because of this situation and will

not be in a good mood but this does not mean that this will be constantly be like this.

Role theory can be related in this study as the regular passengers of LRT2 have different

negative reactions when the first three stations (Santolan, Katipunan, and Anonas) were closed

due to the fire that broke out between Anonas and Katipunan station. The regular passengers

need to find an alternative mode of transportation in order for them to be on time on their

respective workplaces and schools. The passengers have a tendency to get ahead of each other

causing a disturbance on each of them. Not just that, but also the heat coming from the crowd

and sun makes the commuters be irritated and be in a bad mood. Even though this has been

happening, this does not mean that it will be consistently to go on.

 Perceptions of regular passengers who are affected by the closure of the
first three stations (Santolan, Katipunan, and Anonas) of LRT2
Passengers affected by the closure of the first three
LRT station 2.
Conducting of Interview
Conceptual Framework

Effect of closing of the first three LRT 2 stations

Negative Positive
CONCLUSION
 The conceptual framework was used to better understand the research process. This is

used by researchers beginning with the title which outlines the impact of the closure of the first

three LRT2 stations. The concept used by the researchers on the topic "Perception of regular

passengers affected by the closure of the first three stations (Santolan, Katipunan, and Anonas)

of LRT2," is stated or reflected in a flowchart. Researchers searched for regular passengers who

were affected by the closure of the first three LRT2 stations in response to the interview.

Through interviews with affected regular LRT2 passengers the researchers identified the

positive and negative effects of closing the first three stations. The results of the study were used

by the researchers to draw conclusions. Here the theory based on the probable cause of the

problem is introduced.
 CHAPTER II

Review of Related Literature and Study

This chapter includes the review of related literature and articles which were much more

categorized into four (4) themes which were Convenience of Light Rail Transit (LRT) as

Mode of Transportation, Alternative Modes of Transportation, Wrestles on the Progress of

Train Systems, and Impact of Light Rail Transit to Urban Land Development. The

researchers have examined these themes to have further information on the topic under study.

A. Convenience of Light Rail Transit (LRT) as Mode of Transportation

As the city’s traffic congestion increases, it takes longer time to reach one’s

destination and the nation will eventually cost its competitiveness especially in its key

economic corridor because of road congestion (Chuen, Karim, and Yusoff, 2014). Longer

time on traffic wastes people’s time and also affects the economy. Different mode of

transportation can be used to reach one’s destination that will take less time. When

people reached their destination on time in their work, especially in private companies,

they can help grow our economy.

In Palembang, South Sumatra, the Light Rail Transit (LRT) was constructed as

support for the 18th Asian Games but the LRT was also intended to serve as people's

alternative transportation in their activities daily because this can minimize the vast

number of motorized vehicles that produces pollution and congestion on the highway

(Suryanti, 2018, as cited by Larasati, 2019). This means that purpose of the construction

of the said LRT was to be a support for the said 18 th Asian games but it turned out that
this was also served as an alternative mode of transportation of the people as this brings

convenience to each of them.

Larasati (2019) stated that convenience must be present in a public

transportation, this means that passengers should be comfortable in the facilities in a

public transportation. The facilities shall have access to seats that are comfortable, clean

toilets, air conditioners, Wi-Fi, Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), available vending

machines with food and beverage, and especially the facilities that are needed by person

with disabilities such as wheelchairs and lifts.

In Klang Valley of Malaysia, commuters that uses LRT have chosen this because

of the factors of minimizing traffic, the LRT's advantage, and attitudinal reasons.

Passengers of LRT chose this as they have been mainly avoid the congestion and hassle

on parking during peak hours. The users of LRT have been encouraged to use LRT other

than public transportation systems because LRT enhances the active accessibility to and

the convenience of it to passengers of LRT (Shaharudin, Zainoddin, Akbar, Abdullah,

and Saifullah, 2018). This just means that even in Klang Valley in Malaysia, passengers

of LRT prefer to use this as they experience convenience in this public transportation.

