Professional Documents
Culture Documents
II. Ceiling Suspended Fans/AHU’s/FCU’s and other rotating equipment:
13 48 00 | VIBRATION, NOISE AND SEISMIC CONTROLS
a. All hangers shall have static deflections equal to or larger than 25mm.
b. Each piece of equipment shall be suspended by means of spring hangers
consisting of a steel housing or retainer incorporating a steel spring and
neoprene‐in‐shear.
c. If the equipment to be suspended is not furnished with integral structural
frame and external mounting lugs of suitable strength and rigidity, install
approved structural base with lugs in the field.
III. Support of Piping:
a. Suspend all piping in mechanical rooms on resilient hangers. Where piping is
to be supported from the floor, provide specially designed supports to be
detailed in shop drawings.
b. For piping connected to vibration isolated equipment pipe supports within 10
pipe diameters of the equipment shall have a static deflection of twice the
deflection of the vibration‐isolated equipment. All other piping supports shall
have a static deflection of 25 mm minimum.
c. Where specific supports (Seismic or other) are detailed on drawings or
specified elsewhere these shall be checked by the specialist consultant
retained by the contractor, and any adjustments or changes required to these
supports shall be carried out after the Engineers approval, at no extra cost.
IV. Floor‐Mounted Centrifugal Pumps
Larger than 2.2 kW:
Mount each pump with motor on spring supported steel and concrete inertia
base reinforced if necessary, of thickness as follows,
Pumps up to 3.73 kW ‐ 150mm
Pumps 5.63 to 18.6 kW ‐ 250mm
Pumps >18,6 to 37.3 kW ‐ 400mm
Pump >27.3 to 74.5 kW ‐ 600mm
Each base for horizontally split pumps shall include supports for base elbows
for the discharge and suction connections and for vertically split pumps shall
include support for base elbow for suction connection. Bolt and grout base
elbows to the steel and concrete pump base.
Mount the steel and concrete base on spring mountings. Where the concrete
base is 'T' shaped or other than rectangular, locate the spring mountings under
the projections as well as the main body of the base. Spring mountings shall be
self‐contained concrete inserts with flush openings on the side of the base for
spring adjustment or removal. Pour bases 'on roofing felt and elevate 50mm
with mounting adjustment bolts after the pumps are grouted to the base.
Alternatively, the bases may be constructed as specified for Floor‐Mounted
Centrifugal Fans. No damping or snubbing materials shall be used spring
deflection shall be at least 25mm and all mountings shall have 6mm thick
neoprene vibration Isolation pads at the bottom.
13 48 00 | VIBRATION, NOISE AND SEISMIC CONTROLS
Pump and motor shall be on one‐piece base. Base of two or more sections
welded or bolted together is not acceptable.
2.2 kW or less:
Bolt and grout each pump to neoprene‐in‐shear supported reinforced
concrete base which is a minimum of 150 mm thick. Neoprene‐in‐shear
mountings shall have a minimum static deflection of 6 mm. All metal surfaces
shall have friction neoprene pads both top and bottom so they need not be
bolted to the base or the floor.
V. Basement Floor‐Mounted Centrifugal pumps:
Bolt and grout each pump to a steel and concrete base supported on 25mm 15mm
thick neoprene‐steel‐neoprene pads. The neoprene‐steel‐ neoprene pads shall be in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions for the size and weight distribution
of the pump supported. The minimum concrete base thickness shall be:
Pumps less than 3.73 kW ‐ 150mm
Pumps 5.63 to 18.6 kW ‐ 200mm
Pumps >18,6 to 37.3 kW ‐ 400mm
Pump >27.3 to 74.5 kW ‐ 600mm
VI. Factory‐Built Silencers:
a. All silencers shall be completely pre‐fabricated of noncombustible materials
and shall have a minimum insertion loss to suit equipment and required
terminal noise levels and a maximum air pressure drop of 62 Pa.
b. Acoustic media shall be packed under compression and protected from air
erosion by minimum 22 U.S. gauge. perforated galvanized sheet metal.
c. Silencers with internal air velocities above 22.86 m/s shall have acoustic media
additionally protected from erosion by glass fiber cloth. ,
d. Silencers shall have 50 mm slip connections unless specified otherwise.
