Different Type of Control to Valve

Split range control

Split range control loop, output of the
controller is split and sent to two or more
control valves, Output of the controller will
split if the output range is in between 0 to 50 %
then the first valve will open if it exceeds more
than 50 % then second valve will be open, in
both the cases first valve will remain open.

Ratio control
Ratio control is specially applied to flow-rate
control. The mixing of two or more fluids (or)
Gas in a proper ratio.
Cascade control Valve
The set point of one controller output drives
the set point of another controller output.
Override control
When Critical process is going on, to avoid
tripping I will take it to the override control and
make it normal.
PIG Launchers and Receivers
Pigging was used purely clean the pipeline
removing dirty and wakes

Intelligent Pig: Smart pig inspect the problem

of corrosion and damage, same time clean the
pipeline
Pig Launcher:

 Normal Operation main valve full open and

isolation valve & kicker valve are full
closed.
 Operator should make sure that the
isolation valve and kicker valve are full
closed.
 If the system is an Oil system, then the
drain valve and vent valve opened to allow
air to displace the liquid; if the system is a
gas system then the vent opened so that
the launcher reaches atmospheric
pressure.
 After the PIG launcher is completely
drained to 0 Pressure, with the vent and
drain valves still open, the trap door
opened.
 The PIG loaded.
 Closure seals and other sealing and trap
door should be closed and secured.
  The drain valve is then closed and the trap
is slowly filled by gradually opening the
kicker valve.
 Once filling is complete the vent valve is
closed so that the pressure will equalize
across the isolation valve.
 The isolation valve is then opened and the
PIG is ready for launching.
 Next the main valve is gradually closed,
increasing the flow through the kicker and
behind the PIG until finally the PIG leaves
trap altogether and enter the pipeline itself.
 After the PIG leaves the launcher the
mainline valve is fully opened and the
isolation valve and kicker valve are closed.

Receiver:

 The receiver should be pressurized.

 The bypass valve and isolation valve
should be fully opened and the mainline
valve partially closed.
 Once the PIG arrives the isolation and
bypass valves should be closed.
 The drain valve and vent valve are then
opened.
 Once the trap is fully depressurized to 0 psi
the trap can be opened and the PIG
removed.
 The closure seal and other sealing
surfaces should be cleaned and lubricated
as needed and the trap door should then
be re-shut and secured.
 The receiver should then be depressurized
and returned to its original condition.