BS Iso 14520-9-2006

BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO
14520-9:2006
Gaseous
fire-extinguishing
systems — Physical
properties and system
design —
Part 9: HFC 227ea extinguishant
ICS 13.220.10
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Copyright British Standards Institution
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BS ISO 14520-9:2006
National foreword
This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 14520-9:2006 and implements

it as the UK national standard. It supersedes BS ISO 14520-9:2000 which is
withdrawn.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee
FSH/18, Fixed firefighting equipment, to Subcommittee FSH/18/6, Gaseous
extinguishing media and systems, which has the responsibility to:
— aid enquirers to understand the text;
— present to the responsible international/European committee any

enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep
UK interests informed;
— monitor related international and European developments and
promulgate them in the UK.
A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on

request to its secretary.
Cross-references
The British Standards which implement international publications referred to
in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled
“International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search”
facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the ISO title page,
pages ii and iii, a blank page, pages 1 to 8, an inside back cover and a back
cover.
The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the
document was last issued.
Amendments issued since publication

This British Standard was
published under the authority Amd. No. Date Comments
of the Standards Policy and
Strategy Committee
on 31 May 2006
© BSI 2006
ISBN 0 580 48319 3

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BS ISO 14520-9:2006
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14520-9
Second edition
2006-02-15
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Gaseous fire-extinguishing systems —
Physical properties and system design —
Part 9:
HFC 227ea extinguishant
Systèmes d'extinction d'incendie utilisant des agents gazeux —
Propriétés physiques et conception des systèmes —
Partie 9: Agent extincteur HFC 227ea
Reference number
ISO 14520-9:2006(E)

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ii
BS ISO 14520-9:2006
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 14520-9 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 21, Equipment for fire protection and fire fighting,
Subcommittee SC 8, Gaseous media and firefighting systems using gas.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14520-9:2000), which has been technically
revised.
ISO 14520 consists of the following parts, under the general title Gaseous fire-extinguishing systems —
Physical properties and system design :
— Part 1: General requirements
— Part 2: CF3 I extinguishant
— Part 5: FK-5-1-12 extinguishant
— Part 6: HCFC Blend A extinguishant --`,,`,,,`,`,,`,,,,``,,`,`,`,,,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
— Part 8: HFC 125 extinguishant
— Part 9: HFC 227ea extinguishant
— Part 10: HFC 23 extinguishant
— Part 11: HFC 236fa extinguishant
— Part 12: IG-01 extinguishant
Parts 3, 4 and 7, which dealt with FC-2-1-8, FC-3-1-10 and HCFC 124 extinguishants, respectively, have been
withdrawn, as these types are no longer manufactured.
Copyright British Standards Institution iii

.
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BS ISO 14520-9:2006
Gaseous fire-extinguishing systems — Physical properties and

system design —
Part 9:
HFC 227ea extinguishant
1 Scope
This part of ISO 14520 gives specific requirements for gaseous fire-extinguishing systems, with respect to the
HFC 227ea extinguishant. It includes details of physical properties, specification, usage and safety aspects and
is applicable to systems operating at nominal pressures of 25 bar and 42 bar superpressurized with nitrogen.
This does not preclude the use of other systems.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14520-1:2006, Gaseous fire-extinguishing systems — Physical properties and system design — Part 1:
General requirements
3 Terms and definitions

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For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 14520-1 apply.
4 Characteristics and uses
4.1 General
Extinguishant HFC 227ea shall comply with the specification according to Table 1.
HFC 227ea is a colourless, almost odourless, electrically non-conductive gas with a density approximately six
times that of air.
The physical properties are given in Table 2.
HFC 227ea extinguishes fires mainly by physical means, but also by some chemical means.
Copyright British Standards Institution 1

BS ISO 14520-9:2006
Table 1 — Specification for HFC 227ea

Property Requirement
Purity 99,6 % by mass, min.
Acidity 3 × 10−6 by mass, max.
Water content 10 × 10−6 by mass, max.
Non-volatile residue 0,01 % by mass, max.
Suspended matter or sediment None visible
Table 2 — Physical properties of HFC 227ea

