JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 1

Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark only one answer for each item by
marking the box corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES
ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 1 only.

MULTIPLE CHOICE:

1. Under what condition may the contractor suspend work/terminate contract?

A. If architect fails to act upon payment request within 15 days after presentation of request.
B. If owner fails to act upon payment request within 5 days after presentation of request.
C. If architect fails to act upon payment request within 5 days after presentation of request.
D. If owner fails to pay contractor the agreed sum within 10 days after arbitrator’s award.

2. In the construction documents stage of the architect’s design services, which of the following are prepared?
1. procurement specifications
2. bill of materials
3. cost estimates
4. site evaluation
5. all listed items
A. 1, 3, 4
B. 5
C. 1, 2, 3
D. 2, 3, 4

3. An owner required changes after approval of plans, which necessitates extra drafting and other expenses. How should the
Architect be compensated for such extra services?
A. Cost of personnel salaries/materials
B. No extra payment necessary
C. Additional percentage of agreed architect’s fee
D. Direct cost of consultant of consultant fee/personnel/material cost

4. Which compensation method for architect’s services establishes a fixed sum over and above reimbursement for
architect’s technical time and overhead?
A. professional fee plus expenses
B. per diem plus reimbursable expense
C. percentage of construction cost
D. multiples of direct personnel expenses

5. Who signs and seals as-built architectural plans, which are required for obtaining a certificate of occupancy?
A. structural engineer
B. contractor
C. architect
D. civil engineer

6. Under the owner-architect agreement, which of the following is/are chargeable to the owner?
A. design of movable closets/cabinets
B. all listed items
C. landscaping
D. taxes on services (except income tax)

7. Under the architect’s design-build services, which of the following conditions should be observed?
A. permits/licenses paid by architect
B. client appoints personnel/other support staff
C. personnel costs deducted from architect’s fee
D. none of listed items
JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 2
Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
8. Under BP 344, which of the following is NOT generally considered as a basic physical planning requirement?
A. durability
B. safety
C. accessibility
D. orientation

9. What is referred to as an outline specifications enumerating the type or trade names of materials to be used?
A. bid bulletin
B. general conditions
C. schedule of materials and finishes
D. specifications

10. In PD 1096, which of the following conditions

1. inadequate sanitation/health facilities
2. improper occupancy
3. improper location
4. illegal construction
5. all listed items/conditions
indicate dangerous buildings/structures?
A. 1, 3, 4
B. 2, 3, 4
C. 5
D. 1, 2, 3

11. Which of the following services is NOT included in the architect’s fee for professional services?
A. structural services
B. electrical services
C. sanitary/mechanical engineering services
D. surveys/soil exploration

12. Which of the following does NOT constitute the post-construction services of the architect?
A. post-construction evaluation
B. building/equipment maintenance
C. real property evaluation
D. building/ground administration

13. In the architect’s range of services, under which services does landscape design fall?
A. construction
B. design
C. pre-design
D. specialized allied

14. With regards to responsibilities to his CLIENT, which of the following is/are expected of the architect?
A. presents examples of professional experience
B. explains conditions of project cost estimates
C. ascertains exact nature/scope of services/professional fees
D. all listed items

15. Under the Fire Code, what is the maximum width (meters) of a single door in a doorway?
A. 0.80
B. 1.50
C. 1.40
D. 1.22
JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 3
Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
16. In the architect’s post-construction services, under which services does the architect evaluate the plan’s functional and
construction design effectiveness?
A. building/equipment maintenance
B. building/grounds administration
C. comprehensive services
D. post-construction evaluation

17. What legal mandate created the Fire Code of the Philippines?
A. PD 1285
B. PD 1187
C. PD 1282
D. PD 1185

18. What type of specifications specifies the manufacturer’s name/brand name?

A. performance
B. descriptive
C. closed
D. brand name

19. In the architect’s range of services, which of the following comprise/s PRE-DESIGN services?
A. construction scheduling
B. perspective layout
C. schematic design
D. economic feasibility studies

20. Under PD 1096, when adequate railings for protection are required, what should be their minimum height (meters)?
A. 1.20
B. 1.00
C. 0.90
D. 0.80

21. Which of the following factors determine the multiplier in the multiple direct personnel expenses?
A. architect’s experience
B. all listed items
C. complexity of project
D. office set-up

