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SUZETTE C. MIAGA
BEED ll – GENERAL EDUCATION
GROUP A2 - #51

DOCUMENTATION OF TREE PLANTING ACTIVITY

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Lesson 7: OVERVIEW OF THE OFFICE OF THE

OMBUDSMAN

ACTIVITY
a. What are the roles and functions of the Office of the Ombudsman?
b. Which role and function of the Office of the Ombudsman are most noticed and felt
by the citizens?
c. Why is the Ombudsman described as the “Protector of the People”?

ANSWER:
a. There are four major roles of the Office of the Ombudsman is first, watchdog, it looks at the
general and specific performance of government officials and employees in order that the law may
be administered and executed justly, fairly and equally for all. Second, mobilizer, it establishes a
continuing partnership with other agencies in the conduct of a nationwide campaign for integrity in
public service and propagation of sound Filipino values. Third, official critic, it studies laws,
procedures and practices in government and makes appropriate recommendations for a systematic
operation of the government machinery free from bureaucratic inconveniences. Fourth, dispenser of
justice, it administratively sanctions erring government officials and employees and criminally
charges and prosecutes the same officials including private persons found to have conspired with
them.
However, there are five major functions of the Office of the Ombudsman, first, investigation in
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which it has the power to conduct preliminary investigation of cases filed with the Office, as well as
the authority to initiate the fact-finding investigation and gather evidence for case building. Second,
prosecution, in which the Office of the Special Prosecutor, an integral part of the Office, prosecutes
cases filed with the Sandiganbayan. Third, Administrative Adjudication in which the Ombudsman
may suspend or dismiss erring public officers and employees. Fourth, public assistance, in which the
Office extends assistance in getting basic public services from the government. And the fifth is graft
prevention in which it is a pro-active approach intended to preempt or eliminate opportunities to
commit graft and corruption.
b. Which role and function of the Office of the Ombudsman are most noticed and felt by the
citizens?
In my own opinion, I think the roles of the office of the ombudsman that is most noticed and felt by
the citizens is the Official Critic in which the office studies laws, procedures and practices in
government and makes appropriate recommendations for a systematic operation of the government
machinery free from bureaucratic inconveniences. I can support this statement because as I can
observe, the office of the ombudsman are very focus on what is really the best for the government
and for the people. They are making their best to do what is right and precise. And the functions of
the office of the ombudsman that is most noticed and felt by the citizens is the public assistance. I
can say that because the office of the ombudsman is right beside to help the governments problem
and resolve it immediately. They are the right hand of the government for the government to
efficiently and effectively help the people. Public assistance is what the government did in this
recent time of pandemic. Together with the office of the ombudsman and the government, they can
help the people not to suffer much in this time of crisis.
c. Why is the Ombudsman described as the “Protector of the People”?
The ombudsman is described as the “protector of people” because they are the one who protects the
people from abuse or misuse of power by the government, its agencies or functionaries. Abuse of
power may be in the form of injustice and graft and corruption and so, the Ombudsman fights for
justice for all citizens, prevents loss of government funds through graft and corruption and brings
the culprits to the bar of justice. As protector of the people, the Ombudsman defends the people’s
interests and by people, we mean, all our countrymen like plain citizens and public officials, the
powerful and the weak, the old and the young, the victims and the culprits. On the other hand,
Ombudsman’s responsibility is such a heavy truck for they are the one who fights and defend for the

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right of each and every one. They are the one who makes the world a better and fair to every human
being by making a rules and regulations to be followed by the people to achieve unity and peace in
one nation.

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Lesson 8: Corruption Prevention Programs of the Office of the

Ombudsman
(with focus on the Campus Integrity Crusaders/ CIC)

ACTIVITY

 Why is there a need for the Office of the Ombudsman to link with various sectors in
the implementation of its anti- corruption programs and projects?
 Name the different anti- corruption programs of the Office of the Ombudsman and
discuss how these programs can address the problem on graft and corruption.
 Do you believe that the accreditation of Campus Integrity Crusaders in your college/
university be a great help in the anti- corruption campaign of this office? Why or why
not?
ANSWER:
1. Why is there a need for the Office of the Ombudsman to link with various sectors in the
implementation of its anti- corruption programs and projects?
Transparency, accountability and integrity are key determining factors for sustainable development.
Corruption and lack of accountability and integrity can have a major impact on the results of
development cooperation. So the Office of the ombudsman needs to link various sectors in the