Property Unit Value
Molecular mass — 170
◦
Boiling point at 1,013 bar (absolute) a C −16,4
◦
Freezing point C −127
◦
Critical temperature C 101,7
a
Critical pressure bar abs 29,26
Critical volume cm3/mol 274
3
Critical density kg/m 573
◦ a
Vapour pressure 20 C bar abs 3,90
◦ 3
Liquid density 20 C kg/m 1 410
◦
Saturated vapour density 20 C kg/m3 31,035
◦
Specific volume of superheated vapour at 1,013 bar and 20 C m3/kg 0,1374
Chemical formula CF3CHFCF3
Chemical name Heptafluoropropane
a 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2 .
4.2 Use of HFC 227ea systems
HFC 227ea total flooding systems may be used for extinguishing fires of all classes within the limits specified in
ISO 14520-1:2006, Clause 4.
The extinguishant requirements per volume of protected space are given in Table 3 for various levels of
concentration. These are based on methods given in ISO 14520-1:2006, 7.6.
The extinguishing concentrations and design concentrations for n-heptane and Surface class A hazards are
given in Table 4, those for other fuels in Table 5 and inerting concentrations in Table 6.
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2
BS ISO 14520-9:2006
Table 3 — HFC 227ea total flooding quantity

Temperature Specific HFC 125 mass requirements per unit volume of protected space, m/V (kg/m3)
T vapour This information refers only to HFC 227ea, and may not represent any other products containing
volume 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane as a component.
S Design concentration (by volume)
◦
C m3/kg 6% 7% 8% 9% 10 % 11 % 12 % 13 % 14 % 15 %
−10 0,1215 0,5254 0,6196 0,7158 0,8142 0,9147 1,0174 1,1225 1,2301 1,3401 1,4527
−5 0,1241 0,5142 0,6064 0,7005 0,7967 0,8951 0,9957 1,0985 1,2038 1,3114 1,4216
0 0,1268 0,5034 0,5936 0,6858 0,7800 0,8763 0,9748 1,0755 1,1785 1,2839 1,3918
5 0,1294 0,4932 0,5816 0,6719 0,7642 0,8586 0,9550 1,0537 1,1546 1,2579 1,3636
10 0,1320 0,4834 0,5700 0,6585 0,7490 0,8414 0,9360 1,0327 1,1316 1,2328 1,3364
15 0,1347 0,4740 0,5589 0,6457 0,7344 0,8251 0,9178 1,0126 1,1096 1,2089 1,3105
20 0,1373 0,4650 0,5483 0,6335 0,7205 0,8094 0,9004 0,9934 1,0886 1,1859 1,2856
25 0,1399 0,4564 0,5382 0,6217 0,7071 0,7944 0,8837 0,9750 1,0684 1,1640 1,2618
30 0,1425 0,4481 0,5284 0,6104 0,6943 0,7800 0,8676 0,9573 1,0490 1,1428 1,2388
35 0,1450 0,4401 0,5190 0,5996 0,6819 0,7661 0,8522 0,9402 1,0303 1,1224 1,2168
40 0,1476 0,4324 0,5099 0,5891 0,6701 0,7528 0,8374 0,9239 1,0124 1,1029 1,1956
45 0,1502 0,4250 0,5012 0,5790 0,6586 0,7399 0,8230 0,9080 0,9950 1,0840 1,1751
50 0,1527 0,4180 0,4929 0,5694 0,6476 0,7276 0,8093 0,8929 0,9784 1,0660 1,1555
55 0,1553 0,4111 0,4847 0,5600 0,6369 0,7156 0,7960 0,8782 0,9623 1,0484 1,1365
60 0,1578 0,4045 0,4770 0,5510 0,6267 0,7041 0,7832 0,8641 0,9469 1,0316 1,1183
65 0,1604 0,3980 0,4694 0,5423 0,6167 0,6929 0,7707 0,8504 0,9318 1,0152 1,1005
70 0,1629 0,3919 0,4621 0,5338 0,6072 0,6821 0,7588 0,8371 0,9173 0,9994 1,0834
75 0,1654 0,3859 0,4550 0,5257 0,5979 0,6717 0,7471 0,8243 0,9033 0,9841 1,0668
80 0,1679 0,3801 0,4482 0,5178 0,5890 0,6617 0,7360 0,8120 0,8898 0,9694 1,0509
85 0,1704 0,3745 0,4416 0,5102 0,5803 0,6519 0,7251 0,8000 0,8767 0,9551 1,0354
90 0,1730 0,3690 0,4351 0,5027 0,5717 0,6423 0,7145 0,7883 0,8638 0,9411 1,0202
95 0,1755 0,3638 0,4290 0,4956 0,5636 0,6332 0,7044 0,7771 0,8516 0,9277 1,0057
100 0,1780 0,3587 0,4229 0,4886 0,5557 0,6243 0,6945 0,7662 0,8396 0,9147 0,9916
m/V is the agent mass requirement (in kilograms per cubic metre); i.e. mass, m, in kilograms of agent required per
cubic metre of protected volume V to produce the indicated concentration at the temperature specified;
V is the net volume of hazard (in cubic metres); i.e. the enclosed volume minus the fixed structures impervious to
extinguishant
c
V
m=
100 − c S
T is the temperature (in degrees Celsius); i.e. the design temperature in the hazard area;
S is the specific volume (in cubic metres per kilogram); the specific volume of superheated HFC 227ea vapour at a
pressure of 1,013 bar may be approximated by
S = k1 + k2 T
where k1 = 0,126 9; k2 = 0,000 513
c is the concentration (in percent); i.e. the volumetric concentration of HFC 227ea in air at the temperature indicated,
and a pressure of 1,013 bar absolute.
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BS ISO 14520-9:2006
Table 4 — HFC 227ea reference extinguishing and design concentrations