22. What advantage does the design-build services of the architect have in terms of construction budget?
A. fixed construction budget
B. corrections done immediately
C. fixed construction period
D. convenience

23. Under PD 1096, which of the following is a reason for non-issuance of a building permit?
A. lot registered in applicant’s name
B. errors found in plans and specifications
C. incomplete detailed bill of materials
D. no construction work program/Gantt chart

24. Which of the following is NOT performed by the architect under the design-build services by administration?
A. keeps records and books of accounts
B. advances funding for payment of expenditures connected with the work
C. appoints construction superintendent, purchasing agent, timekeeper, property clerks, etc.
D. prepares schedule of work, construction program, construction estimates, bill of materials, etc.
JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 4
Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
25. In the architect’s specialized services, under which services does the architect conduct bids/negotiations with
furniture fabricators/suppliers?
A. landscape design
B. interior design
C. environmental planning
D. physical planning

26. Under PD 1096, when adequate railings for protection are required, what should be their minimum height (meters)?
A. 1.00
B. 1.20
C. 0.90
D. 0.80

27. Which of the following is NOT included in architect’s fee for professional services?
A. electrical services
B. surveys/soil exploration
C. structural services
D. sanitary/mechanical engineering services

28. What legislation measures mandates the PRC to support only accredited professional organizations and their
members?
A. LOI 1096
B. LOI 223
C. LOI 1098
D. LOI 1000

29. Which of the following standards/requirements for buildings and structures is/are regulated/controlled by PD 1096?
A. use
B. maintenance
C. all listed items
D. occupancy

30. Under BP 220, what do you call the minimum possible deviance from standards which is permitted to make a highly
beneficial housing project feasible?
A. variance
B. minimum basic requirement
C. exemption
D. permits

31. In the architect’s range of services, under which services does post-construction evaluation fall?
A. construction
B. comprehensive planning
C. post-construction
D. design-build

32. Under PD 1096, what is referred to as construction in an existing building/structure involving physical change to
increase its value (area), utility, and/or improve its aesthetic quality?
A. alteration
B. renovation
C. repair
D. conversion

33. What aspect of architect’s professional services do interior design belong?

A. physical planning
B. regular design services
C. specialized allied services
D. comprehensive planning
JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 5
Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 6
Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
34. What is the maximum width (meters) of space allowed by the Building Official to encroach a public sidewalk, street
or alley to be used during construction?
A. 1.20
B. 1.50
C. 2.00
D. 1.00

35. In the architect’s range of services, under which services does building/equipment maintenance fall?
A. post construction
B. specialized allied
C. design-build
D. comprehensive

36. What legal mandate provides for installation/incorporation in buildings, as well as streets and highways, such as
architectural/structural features in order to enhance mobility of disabled persons?
A. BP 433
B. PD 229
C. PD 344
D. BP 344

37. Under the design-build services by administration, what would be the architect’s fee if the project cost is 500 million
pesos?
A. 35 million pesos
B. 30 million pesos
C. 50 million pesos
D. 20 million pesos

38. In the construction documents stage of the architect’s design services, which of the following are prepared?
1. general conditions
2. bill of materials
3. cost estimates
4. socio-economic studies
5. all listed items
A. 1, 2, 3
B. 2, 3, 4
C. 1, 3, 4
D. 5

39. Which of the following is the most disadvantageous to both architect and client as a method of compensation?
A. per diem plus reimbursable expenses
B. percentage of construction cost
C. lump sum or fixed fee
D. all listed items

40. Under Article 1723 of the Civil Code, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Action against erring architect/engineer must be brought within 15 years following the collapse of the building.
B. None of the listed items.
C. Contractor is liable for damages caused by defective plans/specifications.
D. Acceptance of building implies waiver of any cause of any action due to defects in building.

