EASC 101 Lab 2 Minerals Part 2 (50 marks)

Name (Last Name, First Name): Su, Jason

Student Number: 301347559
Lab Section: D102
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INSTRUCTIONS
 Today we continue on with mineral identification. Please review your
marked Lab 1 Assignment and Lectures 1 & 2 (if needed)
 Demonstration video clips: For each mineral I-R, the mineral will be shown,
described and tested. Use the videos and photographs to complete the
Mineral Data Charts.
 Upload the completed assignment to Canvas
o Name your file as such: last name, underscore, first name, underscore,
lab section
 Example: Hansen_Cindy_D101
 Please upload the file with an extension of .doc or .docx
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LAB RESOURCES (these are in the Lab 1 module used last week)
 Scanned figures from the AGI/NAGT Lab Manual in Physical Geology:
o Mineral hardness chart and diagrams
o Mineral cleavage chart
o Mineral flow charts
 metallic lustre
 nonmetallic lustre – light coloured
 nonmetallic lustre – dark coloured
o Mineral database (alphabetical listing of mostly common minerals)

LAB RESOURCES (in the Lab 2 module)

 Scanned figures from the AGI/NAGT Lab Manual in Physical Geology:
o amphibole and pyroxene (cleavage diagrams)
o feldspar (cleavage diagrams)
o feldspar exsolution lamellae and striations

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IMPORTANT NOTES FOR COMPLETING THE MINERAL DATA CHARTS (same as
for Lab 1)
 Colour: Note the colour or colour variations, and if the mineral is obviously transparent
and/or transluscent (otherwise by default it is opaque).
 Lustre: If it has a metallic colour and shine, then the lustre is metallic. Otherwise it is
nonmetallic (or perhaps submetallic). If nonmetallic, add detail such as vitreous (glassy),
waxy or earthy.
 Streak: If the mineral is harder than the streak plate, then one could either refer to the
Mineral Database and look up what the colour of the powdered mineral actually is, or we can
just make like simple and say ‘not applicable’…. So let’s go with simple.
 Hardness: To identify minerals we don’t need an exact hardness, rather we bracket into one
of four hardness ranges based on comparisons tests between the hardness of the mineral
with our fingernail, a glass plate and a streak plate. If you like you can also add the exact
hardness if it is one we know defined on Mohs hardness scale. Example calcite: soft (between
2.5 and 5.5), specifically H=3.
o very soft (<2.5) o hard (between 5.5 and 6.5)
o soft (between 2.5 and 5.5) o very hard (>6.5)
 Cleavage options:
No cleavage visible
1 cleavage direction (basal cleavage)
2 cleavage directions at 90 degrees
2 cleavage directions not at 90 degrees
3 cleavage directions at 90 degrees (cubic cleavage)
3 cleavage directions not at 90 degrees (rhombic cleavage)
4 cleavage directions (no need to note angle, they have to be not at 90 degrees)
6 cleavage directions (no need to note angle, they have to be not at 90 degrees)
 Fracture options:
no fracture visible
conchoidal fracture
irregular/uneven fracture
 Crystal form (if present describe the shape that the crystal has grown in)
 Other notable properties (if present)
 Mineral name – use the flowcharts to identify each mineral
 Mineral classification and chemical formula - The chemical formula can be found in the
alphabetical listing of minerals in the Mineral Database. You will see it written as a chemical
formula and as words. Example: quartz SiO2 silicon dioxide
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Each sample is worth a total of 5 marks. Assignment total = 50 marks

2
 Mineral Data Chart – Sample I
Colour / colours Black, clear, goldish tint
Lustre Submetallic? (one of them has a shine to
it, but not quite metallic like), waxy
Streak (for minerals softer than the streak plate) Too flexible, can’t really make a streak
Hardness Very soft (<2.5)
Cleavage (if present) Sheets, 1 cleavage direction (basal
cleavage)
Fracture (if present) none
Crystal form (if present) N/A
Other notable properties Flexible, does not react with acid
Mineral name Biotite (black mica) and muscovite
(clear mica)
Chemical formula K(Mg, Fe)3(Al, Si3O10)(OH, F)2
KAl2(Al, Si3O10)(OH, F)2
Mineral Class (+ mineral group / variety if Silicate (nonferromagnesian = no
applicable) iron/magnesium for the clear ones, and
ferromagnesian = contains iron or
magnesium for the black ones

