PART I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND
With master English well, then we will be able to communicate with other nations in the
world. In addition, we will be able to add insight and knowledge we are for the progress of
our nation and state, because we will be able to read literature in English, listening to radio
broadcasts abroad, as well as watching films science others. so, in the end we can master the
knowledge in all fields.
Passive voice is a one part of English grammar. Voice refers to the characteristics of a
verb that tells whether a subject of the verb is performing the action of the verb is performing
the action of the verb (active voice) or whether the subject of the verb is acted upon (passive
voice). The subject in an active voice will be the object or argent in passive voice. Thai is
why only sentences with transitive verb whose voice can be transformed into active or
passive.

1.2 THE PROBLEM

1. What is definition of passive voice

2. What is function of passive voice
3. What is tense in passive voice
4. What is formula Passive voice

1.3 THE PURPOSE

1. To do task of English language
2. Explain about the meaning and function of passive voice

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 PART II
CONTENT

2.1 Definition of passive voice

Passive voice is that form of verb how that something is done to the personor thin
denoted by the subject. There are two kinds of verbs, transitive and intransitive. The verbs
that need objects are called transitive, while other are intransitive. It is only transitive verbs
are used passive. In changing a sentence from the active to the passive, the accusative
becomes nominative, and the nominative is put into the accusative after by.

The passive voice is a grammatical construction in which the subject of a sentence or

clause denotes the recipient of the action rather than the performer. Active voice is a more
discuregular used in life everyday rather than passive voice. Passive voice is used because the
object of active voice is more importantrather than the subject. Many language critics and
language-usage manuals discourage use of the passive voice. In English this advice is not
usually found in older guides, emerging only in the first half of the twentieth century.

2.2 Function of passive voice

1. The passive voice is used frequently. (we are interested in the passive voice, not in
who uses it).
2. The house was built in 1654. (we are interested in the house, noy in who built it).
3. The road is being repaired. (we are interested in the road, not in the people who are
doing the repairs).
4. Sometimes we use the passive voice because we don’t know or do not want to express
who performed the action.

The passive voice is often used in formal texts. Switching to the active will make your
writing clearer and easier to read.

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Passive
1. A great deal of meaning is conveyed by a few well-chosen words.
2. Our planet is wrapped in a mass of gases.
3. Waste materials are disposed of in a variety of ways.

Active
1. A few well-chosen words convey a great deal of meaning.
2. A mass of gases wrap around our planet.
3. The city disposes of waste materials in a variety of ways.

How to make a passive sentence as follows :

1.  Turning active objects into passive objects.
2.   Inserted by after the main verb in the passive form before the subject
3.   The verb used is verb 3 which is preceded to be     
4.   Arrange sentences to adjust tenses.

In English there is a form is :

1.   Present Passive Voice
2.   Past Passive Voice
3.   Future Passive Voice
4.   Modal Auxiliary Passive Voice

The passive voice formula is as follows :

S + be + past participle + (by agent)

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2.3 FORMING ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE
The passive voice in English is composed of two elements :
The appropriate form of the verb ‘to be’ + past participle
Positif Negative Introgative Negative
Interrogative
The house was built The house wasn’t Was the house built Wasn’t the house
1899 built in 1899 in 1899? built in 1899 ?
These houses were These houses weren’t These houses weren’t Were these houses
built in 1899 built in 1899 built in 1899 built in 1899 ?

Passive voice with infinitives

the infinitive passive voice is used after modal verbs and other most verbs normally followed
by an infinitive.

Example :

1. you may be disappointed

2. john might be promoted next year
3. she wants to be invited to the party

Passive voice with gerunds

Gerunds are used after prepositions and verbs normally followed by a gerund.

Example :

1. I remember being taught to drive

2. Most film stars hate being interviewed
3. The children are excited to be taken to the zoo

Using “To Be Born”

“To be born” is an passive form and is most commpnly used in the pas tense. However, in
some cases, the present or future tens is appropriate.
Example :

1. I was born 1945

2. Where were you born?

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3. Around 100 babies are born in this hospital every week

4. We don’t know on exactly which day the baby will be born

 Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs)
1.      Present Continuous Tense
bentuk yang menunjuk pada tindakan yang sedang berlangsung sekarang atau ketika
pembicaraan itu sedang berlangsung
Aktif: S + is/are/am + -ing form of the verb + object
Pasif: S + to be + being + past participle (v3)
Example :
 Active: I am reading a story.
Passive: A story is being read by me.
 Active: The engine is driving the train.
Passive: The train is being driven by the engine.