Wojuade (2016) stated that the project of LRT would cause efficiency in

transportation, assist programs of multimodal expansion, and gives a swift, reliable, and

safe service for passenger transit that can lighten the congestion and difficulties and

overfull parking that were being experienced in Lagos. This means that even in Lagos,

LRT bring convenience to passengers as this gives them a comfortability in using public

transportation.
 Light Rail Transits in different countries were built for different reasons. For the

convenience of passengers, to lessen the congestion on roads, to reduce the pollution,

minimize the travel hours of commuters, and to reduce the hassle in finding parking

space of people. In our country, Travelling using trains are a lot more comfortable than

other public transportation available. The reason is that trains are air-conditioned and

passengers can feel a sense of security when transporting using this. LRT also helps in

avoiding discomfort when riding other public transportation just like a jeepney. Also, in

every station of LRT, there is other access to toilets, elevators, ATM, malls, and other

public transportation such as jeepneys and buses.

LRT has also helped to widen the capacity of transportation in the country as

stated. For that, it has to be maintained by the government to continuously lessen the

congestion that people suffer from every day and also to give good quality of

transportation to loyal passengers.

B. Alternative Modes of Transportation

The operations of Light Rail Transit Line 2 would remain suspended until July

2020 after a fire broke out between two of its stations. In its advisory, the LRT Authority

said LRT-2 would not resume full and partial line operations due to several technical and

safety concerns. (Adel, 2019) According to Presidential Spokesperson- Salvador Panelo,

there is no "mass transport crisis" and stated that Filipino passengers and commuters only

need to "be creative". It is related to this study since this major transit crisis just

happened, we, Filipinos are required to find alternative modes of transportation to reach
each of our destinations. Without these other public transportation, it will be harder for us

to travel.

Rodriguez, Jimenez, and Broncano (2017) explained what commuters’ behavior

towards choosing a discrete or more efficient mode of transportation. It stated that public

transportation is one of the most important services of a developed society. Having to

choose from different alternative mode of transportation, the commuters will no longer

find comfort, they will just find available options. Disregarding the demand of every

commuter to get onto the public transportation just to head home. It is related to this

study because of the sudden closure and the commuters don't have any alternative

solutions to the problem giving them alternative modes of transportation in case

something like this happens again.

Railroad is one of the most important means of transportation. It makes the travel

time much shorter, it has fixed routes and schedules and it is the least affected by weather

conditions. This research entitled, 'Evaluating Light-rail Transit Alternatives Using the

Rating and Ranking Method' states the rating and ranking of the most effective

alternative modes of transportation. The researchers measure the effectiveness of four

different alternatives. What came first among the modes of transportation is still railway

system. It still attracts better passengers because it provides all day services, simpler to

understand and use, and produces a higher quality of service (Ibraheem, 2011). It is

related to this study because among all the modes transportation, we all know that

railway system is still the most effective one and having a dysfunctional light railway

transit in our country will surely affect thousands of people's lives.

 The University of Idaho (2020) explained the definition of public transportation,

Why is it truly important for every commuter the essence of 'public transportation.' Stated

here are the alternative public transportation options, giving each passenger some option

if ever something unexpected happens. Having to walk instead on getting on some

vehicles or joining some 'grab share' a simple act of travelling together that have positive

impact on the environment and being more efficient or exploring 'P2P buses’. Unlike

regular buses with multiple stops, P2P buses have a fixed drop-off and pick-up location.

Trying to explore alternative mode of transportation. It is related to this study in the form

of giving the commuters more alternative transportation option instead of having to deal

with everyday stress.

Light Rail Transit System surely is a convenient way of transportation. However,

after the fire incident in the LRT, many passengers looked through it as a major problem

for them. Due to that incident, passengers are forced to look for an alternative mode of

transportation for the meantime. If the government will not be responding quickly in line

with this incident, the commuters will have a harder time in always finding alternative

routes. Not only it will cost them more money, but their time will also be wasted.

Imagine the traffic commuters have to go through every day, and what more now since

that the LRT2 was shut down. The only thing we commuters want for the government is

a good service for public transportation.

Even though we all know that railroad is the most efficient public transportation a

nation can have, with the current situation of LRT2, the commuters will now prefer the

available and most accessible mode of public transportation as an alternative,

 disregarding their comfort. People will only grab anything that is currently available just

to get to where they are headed.

C. Wrestles on the Progress of Train Systems

Penales and Ranchez (2017) stated that the action of the Government explained

what area unit the struggles on the event of the train systems. It expressed that train

system can fail at a definite day that provides a struggle to commuters, the long line of

every station will delay the arrival of the commuters to their destination. It stated that

here in Metro Manila there have been a lot of plans to develop mass rail transit, there are

nine (9) contemporary development plan. Still, some of this is not necessarily congruent

because the plans were based on assumptions. The result is infrastructure if not confusing

because the fundamentals were negated.