Silencers shall be painted with anti‐rust prime coat. Supply lifting lugs on units
with cross sectional dimensions larger than 600 mm.
e. Class 1 silencers of rectangular construction shall have an outer shell of 22 U.S.
gauge. minimum sheet metal and shall be used in ductwork not in excess of
1000 Pa or the design pressure of the silencer, whichever is lower.
f. Class 2 silencers of rectangular construction shall have an outer sheet of 16
U.S. gauge sheet metal, with continuous welded seams and painted with one
anti‐rust prime coat. Splitter shall be reinforced with formed channels. End
connections shall be steel angle flanges. They shall be used in ducts over 1000
Pa or where Class 1 silencers cannot be used.
g. Circular silencers shall be all welded construction, with a minimum 16 U.S.
gauge sheet metal outer shell and 22 U.S. gauge perforated sheet metal inner
shell, for diameters over 600 mm. For smaller sizes, 18 U.S. gauge and 24 U.S.
gauge respectively, shall be acceptable.
h. The insertion loss shall consist of sound pressure level in the diffuse sound field
of a reverberant room where a silencer is substituted for the same length of
empty duct and the rest of the system unchanged.
13 48 00 | VIBRATION, NOISE AND SEISMIC CONTROLS
VII. Vibration Isolators
a. All steel spring isolators should include a neoprene pad at least 10 mm thick
mounted next to and in series with the spring.
b. Seismic restraints should be employed in all steel spring isolators to limit
movement of the equipment in the vertical and horizontal directions. These
restraints shall not bypass the isolation under normal operating conditions.
c. The neoprene used in isolation (unless otherwise stated) should have a
durometer between 30 and 70.
d. All rubber isolators should be double acting with no through‐bolted
connections.
e. There shall be at least a 50 mm air space between the bottom of the isolated
equipment and the floor slab.
VIII. Electrical equipment
a. Electrical equipment (busbars, cable trays, large conduits) shall be installed to
comply with the manufacturer’s recommendations or applicable sections of
this specification.
IX. GENSETS
a. VIBRATION AND CRITICAL SPEEDS
i. Torsional natural frequencies of the engine drive system: including
couplings and drive equipment, should be avoided within 10% of any
shaft speed in the rotating system.
ii. Anti‐vibration mounts shall be provided between the equipment skid
and the pad vibration pads to be provided by supplier shall be design
to ensure 99.9% vibration elimination on the floor slab. All piping
connections to engine, except the exhaust, shall be via steel braided
flexible hoses.
b. SOUND & WEATHER PROOF CANOPIES
i. Provide sound proof gen set canopies as called for internal documents.
ii. Sound proof canopies shall be constructed of steel plate (unien 10025)
and all related hardware shall be galvanized. The canopy shall be
treated against all types of corrosion & rusting shall have an antirusting
warranty of 15 years.
iii. The base shall be of cold pressed steel sections of adequate thickness
for mounting the genset fixed on its own base.
iv. The super structure shall be constructed of frame works posts to
support the roof & walls.
v. The wall shall be constructed of an assembly of welded steel plates and
be provide with doors for permitting easy maintenance and removal of
the genset.
vi. Impermeability and the acoustics sealing is to be assumed by the
application of proper gaskets.
vii. Walls & roof shall be insulated with fiber glass of density 100 kg per
meter cube.
13 48 00 | VIBRATION, NOISE AND SEISMIC CONTROLS
viii. The insulation thickness shall be such to enable 30dba noise reduction,
the canopy shall be degreased, prime with epoxidic primer and
furnished in polyurethane enamel, additionally the external surfaces
shall be sandblasted and protected with inorganic galvanized material
before painting.
ix. The canopy shall be internally lit. The canopy shall be provided with an
earthing point.
x. The contractor shall submit documentation for approval giving full
demonstrational details for the canopy and all required technical
information.
xi. The canopy shall be constructed from pre‐formed heavy gauge mild
steel section with a 3 mm. Thick plate. The whole structure shall be
weather proof, scratch proof and corrosion resistant and shall have
vandal resistant lock with substantial hinges.
xii. The interior shall be lined with a high density layer of sound absorbing
element specially treated with heat resistant chemical, before laying in
the necessary portion from inside the canopy including the roof portion
with perforated metal sheets, and spray painted with paint to minimize
fire hazards.
xiii. The mineral wool will be retained in position with perforated minimum
22 swg steel sheeting having an area not less than 40%.
xiv. A shield plate and a compound sealant will be used around the roof
mounted exhaust silencer.