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implementation of anti-corruptions programs and project so that it can be implemented surely and
there are many support in its implementation. This various sectors is such a big help not only for the
implementation of the project but also for the goodness of the people. Corruption should be stop
because it weakens political institutions and ultimately calls into question the legitimacy of the state.
2. Name the different anti- corruption programs of the Office of the Ombudsman and discuss how
these programs can address the problem on graft and corruption.
The Anti- corruption Programs of the Office of the Ombudsman are first, Corruption Prevention
Unit (CPU) where it serves as the Ombudsman’s citizens arms in its crusade for clean and honest
government. Second, The Resident Ombudsman (Non- organic) Program, where it perform as
coordinators who shall act promptly on all requests from the Office of the Ombudsman for
assistance and information needed by its officials/employees and/or public (Memo. Circular No. 03,
series 2006). Third, Research/Thesis Assistance Program, where it provides research/thesis grants to
students who will be conducting studies on graft and corruption. Fourth, Databank on Graft and
Corruption, this is a component program of the Research/Thesis Assistance Program, which aims to
install a mini-library or data bank on graft and corruption and related subjects that will provide
researchers and public administrators reference materials on the subject matter. Fifth, Instructional
materials Development Program on Graft and Corruption Prevention Education for Elementary and
High School Levels, where these are lesson exemplars that are made for elementary pupils and
secondary students in order to awaken their awareness of the reality of corruption, its causes and
consequences, and the role of the youth in minimizing the problem of graft and corruption. Sixth,
Public Accountability Seminar, where this seminar is given to new government entrants and
incumbent public officials. It aims to provide the venue whereby public service values are
internalized and to enhance a deeper understanding of the role of public servants and the
accountability attached to the position in the government. Seventh, Integrity, Transparency and
Accountability in Public Service(ITAPS), where this is a seminar given to government employees,
which aims to espouse integrity, transparency, accountability in the disposal of one’s duties and
responsibilities as a public servant. Eight, Ehem! Aha! Program, where it is an innovative anti-
corruption program that will create a graft intolerant culture not only in the government but in the
entire Philippine society as well. Ninth, Campus Integrity Crusaders (CIC)
(formerly known as Junior Graftwatch Unit or JGU) refers to any non-partisan school-based youth
organization recognized by a secondary or tertiary educational institution and duly accredited by the

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Office of the Ombudsman.

3. Do you believe that the accreditation of Campus Integrity Crusaders in your college/ university be
a great help in the anti- corruption campaign of this office? Why or why not?
The Campus Integrity Crusaders (formerly known as Junior Graftwatch Unit or JGU) refers to any
non-partisan school-based youth organization recognized by a secondary or tertiary educational
institution and duly accredited by the Office of the Ombudsman. For me, I believe that Campus
Integrity Crusaders is a great help to develop the minds of the youth. To give them an idea about
what is the reality of this world. In that case they will not be ignorant and be able to cope up the
happenings in the community. Therefore, accreditation of Campus Integrity Crusaders in every
colleges/university is a must for the benefits of the young minds.

Lesson 9: PERSONAL INTEGRITY AND THE CODE OF

CITIZENSHIP

The NORMS of CONDUCT of PUBLIC OFFICIALS and

EMPLOYEES

ACTIVITY

In a group of ten (10) students

 discuss why government officials should perform their duties sincerely and honestly? Present
outputs to the class.
 Through role playing, cite specific situations wherein public officials violate the norms of
conduct expected of him/her in the discharge of his duties.
 Formulate resolutions to straighten the wrongdoings of public officials. Present it to the class.

ANSWER:
In a group of ten (10) students
• discuss why government officials should perform their duties sincerely and honestly?

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Present outputs to the class.

Government officials should perform their duties sincerely and honestly because it is their
responsibilities. Before they go in that position they promise to the people that they will lead and
serve with all of their hearts without expecting in return. Honesty and competence in government
service, plus the efficient use of public funds, could be achieved under the watchful eyes of the
people. And public officials striving for excellence in governance ought to encourage active
participation of the people. After all, as the Constitution says, sovereignty resides in the people and
all government authority emanates from them.
• Through role playing, cite specific situations wherein public officials violate the norms of
conduct expected of him/her in the discharge of his duties.
In the scenario where public official stole a money from the government where it is the money of
the people or in the other words corruption occur. This wrong doings is not good and not a good
example as a public officials. It should be stop and the public officials whose doing this should be
punishable by law and get kick from the job because he/she is not deserve for the position. The
government should provide laws and regulations and also the punishment for those who violates the
law.
• Formulate resolutions to straighten the wrongdoings of public officials. Present it to the
class.
Increasingly, citizens are becoming entitled by law to the protections of procedural fairness
in the making of all official decisions about any matter which affects them directly.
This means in particular that citizens will have the right to a hearing concerning the matter
at issue before any final decision is made; and the right to know the case or allegation to be
answered. They may also be entitled to professional representation in more serious matters.
Under this approach, citizens also have the right to have their submissions properly
considered by the official who is to make the decision, the right to a decision which is free
from bias or apparent bias; and the right to a decision the making of which excludes
irrelevant considerations and takes into account only the merits of the matter.