Morant (2017) explained the concerning struggles in upgrading rail comes to

Cambodia and Thailand the abundant delayed railway continues to be unfinished. It is

explicit that the international link between Kampuchea and Thailand's rail networks,

pledged by the prime ministers of each country in 2015, was symbolically achieved in

September 2016 following the development of a bridge over the border. In any case, once

trains can create a visit north to Thailand past Sisophon question marks suspend over.

Masirin, Salin, Zainorabidin, Martin, and Samsuddin (2017) stated that the

Malaysian railway companies are having financial difficulties because there are lack of

ridership and also, a competition between other companies. Due to this reason, railway
transportation had technical difficulties and it didn't attract the passengers to ride their

trains.

Passengers want to drive than to ride in a train because of its lack of accessibility

and reliability. But because of the technical difficulties of the railway, it caused traffic

because everyone uses public and private vehicles.

And now, the railway administration, constructed a new plan to make their

railway more convenient and accessible.

De Felice and Petrillo (2011) stated there that railway errors are not just because

of the facilities and equipment but also because of the human errors. Human factors like

the malpractice of drivers can greatly affect the railway system because the driver is the

one who controls the train.

The authors also listed the reasons why there are railway accidents caused by

human errors. They mentioned that sometimes the driver didn't understand the

instructions or they overlook and misread those. Drivers also didn't recheck the

equipment before using it. Passengers can be also the reason because they are always

curious about testing and pressing railway buttons. And people usually are also tend to

hurry always

On the other hand Iridiastadi and Ikatrinasari (2012) stated that train drivers are

usually blamed for the railway accidents. In their analysis, they wrote that it is not usually

on the drivers because sometimes it is because of the facilities and equipment. Light

signal and signal by other personnel can also cause accidents because sometimes the
signal is not accurate. In addition, because of the schedules drivers are lack of sleep and

they are also exhausted, they have no focus in their duty.

Developing our train system is really hard to reach the goal of making it perfect

because of circumstances that can happen while developing a train system. It is not the

only Philippines who suffer the problems in rail transits but also in other countries too

like Malaysia. Citizens in Malaysia want to travel with their cars because of the problems

in rail transit but this alternative idea worsens transportation in Malaysia as it had caused

heavy traffic. The government of Malaysia found an idea to lessen this burden by

implementing new plans for the improvements of their transits. In these studies, people

will come up with new ideas about how they will going to act in the improvements of the

rail transit. These studies will open the minds of the people that technical accidents and

problems are not always the train drivers’ fault but also there are still other circumstances

that hinder the good transportation of trains. Errors also occur in the railway system, most

specifically human errors due to the exhaustion of the drivers from work but also it is the

people who lack discipline and the facilities of the trains.

Upgrading railway systems is a must because railway systems are the most used

mode of transportation because of its convenience. Lack of renovating and improving can

lead to a lot of railway errors. The employees managing the railway systems should also

be careful as not all railway errors and accidents aren’t caused only by the facilities and

equipment. Human error is also one of the causes of railway errors. Also, the use of

railway systems should be easily accessible to everyone.

D. Impact of Light Rail Transit to Urban Land Development

Pacheco- Raguz (2010) described that the converse impacts of the transport side

are less understood. Transportation and land development are prevalently known to be

related. It was stated that the relative attractiveness of a location, potentially inducing

shifts in land values, uses, or densities are likely affected by the changes in accessibility

of transportation. The relationship between transport, land, and human activities

(housing, employment, industry, etc.) resulted changes which catalyzes travel demand

and requirements for transport infrastructure. To ease the flow of socio-economic

resources, management of urban growth and densities, as well as adjustments in land use

are required. Part of this management involves adding new infrastructure—housing,

services, or transport. The differences in values for the scenarios before and after LRT1

are evident, as are the relatively high accessibility values north of the line due to the

concentration of jeepney/bus terminals as one of the most important commuting points in

Manila. LRT widens the capacity of transportation specially that in the last years,

population in Manila increased rapidly.

The mobility challenges of the developing world are considerably different than

in wealthier, advanced countries, and so are the challenges of coordinating transportation

and land use (Cervero 2013). According to Cervero, it would be even greater if

transportation and land use are well coordinated, resulting to potential benefits to natural
environments, less-privileged members of society, and long- term economic prosperity.