xv. The canopy shall be close fit type with proper lockable access doors and
transparent panels for operating controls on the genset and routine
maintenance.
xvi. Full rated continuous running of the set must be possible with all doors
and access panels shut.
xvii. There shall be provision for a filling pipe, air vent and a mechanical fuel
gauge. Enough space should be provided in the canopy for changing of
lube oil. Cooling water drains piped to the exterior shall be provided as
well.
xviii. The base frame shall have provision for lifting points to avoid damage
to the generator and canopy whilst transporting.
xix. Anti vibration mountings. The canopy and d.g. set must be provided
with anti vibration mounting to attenuate vibration down to 0.0%
c. Piping/ Electrical Connections to Mechanical Equipment
i. All electrical connections should be made via flexible cable with enough
length to create a slack, looped connection. No conduit clamps or
hangers shall be used between the flexible conduit and equipment.
ii. All piping connections to equipment should incorporate flexible rubber
expansion joints close to the equipment.
iii. The first three pipe supports outside the expansion joints should
incorporate steel spring isolators with a static deflection of at least
equal to the equipment isolator static deflection.
iv. The first three isolators should be of the pre‐compressed type to avoid
excessive loading on the piping.
13 48 00 | VIBRATION, NOISE AND SEISMIC CONTROLS
v. Vibration isolation hangers should be installed with spring as close to
ceiling as possible.
vi. Penetrations of walls or floors should allow for a 25 mm clearance
around the pipe. The gap should be stuffed with glass fibre insulation
and sealed with non‐hardening, caulking.
vii. The pipe should not be allowed to rest on the side of the hole.
d. HVAC Ducting
i. Flexible duct connections should be provided between all fans and
ductwork.
ii. Resilient thrust restraints should be incorporated into the flexible
connections to eliminate loading of the flexible connection. The
restraints should be steel spring isolators having a static deflection of
at least 19 mm.
iii. Wall or floor duct penetrations should allow for a 13mm clearance
around the duct. The gap should be stuffed with glass fibre insulation
and sealed with non‐hardening caulking. The duct should be supported
on both sides of the wall. Where passing through a fire rated wall or
shaft wall intumescent packing material shall be used.
iv. Variable‐air‐volume (VAV) units (if and where used) should be mounted
as high in the ceiling space as possible, at least 2m away from any
return air opening.
v. The ducting from the VAV box (if and where used) to the diffuser should
be lined with acoustic insulation, at least 25 mm thick; the use of
adhesive pins will not be acceptable.
vi. The ducting to supply air diffusers or VAV boxes (if and where used)
should be straight and unobstructed for at least 3 duct diameters
upstream of the diffuser.
vii. The supply ducting should not include a damper within at least 3 duct
diameters, upstream of a supply diffuser.
viii. Any equipment not mentioned in this list of recommendations should
be installed using good Engineering practice to minimize noise impacts.
e. Air Handling Unit Housing
i. Provide isolation pads between housing and curb.
ii. Where housing is bolted to curb, isolate bolts with neoprene washers
and bushings.
f. SEISMIC RESTRAINTS
i. Install and adjust seismic restraints so that the equipment and piping
vibration isolation is not degraded by the restraints.
ii. Each vibration isolation frame for supported equipment shall have a
minimum of four seismic snubbers mounted as close as possible to the
vibration isolators and/or the frame extremities.
iii. Care shall be taken so that a minimum 3.2 mm air gap in the seismic
restraint snubber is preserved on all sides so that the vibration isolation
potential of the isolator is not compromised. This requires that the
13 48 00 | VIBRATION, NOISE AND SEISMIC CONTROLS
final snubber adjustment be completed after the vibration isolators are
properly installed and the installation approved.
iv. Suspended Equipment, Ductwork, and Piping‐Cable Method: Install
cables so that they do not carry any load. Install with a minimum
amount of slack or sag. The uplift and downward restraint nuts and
washers for the Type HST hangers shall be adjusted so that there is a
minimum 1/4‐inch clearance.
v. All vibration isolated rectangular or oval ductwork with area of 0.6 m2
or greater and all vibration isolated round ductwork 700 mm diameter
and larger shall be seismically restrained by the cable method.
vi. All vibration isolated suspended piping 63.5 mm or larger, vibration
isolated suspended piping in mechanical rooms 32 mm or larger, and
vibration isolated suspended gas, hazardous, or life‐safety piping 25
mm or larger shall be seismically restrained by the cable method.