Fuel Extinguishment Minimum design
% by volume % by volume
Class B
Heptane (cup burner) 6,7 9,0
Heptane (room test) 6,9
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Surface Class A
Wood crib 4,9
PMMA 6,1 7,9
PP 6,1
ABS 6,1
a
Higher Hazard Class A 8,5
The extinguishment values for the Class B and the Surface Class A fuels are determined by testing in accordance with
ISO 14520-1:2006, Annexes B and C.
The minimum design concentration for the Class B fuel is the higher value of the heptane cup burner or room test heptane
extinguishment concentration multiplied by 1,3.
The minimum design concentration for Surface Class A fuel is the highest value of the wood crib, PMMA, PP or ABS
extinguishment concentrations multiplied by 1,3. In the absence of any of the 4 extinguishment values, the minimum design
concentration for Surface Class A shall be that of Higher Hazard Class A.
See ISO 14520-1:2006, 7.5.1.3, for guidance on Class A fuels.
The extinguishing and design concentrations for room-scale test fires are for informational purposes only. Lower and higher
extinguishing concentrations than those shown for room-scale test fires may be achieved and allowed when validated by
test reports from internationally recognized laboratories.
a The minimum design concentration for Higher Hazard Class A fuels shall be the higher of the Surface Class A or 95 % of the Class B
minimum design concentration.
Table 5 — HFC 227ea extinquishing and design concentrations for other fuels
Fuel Inertion Minimum design
Acetone 6,7 8,7
Ethanol 8,4 10,9
Ethyl acetate 6,7 8,7
Ethylene glycol 7,8 10,1
Kerosene 6,1 7,9
Methanol 9,5 12,4
Propane 7,4 9,6
Toluene 4,9 6,4
Extinguishing concentrations for Class B fuels derived in accordance with ISO 14520-1:2006, Annex B. Minimum design
values have been increased to the minimum design concentration established for heptane in accordance with
ISO 14520-1:2006, 7.5.1.
4
BS ISO 14520-9:2006
Table 6 — HFC 227ea inerting and design concentrations

Fuel Inertion Minimum design
Isobutane 11,3 12,4
1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC 1416) 6,7 8,7
1,1-Difluoroethane (HCFC 152a) 8,6 9,5
Difluoromethane (HCFC 32) 6,7 8,7
Ethylene oxide 13,6 15,0
Methane 8,0 8,8
Pentane
11,6 12,8
Propane
Inerting concentrations derived in accordance with ISO 14520-1:2006, 7.5.2 and Annex D.
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5 Safety of personnel
Any hazard to personnel created by the discharge of HFC 227ea shall be considered in the design of the
system.
Potential hazards can arise from the following:
a) the extinguishant itself;
b) the combustion products of the fire;
c) breakdown products of the extinguishant resulting from exposure to fire.
For minimum safety requirements, see ISO 14520-1:2006, Clause 5.
Toxicological information for HFC 227ea is given in Table 7.
Table 7 — Toxicological information for HFC 227ea

Property Value
% by volume
ALC > 80 at 20 % 02
No observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) 9,0
Lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) 10,5
ALC is the approximate lethal concentration for a rat population during a 4 h exposure.
6 System design
6.1 Fill density
The fill density of the container shall not exceed the values given in Tables 8 and 9 for 25 bar and 42 bar
systems, respectively.
Exceeding the maximum fill density may result in the container becoming “liquid full”, with the effect that an
extremely high rise in pressure occurs with small increases in temperature, which could adversely affect the
integrity of the container assembly.
The relationships between pressure and temperature are shown in Figures 1 and 2 for various levels of fill
density.