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Lesson 10: REPUBLIC ACT 3019

ANTI-GRAFT AND CORRUPT PRACTICES

ACTIVITY
 Small group cooperative learning discussion specifying acts which are lawful and
unlawful based on RA 3019
 Video clips on civil servants convicted because of RA 3019 violations
 Role play/simulation of civil servants’ graft and corrupt practices
 Whole class discussion on insights learned from RA 3019

ANSWER:
• Small group cooperative learning discussion specifying acts which are lawful and unlawful
based on RA 3019

Corrupt practices of public officers. In addition to acts or omissions of public officers already
penalized by existing law, the following shall constitute corrupt practices of any public officer and
are hereby declared to be unlawful:

(a) Persuading, inducing or influencing another public officer to perform an act constituting a
violation of rules and regulations duly promulgated by competent authority or an offense in
connection with the official duties of the latter, or allowing himself to be persuaded, induced, or
influenced to commit such violation or offense.

(b) Directly or indirectly requesting or receiving any gift, present, share, percentage, or benefit, for

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himself or for any other person, in connection with any contract or transaction between the
Government and any other part, wherein the public officer in his official capacity has to intervene
under the law.

(c) Directly or indirectly requesting or receiving any gift, present or other pecuniary or material
benefit, for himself or for another, from any person for whom the public officer, in any manner or
capacity, has secured or obtained, or will secure or obtain, any Government permit or license, in
consideration for the help given or to be given, without prejudice to Section thirteen of this Act.

(d) Accepting or having any member of his family accept employment in a private enterprise which
has pending official business with him during the pendency thereof or within one year after its
termination.

(e) Causing any undue injury to any party, including the Government, or giving any private party
any unwarranted benefits, advantage or preference in the discharge of his official administrative or
judicial functions through manifest partiality, evident bad faith or gross inexcusable negligence.
This provision shall apply to officers and employees of offices or government corporations charged
with the grant of licenses or permits or other concessions.

(f) Neglecting or refusing, after due demand or request, without sufficient justification, to act within
a reasonable time on any matter pending before him for the purpose of obtaining, directly or
indirectly, from any person interested in the matter some pecuniary or material benefit or advantage,
or for the purpose of favoring his own interest or giving undue advantage in favor of or
discriminating against any other interested party.

(g) Entering, on behalf of the Government, into any contract or transaction manifestly and grossly
disadvantageous to the same, whether or not the public officer profited or will profit thereby.

(h) Director or indirectly having financing or pecuniary interest in any business, contract or
transaction in connection with which he intervenes or takes part in his official capacity, or in which
he is prohibited by the Constitution or by any law from having any interest.

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(i) Directly or indirectly becoming interested, for personal gain, or having a material interest in any
transaction or act requiring the approval of a board, panel or group of which he is a member, and
which exercises discretion in such approval, even if he votes against the same or does not participate
in the action of the board, committee, panel or group.

Interest for personal gain shall be presumed against those public officers responsible for the
approval of manifestly unlawful, inequitable, or irregular transaction or acts by the board, panel or
group to which they belong.

(j) Knowingly approving or granting any license, permit, privilege or benefit in favor of any person
not qualified for or not legally entitled to such license, permit, privilege or advantage, or of a mere
representative or dummy of one who is not so qualified or entitled.

(k) Divulging valuable information of a confidential character, acquired by his office or by him on
account of his official position to unauthorized persons, or releasing such information in advance of
its authorized release date.

The person giving the gift, present, share, percentage or benefit referred to in subparagraphs (b) and
(c); or offering or giving to the public officer the employment mentioned in subparagraph (d); or
urging the divulging or untimely release of the confidential information referred to in subparagraph
(k) of this section shall, together with the offending public officer, be punished under Section nine
of this Act and shall be permanently or temporarily disqualified in the discretion of the Court, from
transacting business in any form with the Government.

• Video clips on civil servants convicted because of RA 3019 violations

P4.098 billion ($94.05 million) – plunder case vs former president Joseph Estrada and 7 others

The plunder case filed in 2001 against Estrada involves the highest amount handled by the anti-graft
court so far. The case, filed after he was ousted in 2000, involves his acceptance of proceeds from
the illegal numbers game jueteng and his ownership of huge amounts of money in a bank account

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under the name Jose Velarde.