Global count of vehicles has been increasing at unprecedented rates in developing

countries. Urban densities vary- Asian and African cities are higher than in Latin

American cities. The density gradients have been flattening at a faster rate in developing

cities than in developed cities. Extreme congestion and generally poorer levels of

regional accessibility are evident. In developing cities, investments in new road and

transit infrastructure could be expected to exert stronger influences on urban form and

land-use patterns. Mass transits, like rail transits needs to be pro-poor to enhance

accessibility and aid congestion in improving urban cities.

According to Zhao and Shen (2018), a basis for making an effective use for urban

spatial layout is the one being provided by the increase of Urban Rail Transit's

construction. It is not just that as this also gives the land use pattern in urban or the form

of the urban being reconstructed. Hence, exploration between Urban Rail Transits and the

evolution is important to do a proactive planning, the jointed development of the Urban

Rail Transits can be achieved, and the use of China's land. This means that the increase in

the spacial layout of the urban can increase the construction of railways and this helps in

the reconstruction of the urban.).

According to Sekar and Gangopadhyah (2016), a better infrastructure for mass

rail transit is needed in order to protect the environment, to avoid congestion on the

roads, and also the quality of living in the cities will be refined. It is expected that there

will be changes in the use of land and the value of the properties when a mass rail transit

system was introduced as this will improve the access to different job and houses. The
 visualization of the use of land is important while a mass rail transit system is being

designed. Also, the strategies in planning must be developed to allow the desired growth

and the opportunities provided by the rail transit is best if it is being utilized. This means

that in having the urban being developed it is important to have a mass rail transit system

in order to deal the problems especially in the congestion of roads and to give people

living in the cities a quality of living and also to be able the environment to be protected.

The impact of transportation on the landmass development of our country is huge.

Since the Philippines is a developing country, the number of vehicles is increasing

causing traffic. But with LRT, people can travel while avoiding traffic. Convenient and

fast transportation doesn’t only benefit passengers itself but also our country’s economy.

Rail transits improve the quality of life in cities.

Having a Light rail transit in urban land is important because our population is

increasing. LRT can help to avoid road congestion and crowded people by using land

transportation. The impact on the land is big and it helps the urban land to have a good

quality of transportation. The impact on the people is big, they can travel fast and avoid

hassle travel. LRT is convenient for students and employee because they have the

greatest impact on the use of this transportation.

E. Synthesis

According to Suryanti (2018), the LRT was also intended to serve as people's

alternative transportation in their activities daily because this can minimize the vast
number of motorized vehicles that produces pollution and congestion, and as mentioned

by Chuen, Karim, and Yusoff (2014), as the city's traffic congestion increases, it takes

longer time to reach one's destination. In addition to that, Wojuade (2016) stated that the

project of LRT would cause effiency in transportation, assist programs of multimodal

expansion, and gives a swift, reliable and safe service for passenger transit that can

lighten the congestion and difficulties and overfull parking. Afterall, Larasatti (2019)

stated that convenience must be present in a public transportation this means that

passengers should be comfortable in facilities in a public transportation, therefore,

Shaharudin, Zainoddin, Akbar, Abdullah, and Saifullah (2018) said that the LRT

enhances the active accessibility to and the convenience of it to passengers of LRT.

Adel (2019) stated that the operations of Light Rail Transit Line 2 would remain

suspended until July 2020 after a fire broke out between two of its stations, and so, the

Univeristy of Idaho (2020) stated the alternative public transportation options like

walking, joining 'grab share', or exploring 'P2P buses'. Also, according to Presidential

Spokesperson- Salvador Panelo, there is no "mass transport crisis" and stated that

Filipino passengers and commuters only need to be creative. In contrary to this, the

research entitled 'Evaluating Light-rail Transit Alternatives Using the Rating and

Ranking Method' found out that what came first among the modes of transportation is

still railway system as it provides all day services, simpler to understand and use, and

produces a higher quality of service as said by Ibraheem (2011). To support that,

Rodriguez, Jimenez, and Broncano (2017) mentioned that the public transportation is one

of the most important services of a developed society, and having to choose from
different alternative mode of transportation, the commuters will no longer find comfort,

they will just have available options.