2.      Past Continuous Tense 

Digunakan untuk menerangkan kegiatan, peristiwa, atau kejadian yang sedang terjadi
pada waktu lampau.
Aktif: S + was/were + Verb I + ing + O
Pasif : S + was/were + being + Verb III + by + O
Example:
 Active : Two boys were washing the shopman’s wagon. (Dua pria sedang mencuci
gerobak pemjual)
Passive : The shopman’s wagon were being washed by two boys. (Gerobak penjual
sedang dicuci oleh dua pria)
3.      Present perfect tense
Tense yang menggambarkan suatu kejadian yang terjadi sebelum satu spesifik waktu
di masa lalu tetapi masih berlanjut sampai sekarang. Tense ini terdiri dari gabungan aspek
perfect (sebelum satu spesifik waktu di masa lampau/ before a certain time in the past) dan
bingkai waktu present (masa sekarang/now).
Aktif: S+ has/have + past participle form of the verb + object
Pasif: S + have/has + been + V3
Example:
 Active: I have written a story.

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 Passive: A story has been written by me.
 Active: They have built a house.
Passive: A house has been built by them.
4.      Simple Past Tense
Digunakan untuk menerangkan peristiwa yang terjadi beberapa saat yang lalu atau
pada masa lampau
Aktif: S + Verb II + O
Pasif: S+ was/were + Verb III + by + O
Example :
 Active : Riko taken the car. (Mutitelah mengambil mobil)
Passive :The car was taken by riko. (Mobil sudah diambil oleh murti)

5.      Past Perfect Tense

Digunakan untuk menerangkan kegiatan atau peristiwa yang telah terjadi pada waktu
lampau.
Aktif: S + had + Verb III + O
Pasif: S + had + been + Verb III + by + O
Example :
 Active : Kholid had opened the book. (Kholid telah membuka buku)
Pasive : The book had been opened by Kholid. (buku telah dibuka oleh kholid)

Other Example :
> Simple Present Tense
         Active Voice : My mother always cleans the floor every morning.
         Passive Voice : The floor is always cleaned by my mother every morning
         Active Voice :My mother cleans the kitchen once a week
         Passive Voice :The kitchen is cleaned by mother once a week
> Present Continuous
         Active Voice :They are making a rainbow cake now.
         Passive Voice :A rainbow cake is being made by them now
         Active Voice :Anita is writing the letter right now.
      Passive Voice :The letter is being written by Anita

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> Present Perfect
         Active Voice :The manager has interviewed some candidates
         Passive Voice :Some candidates have been interviewed by the manager.

         Active Voice :Many tourists have visited that beach.

         Passive Voice :That beach has been visited by many tourists

> Past Tense

         Active Voice : Kinasih hid the letter
         Passive Voice : The letter was hidden by Kinasih

         Active Voice : My father repaired the car, yesterday

         Passive Voice :The car was repaired by my father
>Future Tense
         Active Voice :Andrew will finish his work by 4:00 P.M
         Passive Voice :The work will be finished by Andrew at 4:00 P.M

         Active Voice :The farmers will harvest the crops next week
         Passive Voice : The crops will be harvested by the farmers next week.

 Time Description Formulas :

1.      Simple Present
2.      Present Continous :
3.      Simple Past
4.      Past Continous
5.      Present Perfect
6.      Past Perfect
7.      Simple Future
: every day, every week, always, dsb
now, at the moment, at present, still.
: yesterday, Last week, in 1945, ago, when/while
: at 7 o’clock yesterday, when/while
: since, for, recently, since yestrday
: after, before
: tomorrow, next week, next month

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 PART III
CLOSING

3.1 CONCLUSION

Transitive verbs have two voices (grammatical variety), namely active voice (active)
and passive voice (passive). The active voice sentence is the subject that does the work while
the passive voice sentence is the subject that is at work. Some things that need to be
considered in changing the form of active voice sentences to the form of a passive voice
sentence are the change in tenses and also the time signatures.

3.2 SUGGESTION
We must be careful in determining or working on problems about passive voice or
active voice, because in this case more knowledge about tenses and time signals must be
required. In English, the pattern of passive voice forms greatly influences the pronunciation
of English sentences, so this lesson can help in solving the problem.

Hopefully this paper can benefit everyone, both those who read it and the listener. Of
course in this paper there are a lot of mistakes both intentionally and unintentionally,
therefore the author asks for criticism and also suggestions for progress and also perfects this
paper so that this paper can be better than before.

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 REFRENCE

Azar, Betty schrampfer. Understanding and Using English Grammar. America: Prentice Hall
Regents, 1989.
Kholid, Idam dkk. Lets Study English point for learning emglish more. Bandar Lmpung:
IAIN Raden Intan Lampung: 2016.
https://www.pintarsekolah.com/2017/07/pengertian-passive-voice.html