BS ISO 14520-9:2006
Table 8 — Storage container characteristics for HFC 227ea — 25 bar

Property Unit Value
Maximum fill density kg/m3 1 150
◦ ab
Maximum container working pressure at 50 C bar 34
◦ ab
Superpressurization at 21 C bar 25
Reference should be made to Figure 1 for further data on pressure/temperature relationships.
a
Gauge.
b 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2 .
Table 9 — Storage container characteristics for HFC 227ea — 42 bar

Property Unit Value
Maximum fill density kg/m3 1 150
◦ ab
Maximum container working pressure at 50 C bar 53
◦ ab
Superpressurization at 21 C bar 42
Reference should be made to Figure 2 for further data on pressure/temperature relationships.
a
Absolute.
b 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2 .
6.2 Superpressurization
with
Containers shall be superpressurized
nitrogen with+a2,1moisture
content of not more than 60 × 10−6 by
bar or 42 0 bar at a temperature of 21 ◦ C (see Clause 1 for
+1,25
mass to an equilibrium pressure of 25 0
exception).
6.3 Extinguishant quantity
The quantity of extinguishant shall be the minimum required to achieve the design concentration within the
hazard volume at the minimum expected temperature, determined using Table 3 and the method according to
ISO 14520-1:2006, 7.6.
The design concentrations shall be those specified for relevant hazards in Table 4, including a 1,3 safety factor
on the extinguishing concentration. Consideration should be given to increasing this factor for particular
hazards, while seeking advice from the relevant authority.
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6
BS ISO 14520-9:2006
Values of density in kilograms per cubic metre
Key
◦
X temperature, C
Y pressure, bar
Figure 1 — Temperature/pressure graph for HFC 227ea — Superpressurized with nitrogen

to 25 bar at 21 ◦ C
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BS ISO 14520-9:2006
Values of density in kilograms per cubic metre
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Key
◦
X temperature, C
Y pressure, bar
Figure 2 — Temperature/pressure graph for HFC 227ea — Superpressurized with nitrogen

to 42 bar at 21 ◦ C
8
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blank
BS ISO
14520-9:2006
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BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO

This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 14520-9:2006 and implements

— aid enquirers to understand the text;

— present to the responsible international/European committee any

A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on

Amendments issued since publication

ISBN 0 580 48319 3

Copyright British Standards Institution

Copyright British Standards Institution

— Part 1: General requirements

— Part 2: CF3 I extinguishant

— Part 5: FK-5-1-12 extinguishant

— Part 6: HCFC Blend A extinguishant --`,,`,,,`,`,,`,,,,``,,`,`,`,,,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

— Part 8: HFC 125 extinguishant

— Part 9: HFC 227ea extinguishant

— Part 10: HFC 23 extinguishant

— Part 11: HFC 236fa extinguishant

— Part 12: IG-01 extinguishant

— Part 13: IG-100 extinguishant

— Part 14: IG-55 extinguishant

— Part 15: IG-541 extinguishant

Copyright British Standards Institution iii

Copyright British Standards Institution

Gaseous fire-extinguishing systems — Physical properties and

3 Terms and definitions

4 Characteristics and uses

The physical properties are given in Table 2.

Copyright British Standards Institution 1

Table 1 — Specification for HFC 227ea

Table 2 — Physical properties of HFC 227ea

4.2 Use of HFC 227ea systems

Table 3 — HFC 227ea total flooding quantity

where k1 = 0,126 9; k2 = 0,000 513

Copyright British Standards Institution 3

Table 4 — HFC 227ea reference extinguishing and design concentrations

See ISO 14520-1:2006, 7.5.1.3, for guidance on Class A fuels.

Table 6 — HFC 227ea inerting and design concentrations

Potential hazards can arise from the following:

a) the extinguishant itself;

b) the combustion products of the fire;

c) breakdown products of the extinguishant resulting from exposure to fire.

For minimum safety requirements, see ISO 14520-1:2006, Clause 5.

Toxicological information for HFC 227ea is given in Table 7.

Table 7 — Toxicological information for HFC 227ea

6.1 Fill density

Copyright British Standards Institution 5

Table 8 — Storage container characteristics for HFC 227ea — 25 bar

Table 9 — Storage container characteristics for HFC 227ea — 42 bar

6.3 Extinguishant quantity

Values of density in kilograms per cubic metre

Figure 1 — Temperature/pressure graph for HFC 227ea — Superpressurized with nitrogen

Copyright British Standards Institution 7

Values of density in kilograms per cubic metre

Figure 2 — Temperature/pressure graph for HFC 227ea — Superpressurized with nitrogen

Copyright British Standards Institution

Copyright British Standards Institution

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