Estrada was convicted in September 2007, and was detained until he was granted presidential
pardon a month later. The Sandiganbayan's 2013 compliance report says he still owes the
government over P400 million, roughly US$9 million. (READ: No closure yet on Erap Estrada’s
plunder case)

Incidentally, his son Jinggoy is among those implicated in this case, but he was acquitted (along
with Edward Serapio) in 2007.

• Role play/simulation of civil servants’ graft and corrupt practices

Civil servants shouldn’t practice graft and corruption but in recent days this actions are rampant
because of the greed of money, power and position. So, it is very important for the people to choose
wisely if who would be the person which is capable and responsible for the position that has a
sincere heart to serve and to lead the people without any corruption. People should choose the right
person so that our nation can attain progress with unity and peace.

• Whole class discussion on insights learned from RA 3019

It is the policy of the Philippine Government, in line with the principle that a public office is a
public trust, to repress certain acts of public officers and private persons alike which constitute graft
or corrupt practices or which may lead thereto. This republic act is all about the civil servants which
may act or do some illegal activities and thereof should be punishable by the Philippine government
for its unrighteous action. This action should not be tolerated by the government because this can
cause destruction to our nation.

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Lesson 11: Republic Act No. 9485

AN ACT TO IMPROVE EFFICIENCY IN THE DELIVERY OF GOVERNMENT SERVICE

TO THE PUBLIC BY REDUCING BUREAUCRATIC RED TAPE, PREVENTING GRAFT
AND CORRUPTION, AND PROVIDING PENALTIES THEREFOR

ACTIVITY

 Form a small group of 10 students and share the concept of bureaucratic red tape
 Role pay on various transactions depicting bureaucratic red tape
 Presentation of group resolutions on how to combat red tape

ANSWER:
• Form a small group of 10 students and share the concept of bureaucratic red tape
The Anti-Red Tape Act of 2007: Is a law passed by the Philippine Congress which articulates the
government’s call to improve efficiency in the delivery of public services by reducing bureaucratic
red tape, preventing graft and corruption, and providing penalties therefor.

Red Tape: as it is contextualized in the Philippine bureaucracy, refers to paper works, unnecessary
bureaucratic documents, requirements, forms, and procedural obsession in the delivery of public
service. In recent history, the term “red tape” denotes a ribbon used to bind voluminous documents
produced by retired American Civil Veterans as a prerequisite for their retirement claims.
• Role pay on various transactions depicting bureaucratic red tape
Cutting, or minimizing, red tape in government has been part of the program of every
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administration.

In line with this objective, in 2007, Congress enacted Republic Act No. 9485, or the “Anti-Red Tape
Act”, which seeks to improve efficiency in the delivery of government service to the public by
reducing bureaucratic red tape and preventing graft and corruption.

The law requires, among others, government offices that perform frontline services, i.e., handle
applications for any privilege, right, permit, reward, license, concession, or requests that are acted
upon in their ordinary course of business, to post a Citizen’s Charter at the entrance of their offices
that describes the procedures to obtain a particular service and the documents needed for that
purpose.
• Presentation of group resolutions on how to combat red tape
Resolutions on how to combat red tape
1. Budget for Emergencies
It is important to have budget dollars available to purchase the necessary supplies and equipment
that is needed to run the day-to-day operation. This involves going through an annual budgeting
process that includes planned equipment replacement. A budget should also include funds for those
unexpected expenditures that are difficult to plan for.

2. Empower Employees
Empower employees to make decisions about the way day-to-day work is performed. This includes
allowing them to make quick decisions about work processes that impact the customer experience.
For example, if the office copy machine continues to break down, there should be a quick decision
making process to allow for its replacement to minimize the impact on employee productivity.

3. Set Spending Limits

With empowerment comes responsibility and boundaries. Empower employees to make decisions,
within certain spending limits, giving them the flexibility to move quickly on those things that slow
the work process or impacts the customer experience. For example, a service recovery program
allows employees to make quick decisions that can resolve customer issues. Asking permission
through many layers of decision making, slows the process and potentially misses an opportunity to

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turn around a negative customer experience.

4. Training
Take the time to teach employees on what their boundaries are and why limits are set. Get them
involved in the process of determining decision making boundaries and use their day-to-day
experience to improve internal processes. Be clear with expectations and keep communication lines
open so there are no misunderstandings.

5. Coach and Mentor

Allowing employees to make decisions does come with some risks. Allow employees to make
mistakes and use errors in judgement as a learning opportunity. Coach and mentor employees on
the decision making process and help them understand the difference between a good and bad
decision. Do this by demonstrating the difference in outcomes between decision choices.