Mineral Data Chart – Sample J

Colour / colours Greenish-gold
Lustre Shiny, metallic
Streak (for minerals softer than the streak plate) Black
Hardness Hard (5.5-6.5)
Cleavage (if present) N/A
Fracture (if present) N/A
Crystal form (if present) N/A
Other notable properties Looks like a rock
Mineral name Chalcopyrite or pyrite? (matches pyrite
more, but small hints of lighter colour
might indicate chalcopyrite coating?
Meaning hardness was inaccurate as it
was from the rock mixed in.
Chemical formula CuFeS2 (for Chalcopyrite) or FeS2
(pyrite)
Mineral Class (+ mineral group / variety if Sulphides
applicable)
3
 Mineral Data Chart – Sample K
Colour / colours Bronze, purple
Lustre Shiny, metallic
Streak (for minerals softer than the streak plate) Light yellow
Hardness Soft (2.5-5.5)
Cleavage (if present) 4 directions of cleavage? (prof said at
least 4 flat surfaces)
Fracture (if present) (wasn’t really mentioned, but seems like
there is?)
Crystal form (if present) (don’t think there is? Hard to tell from
just picture)
Other notable properties
Mineral name Sphalerite
Chemical formula ZnS
Mineral Class (+ mineral group / variety if sulfide
applicable)

Mineral Data Chart – Sample L

Colour / colours White, red, yellowish, greyish
Lustre Shiny
Streak (for minerals softer than the streak plate) White
Hardness Soft (2.2-5.5)
Cleavage (if present) 3 directions of cleavage (not at 90
degrees I think)
Fracture (if present) No fracture
Crystal form (if present) N/A
Other notable properties Rock-like, will effervesce in HCl if
powdered
Mineral name Dolomite
Chemical formula CaMg(CO3)2
Mineral Class (+ mineral group / variety if Carbonates
applicable)

4
 Mineral Data Chart – Sample M
Colour / colours Black, greenish-black
Lustre Shiny
Streak (for minerals softer than the streak plate) Light grey
Hardness Hard (5.5-6.5)
Cleavage (if present) 2 directions of cleavage not at 90
degrees
Fracture (if present) Irregular/uneven fracture
Crystal form (if present) N/A
Other notable properties Mirror-like surfaces
Mineral name Actinolite
Chemical formula Ca2Si8O22(OH)2
Mineral Class (+ mineral group / variety if Silicate
applicable)

Mineral Data Chart – Sample N

Colour / colours Dark green to greenish black
Lustre Shiny
Streak (for minerals softer than the streak plate) Whitish-gray
Hardness Hard (5.5-6.5)
Cleavage (if present) 2 directions of cleavage at 90 degrees
Fracture (if present) Irregular/uneven fracture
Crystal form (if present) N/A
Other notable properties
Mineral name Augite?
Chemical formula (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)(Si,Al)2O6
Mineral Class (+ mineral group / variety if Ferromagnesian silicate
applicable)

5
 Mineral Data Chart – Sample 0
Colour / colours Translucent, whitish
Lustre Waxy
Streak (for minerals softer than the streak plate) White
Hardness Very Soft (<2.5)
Cleavage (if present) 1 direction of cleavage
Fracture (if present) No fracture
Crystal form (if present) N/A
Other notable properties Does not react to acid
Mineral name Gypsum
Chemical formula CaSO4*2H2O
Mineral Class (+ mineral group / variety if sulfate
applicable)

Mineral Data Chart – Sample P

Colour / colours Black
Lustre Sparkly
Streak (for minerals softer than the streak plate) Black
Hardness Hard (5.5-6.5)
Cleavage (if present) N/A
Fracture (if present) N/A
Crystal form (if present) N/A
Other notable properties Magnetic
Mineral name Magnetite
Chemical formula Fe3O4
Mineral Class (+ mineral group / variety if oxide
applicable)

6
 Mineral Data Chart – Sample Q
Colour / colours Bluish-silver
Lustre Metallic
Streak (for minerals softer than the streak plate) Dark silver
Hardness Soft (2.5-5.5)
Cleavage (if present) 3 directions of cleavage at 90 degrees
Fracture (if present) No fracture
Crystal form (if present)
Other notable properties Large specific gravity
Mineral name Galena
Chemical formula PbS
Mineral Class (+ mineral group / variety if sulfide
applicable)

Mineral Data Chart – Sample R

Colour / colours Various colours – pink, white, blue-grey
Lustre Shiny
Streak (for minerals softer than the streak plate) White
Hardness Hard (5.5-6.5)
Cleavage (if present) 2 directions of cleavage at 90 degrees
Fracture (if present) Irregular/uneven fracture
Crystal form (if present)
Other notable properties Striations, fine lines to one side
Mineral name Plagioclase feldspar
Chemical formula NaAlSi3O8 to CaAl2Si2O8
Mineral Class (+ mineral group / variety if Silicate, nonferromagnesian
applicable)