Q2. What Is Robot? What Are The Laws Of Robot?

ROBOT
A robot is a machine—especially one programmable by a computer— capable of
carrying out a complex series of actions automatically. Robots can be guided by an
external control device or the control may be embedded within. Robots may be
constructed on the lines of human form, but most robots are machines designed to
perform a task with no regard to their aesthetics.

THREE LAWS OF ROBOT

First Law
A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to
come to harm.
Second Law
A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders
would conflict with the First Law.
Third Law
A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict
with the First or Second Law.

Q3. What Is Robotics? What Are The Characteristics Of Robotics?

ROBOTICS
Robotics is an interdisciplinary research area at the interface of computer
science and engineering. Robotics involves design, construction, operation, and use
of robots. The goal of robotics is to design intelligent machines that can help and
assist humans in their day-to-day lives and keep everyone safe. Robotics draws on

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the achievement of information engineering, computer engineering, mechanical
engineering, electronic engineering and others.

Robotics develops machines that can substitute for humans and replicate human
actions. Robots can be used in many situations and for lots of purposes, but today
many are used in dangerous environments (including inspection of radioactive
materials, bomb detection and deactivation), manufacturing processes, or where
humans cannot survive (e.g. in space, underwater, in high heat, and clean up and
containment of hazardous materials and radiation). Robots can take on any form
but some are made to resemble humans in appearance.

6 CHARACTERISTICS OF ROBOTICS

BODY
Robots have physical parts. They have a structure that holds it together and
mechanical parts that allow it to move. Without a body a robot would just be
software (program).
BRAIN
Robots have a control unit on-board that receives information from sensors and
sends out commands to actuators. This part of the robot uses the program to know
what to do. Without an on-board control unit (brain) it would just be a remote
controlled machine.
SENSORS
Robots have sensors that can gather information about the environment and sent
that information to the control unit (brain). Typically sensors have circuits either
produces voltage or varies voltage depending on its environment. Digital sensors
will return an 'on' (5volts) or 'off' (0volts) signal to the brain. For example a touch
sensor will be off unless something pushes the button. Analog sensors return

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information with regards to intensity (low, medium, high) and this information is
converted into a value on a scale (ex. 0 - 100). Light sensors, temperature sensors,
and speed sensors all return analog information.
ACUATORS
Robots have the ability to move. The parts of the robot the creates the motion is
called the actuators (also known as Prime Movers). Examples of actuators are
motors, servos, solenoids, pumps and compressors. The control unit tells these
parts when and how to move, typically by controlling how much electricity is sent
to it.
PROGRAM
Robots follow the instructions provided to it in a program. The program tells the
brain when to turn on motors, lights, or make sound. The program also tells the
brain with to do with the sensor information it is receiving. The program will tell
the robot how to use sensor data to make decisions. For example, the program
might instruct the robot to drive forward until the touch sensor is pressed and then
stop.
BEHAVIOR
Robots will exhibit behavior that is directed by its program. Because robots are
mechanical, their behavior will include movement. By watching how the robot
moves the observer can begin guessing what its program is.

Q4. What Are The Application Of Robotics In Textiles?

APPLICATION OF ROBOTICS IN TEXTILES

1. Application of Robotic automation in the textile industry provides so many
benefits like labour savings, reduced cycle times, improved part quality,

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 improved safety, increase productivity and efficiency. The application of such
Robotic automation has resulted in significant benefits to textile industry.
2. High levels of consistency and precision in work pieces and high levels of
repeatability and accuracy in manufacturing equipment have been required.
Economic Justification can be shown only for large quantities of production. To
achieve this, we need adaptive manipulation systems having some "Artificial
Intelligence". This article shows a wide range of automation in textile process
by using robots which ultimately increase the both basic requirement of textile
industry i.e. productivity and efficiency.
3. Robots are being used in textiles today with substantial developments already
being made and the future use of this new technology will develop as the
economics of each area of manufacturing dictates. These are machine systems
that can be conveniently directed to change their mode and sequence of
operations by means of software instruction.
4. Ideal examples are numerical controlled machine tools and industrial robot
arms. These programmable systems still require high levels of consistency,
precision, repeatability and more importantly, adaptability.
5. The application of Robotic automation in textile industry provides so many
benefits like saving of labors, reduced cycle times, quality improvement,
improved safety, increase productivity and efficiency.
6. The application of Robotic automation has resulted in significant benefits to
textile industry.
7. Robotics applications now are being used in textile garments industries for
marking, cutting and sewing of cloths.
8. In fabric testing laboratories, robotics applications are being used for various
tests of fabrics.

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9. In weaving machines, robotics systems are applied to operate the machines, to
knot the yarns, to remove the machine wastage etc.
10.Metal spinning appears to be a suitable task for industrial robot due to several
reasons.

11.High levels of consistency and precision in work pieces and high levels of
repeatability and accuracy in manufacturing equipment have been required.
12.Economic Justification can be shown only for large quantities of production by
adopting some "Artificial Intelligence" system.
13.Artificial Intelligence can show a wide range of automation in textile process by
using robots which ultimately increase the both basic requirement of textile
industry that is productivity and efficiency.