Penales and Sanchez (2017) stated that our Government’s actions can explain the

areas where our country’s rail system is struggling. The delayed upgrading of railway

system in Cambodia and Thailand is still unfinished, thus making it one of the biggest

concerns in their railway systems (Morant, 2017). Lack of ridership and competition

between companies are causing financial difficulties in Malaysian railways, causing

technical difficulties causing inconvenience to passengers. In addition, the stated

condition caused traffic because everyone preferred to use public and private vehicles

(Masirin et al., 2017). On the other hand, De Felice and Petrillo stated that not all railway

errors are caused by the facilities and equipment but also because of human errors.

Iridastadi and Ikatrinasari stated that aside from the facilities and equipment, train drivers

are usually blamed for railway accidents.

The relationship between transport, land, and human activities should be

considered in order to have a more effective railway system as stated by Pacheco – Raguz

(2010). Cervero (2013) said that mass transits such as the rail transits should be pro –

poor to enhance accessibility and to minimize congestion especially in developing urban

cities. Increasing railway constructions can help in optimizing the urban's spatial layout

and reconstructing the urban land pattern according to Zhao and Shen (2019). Rail transit

systems are effective to protect environment against pollution, to avoid transport

congestion, and to improve the quality of life in the cities. Rail transit system can also

cause change in land use and property values as this will give an access to different job

and houses (Sekar and Gangopadhyay, 2016).

 CHAPTER III

Methods and Procedure

Method and Procedure

This chapter will discuss about the methods and structures of the study. This chapter will also

tell what are the actions that the researchers will do to know the response of the participants

about the closure of the first three stations (Santolan,Kathipunan, and Anonas) of LRT2, it will

also show how will the researchers will use the instrument on this research, Lastly this chapter

will discuss about how will the data be gathered.

A. Research Methodology

This study falls under qualitative research. A qualitative research focuses on the

greater understanding of individual differences in terms of feeling, motives and

experiences. This research will identify the experiences and describe the experiences the

respondents went through.

The design of this research is phenomenological under descriptive research. A

phenomenological study is a type of research that portray an individual's experiences.

This study will describe and focus on the experiences of the students and employees

during the closure of three stations ( Santolan, Katipunan and Anonas ).

B. Setting of the Study

The setting of this research will be in the cities of Manila, San Juan, Quezon,

Marikina and Pasig. These are the places where the location of respondents. In these

cities, where the stations of LRT2 are located ( Santolan, Katipunan, Anonas, Araneta

Center-Cubao, Betty-Go Belmonte, Gilmore, J. Ruiz, V. Mapa, Pureza, Legarda, and

Recto ). The interview will be counducted in these areas with students and employees

who are riding the LRT2 to know how the closure of the first three stations ( Santolan,

Anonas, at Katipunan) of LRT2 affected them.

C. Participants of the Study

The participants in this research will be students and employees that regularly use

LRT2. In choosing the respondents the researchers need to analyze that each of them

should be using LRT2 in their everyday life and are extremely affected by the sudden

closure of the first three station (Santolan, Katipunan and Anonas)

Students and employees are going to be the respondents in this research because

they are one of the greatly affected in the sudden closing of the first three station of LRT2

(Santola, Katipunan, Anonas) because they came from distant places and uses LRT2 as a

mode of transportation in going to their schools and workplace.

D. Sampling Technique

The sampling method chosen by the researchers was purposive sampling wherein

those chosen respondents have enough knowledge about the research and they’re the one

who got affected by the sudden closure of the first three station (Santolan, Katipunan and

Anonas)

E. Instrument Used

The instrument that will be used in the study is a semi-structured interview. The

researchers will be preparing questions to get information from the respondents that will

be followed by follow-up questions.

This instrument was chosen because the researchers want to acquire more

information from the respondents in a broad manner. The researchers will also have an

opportunity to add questions while the interview is on-going to be able to elaborate the

respondents’ answers.

Aside from that, the interview will be voice recorded through a researcher’s

phone to interpret the answers accurately.

F. Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers will gather data in order to understand the effect of the closure of

the first three stations (Santolan, Katipunan, and Anonas) of LRT2 to regular passengers.

First, the researchers will prepare questions that will be used for the interview. Next, the

researchers will find two (2) students and two (2) employees that regularly use LRT2 in

going to their respective schools and workplace. Next, the researchers will ask the
available day and time of respondents for the interview. Next, the interview for each

respondent will be conducted on their said available day and time. Lastly, the researchers

will understand and analyze the response from the respondents in order to understand the

effect of the closure of the first three stations (Santolan, Katipunan, and Anonas) of LRT2

to regular passengers.
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