Managing employees comes with many teachable moments and taking advantage of the tacit
knowledge of employees provides a business advantage. Use employees to eliminate the red tape
and expedite the decision making process. Let’s face it, organizations that make quick, wise
decisions have a strategic competitive advantage.

Lesson 12: RA 7877

ANTI-SEXUAL HARRASSMENT ACT

ACTIVITY:
1. Form a group of 15 and simulate situations portraying sexual harassment. After the
presentation make sure to discuss what was wrong and explain on how to avoid harassment.
Sexual harassment is a type of discrimination based on sex. When someone is sexually harassed in the
workplace, it can undermine their sense of personal dignity. It can prevent them from earning a living, doing
their job effectively, or reaching their full potential. Sexual harassment can also poison the environment for
everyone else. If left unchecked, sexual harassment in the workplace has the potential to escalate to violent
behavior.

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Employers that do not take steps to prevent sexual harassment can face major costs in decreased
productivity, low morale, increased absenteeism and health care costs, and potential legal expenses. Under
the Ontario Human Rights Code, sexual harassment is “engaging in a course of vexatious comment or
conduct that is known or ought to be known to be unwelcome.” In some cases, one incident could be
serious enough to be sexual harassment. Some examples of sexual harassment are:

- asking for sex in exchange for a benefit or a favor

- repeatedly asking for dates, and not taking “no” for an answer
- demanding hugs
- making unnecessary physical contact, including unwanted touching
- using rude or insulting language or making comments toward women (or men, depending on the
circumstances)
- calling people sex-specific derogatory names
- making sex-related comments about a person’s physical characteristics or actions
- saying or doing something because you think a person does not conform to sex-role stereotypes
- posting or sharing pornography, sexual pictures or cartoons, sexually explicit graffiti, or other sexual
images (including online)
- making sexual jokes
- bragging about sexual prowess.
Both women and men may experience sexual harassment in employment, but women tend to be more
vulnerable to it because they often hold lower-paying, lower-authority and lower-status jobs compared to
men. At the same time, even women in positions of authority may experience sexual harassment.

Example: A disgruntled employee spreads rumours about his female director, stating that she is having an
affair with the company president and that she is only successful because she “slept her way to the top.”

Whatever her position, portraying a female worker in a sexual way can diminish her status and image in the
eyes of other employees.

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Lesson 13: SCHEMA THEORY OF LEARNING

  ACTIVITY:

 Choose any lesson that you can teach to children in the elementary level. Write the steps
on how you will teach that specific lesson so learners can form/developmental
maps/images on the concept you are teaching them. Present the steps in bullet form.

TOPIC : GRADE 1 MATHEMATICS

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 Make It Fun and letting them play some related games

 Making It Active Using hands-on material is also a great way to get your

students attention.

 They will be able to respond when I ask them questions about our topic.

 Letting them do some motivational task because I am giving them worksheets,

 Collecting every paper and marking it up with an red pen and putting a star on the top

which signifies good work,

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Lesson 14: PRINCIPLES OF LITERACY/NUMERACY TEACHING

AND LEARNING
Activity:

 Write an outline on how you will teach a lesson in reading or writing. Present the steps in
bullet form.

 Teaching Kids to Read

 Use songs and nursery rhymes to build phonemic awareness

- syllables words
- playful and bonding activity
- recite songs in unison

 Make simple word cards at home

- Cut out cards 
- word containing three sounds
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- read the word together and hold up three fingers

 Play word games at home or in the car

- word games
- playing games
- sounding words

 Read together on a daily basis and ask questions about the book
- engage with the pictures
- asking questions

 Play games to memorize high-frequency sight words every day

- sight word
- playing with flashcards

 Be patient; the best way to teach kids to read is to make it fun

- mixing things up with the activities you choose
-  letting your child pick out their own books occasionally
-  give them the best chance at reading success.

Lesson 15: HOW TO TEACH NUMERACY IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS

ACTIVITY:

 Outline steps in teaching a specific lesson in mathematics. Show the steps in bullet form.
 Develop instructional materials appropriate in teaching the lesson.
 Let your mentor check your lesson outline and instructional materials.
 Do a teaching demo in front of your group.

ANSWER:
Steps in Teaching lesson in mathematics

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 Make it hands-on
 Use visuals and images
 Find opportunities to differentiate learningAsk students to explain their ideas
 Incorporate storytelling to make connections to real-world scenarios
 Show and tell new concepts
 Let your students regularly know how they're doing

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