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Application of Numerical Modelling Methods for the Improvement of Storm

Water Drainage System

Conference Paper · August 2016

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6 authors, including:

D P C Laknath Vasana Dharmadasa

Lanka Hydraulic Institute Ltd. Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières
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 APPLICATION OF NUMERICAL MODELLING METHODS
FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF STORM WATER DRAINAGE
SYSTEM
R.W.C.N. Rajapaksha1, Dr. D.P.C. Laknath2, P.P. Ghnanapala3,
V. Dharmadasa4, Dr. K. Raveenthiran5, A. Packiyarajah6
1, 2, 3, 5
Lanka Hydraulic Institute Ltd., Sri Lanka Chathuri.Rajapaksha@lhi.lk
4
UNESCO-IHE, Netherlands
6
Batticaloa Municipal Council, Batticaloa, Sri Lanka

Abstract

Kallady area is vulnerable for cyclones as well as flooding as it is located within the wind-loading
zone in Sri Lanka. Hence, implementation of proper storm water drainage system is important to better
protect properties from the impacts of flooding during heavy rainfall events. Accordingly, the main
objective of this study is to prepare a storm water drainage system to mitigate flooding in Kallady
area. To accomplish research objective, detailed topographic survey, hydrological study and hydraulic
designs were carried out. Calculated peak runoff values using Rational Formula were verified with the
simulation results of MIKE11 NAM model. Calculated discharges were verified with MIKE11 HD
model results. Further, to control flooding in a particular lake area, flood controlling methodology and
excavation plan for the sand bar between the sea and lake were proposed. Thus, to prepare a storm
water drainage system in Kallady area, suitable drainage network is proposed by introducing network
connections between existing and newly proposed drains, construction of new drains, expansion of
existing sizes of the drains and introducing new diversions.

Key Words: Strom water drainage system, Rational formula, MIKE11 NAM & HD, Flood control

1. INTRODUCTION
Kallady, located in Batticaloa Municipal Council area in Sri Lanka is vulnerable for flooding and
cyclones. Kallady receives intensive rainfall during the northeast monsoon period of October to
January as well as some rain in the inter-monsoon period. The average annual rainfall of Kallady is
1592mm. Over the past 40 years, annual rainfall has varied between 800mm and 3081mm [4]. For an
instance, Kallady area was inundated with flood waters from heavy raining in December 2007,
January 2011 and January 2013. From the feedback from the community, it was identified that a
proper drainage system has not been implemented in Kallady area. After the severe tsunami attack in
2004 for Kallady area, unplanned drainages were installed only at some selected areas, only
addressing the issues of the particular areas, not as a whole system. It was identified that east side of
Kallady experiences flooding often due to its low terrain. During heavy rains seasons, some of the
sand bars between the flood water retention areas and sea have to be cut to drain out the excess water
rapidly to mitigate flooding (Figure 1). Hence, implementation of proper storm water drainage system
is essentials for the protection of properties from the impacts of flooding during heavy rainfall events.
Accordingly, the main objective of this study is to prepare a storm water drainage system to mitigate
flooding in Kallady area.

2. METHODOLOGY
After detailed topographic survey, catchments were delineated. Under hydrological and hydraulic
designs, hydro-meteorological data collection and analysis, derivation of rainfall Intensity Duration
Frequency (IDF) curves, determination of inflow hydrographs by using Rational Formula, design of
drain layout, design of drains[5] and outfalls were carried out. Runoff was estimated for 10 year of
return period storms and drains were designed accordingly.

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