 Findings/Analysis

The experiment shows the behavior of two centrifugal pumps with different characteristics
connected in parallel. It shows that centrifugal pump in parallel will lead to increase in flow rate
with the same head. Centrifugal pumps in parallel are used to overcome larger volume flows than
one pump can handle alone, for two identical pumps in parallel and the head kept constant the
flowrate doubles compared to a single pump.

 Conclusion
As we go on through our experiment, it shows that our data was able to comply with the
theoretical basis for this experiment. We want our data to be as close as possible but there are
some errors that we can’t afford so that could be a problem in getting an accurate data. The
graphs shows the behavior of the pump as we configure the system. We can also conclude that
using centrifugal pump in parallel will lead to an increase in flow rate and is commonly use to
get higher pressure and higher volume. At the end of the experiment, we were able to
successfully finish the experiment and understand the usage of the equipment and how it works
in actual..
 Questions

1) What is rotameter?
The rotameter is an industrial flowmeter used to measure the flowrate of liquids and
gases. The rotameter consists of a tube and float. The float response to flowrate changes
is linear, and a 10-to-1 flow range or turndown is standard.

2) What are the types of rotameter and discuss the application of each type?
Glass Tube rotameter- The basic rotameter is the glass tube indicating-type. The tube is
precision formed of borosilicate glass, and the float is precisely machined from metal,
glass or plastic. The metal float is usually made of stainless steel to provide corrosion
resistance. The float has a sharp metering edge where the reading is observed by means
of a scale mounted alongside the tube. End fittings and connections of various materials
and styles are available. The important elements are the tube and float, often called the
tube-and-float combination, because it is this portion of the rotameter which provides the
measurement. In fact, similar glass tube and stainless steel float combinations are
generally available, regardless of the type of case or end fittings the application can
demand, so as best to meet customer requirements. The scale of the rotameter can be
calibrated for direct reading of air or water, or it may have a scale to read a percent of
range or an arbitrary scale to be used with conversion equations or charts. Safety-shielded
glass tube rotameters are in general use throughout industry for measuring both liquids
and gases. They provide flow capacities to about 60 GPM, and are manufactured with
end fittings of metal or plastic to meet the chemical characteristics of the fluid being
metered.
 Metal Tube Flowmeter- For higher pressures and temperatures beyond the practical range
of glass tubes, metal tubes are used. These are usually manufactured in aluminim, brass
or stainless steel. The position of the piston is determined by magnetic or mechanical
followers that can be read from the outside of the metal metering tube. Similar to glass
tube rotameters, the spring-and-piston combination determines the flowrate, and the
fittings and materials of construction must be chosen so as to satisfy the demands of the
applications. These meters are used for services where high operating pressure or
temperature, water hammer, or other forces would damage glass metering tubes. Spring
and piston flowmeters can be used for most fluids, including corrosive liquids and gases.
They are particularly well suited for steam applications, where glass tubes are
unacceptable.

Heavy Duty/Industrial Pressure Transducer- Heavy Duty/Industrial Pressure transducers

feature a much more rugged enclosure than other transducers. They are designed to
accommodate heavy industrial environments. They also often feature a scalable 4-20mA
output that provides much greater immunity to electrical noise which is not uncommon in
industrial environments.
3) What is the purpose of connecting centrifugal pump in parallel?
We connect the centrifugal pumps in parallel to increase the volume flow rate it doubles
the flowrate compare to a single pump.

4) What are the practical or industrial application of parallel pump connection?

- Provides up to 90% redundancy of the design flow with a single pump, which equates to
significant standby protection that supports the system when one pump is down. Since
heat transfer varies as a square function of flow, a single pump operating to supply a
process is very close to design heat transfer rates, which further increases system
redundancy.
- Reduces the motor size required for a standalone pump, making this redundancy cost
effective. In some cases, electrical wiring savings can be significant.
- Matches flow to load better, which means a single large pump is not required to
continually pump full flow against a control valve at high turndown.
- Saves amps on motor starts for plants that are restricted by demand charges or electrical
entrance limitations.

5) Describe the pump performance curve of parallel pump.

Centrifugal pumps in parallel are used to overcome larger volume flows than one pump can
handle alone.

 for two identical pumps in parallel and the head kept constant - the flowrate doubles
compared to a single pump as indicated with point 2
Note! In practice the combined head and volume flow moves along the system curve as indicated
from 1 to 3.

 point 3 is where the system operates with both pumps running 

 point 1 is where the system operates with one pump running
In practice, if one of the pumps in parallel or series stops, the operation point moves along the
system resistance curve from point 3 to point 1 - the head and flow rate are decreased.

Note that for two pumps with equal performance curves running in parallel

 the head for each pump equals the head at point 3

 the flow for each pump equals half the flow at point 3