41. Under BP 220, what is the minimum fire-resistance rating for a firewall?
A. four hours
B. two hours
C. three hours
D. one hour
JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 7
Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
42. In the architect’s range of services, which of the following comprise/s specialized allied services?
A. all listed items
B. acoustics
C. physical planning
D. landscape design

43. Which of the following describes the percentage of cost method of compensation for architect’s services?
A. establishes a fixed sum/reimbursement for architect’s technical time/overhead
B. flexible; does not affect owner-architect agreement in case of changes
C. adds technical services costs/uses as multiplier for overhead/profit
D. applies only to non-creative work pre-design services

44. Which of the following ------------------------ set of specifications is important to an ESTIMATED ------------?
A. able to effectively direct construction on this avoiding errors/conflicts of opinion
B. able to check character/quality of materials/workmanship during construction
C. able to calculate cost of materials/labor in a most quick/accurate manner
D. able to do accurate shop and millwork

45. Which of the following standards/requirements for buildings/structures is/are regulated/controlled by PD 1096?
A. design
B. quality of materials
C. all listed items
D. construction

46. Under the architect’s design-build services on a guaranteed maximum cost, which of the following conditions should
be observed?
A. savings on project cost go to client only
B. none of listed items
C. savings on project cost go to architect only
D. 20 percent of project cost as architect’s fee

47. What project management tool used by architects which consists of identifying the most critical set of activities and
computing critical path schedules for implementation?
A. critical path method
B. Gantt Chart
C. Project breakdown structure method
D. Network analysis

48. What type of specifications is one where any manufacturer whose product meets the specified performance and
description may bid?
A. descriptive
B. closed
C. brand name
D. open

49. In the Architect’s Code of Ethics, to whom does the Architect have responsibility to consider needs and aesthetic and
functional requirements?
A. contractor
B. public
C. manufacturers/dealers
D. client

50. Under PD 1096, which of the following standards/requirements must be complied with in order to obtain a building
permit?
A. structural design
B. zoning/land use
C. line and grade
JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 8
Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
D. all listed items

51. Which is the second oldest institute of higher education in the Philippines which boasts of ancient Spanish
architecture?
A. University of San Carlos
B. De La Salle University
C. Ateneo de Manila University
D. University of Santo Tomas

52. What do you call the picture writings of primitive people?

A. iconography
B. hieroglyphics
C. calligraphy
D. caryatides

53. Who is the architect who believes that Filipino architecture has been the result of migration, importation and
derivation?
A. Juan Nakpil
B. Cesar H. Concio
C. Rodrigo Perez III
D. Leandro Locsin

54. Who was the first person to suggest the possible kinship between Gothic and Muslim Architecture?
A. James Hobain
B. Thomas Jefferson
C. Benjamin Latrobe
D. Sir Christopher Wren

55. What historic style of architecture contributed the architectural mouldings such as cyma recka, cyma reversa, ovolo,
etc.?
A. Byzantine
B. Early Christian
C. Chinese
D. Greek

56. What Asian arch is so rich in design that “no facet of any structure is left unadorned”?
A. Malay
B. Japanese
C. Thai
D. Filipino

57. What do you call the spherical roof, placed like an “inverted cup over circular, square or rectangular apartment”?
A. Cupola
B. Cymatium
C. Conoid
D. Drum

58. Which of the following factors does NOT effect historic style of architecture?
A. land use
B. geological characteristics
C. religion
D. socio-political conditions

59. Which of the following characterizes a “balai”?

A. chief function is eating/cooking activities
B. requires professional help from architects/engineers to build
C. design harmonizes with the hill, the sea and mountain
JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 9
Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
D. generally multi-room dwelling, light and airy.

60. Which is the most sacred part of a church or temple, which is a holy or consecrated place?
A. transept
B. scene
C. sanctuary
D. shrine

61. Who is the author of the compilation of “The Five Orders Architecture”?
A. Antonio de Sanggallo
B. Jacopo Sansovino
C. Rapahel Santi
D. Giacomo da Vignola

62. Who is the architect of the Asian Institute of Technology in Bangkok?

A. Carlos Arguelles
B. Federico Ilustre
C. Cesar H. Concio
D. Gabreiel Formoso

63. To whom are space frame systems and lamella construction attributed as contribution to architecture?
A. Eugene Freyssinet
B. Pier Luigi Nervi
C. Buckminster Fuller
D. Pier Luigi Nervi

64. What art principle shows the relationships of architectural elements and is usually derived from the human body or its
spare parts as the basis of measurement system?
A. contrast
B. balance
C. volume
D. scale

65. Which of the following explains the classification of structures in relation to architecture?
A. used for architect’s particular aesthetic thought
B.
C. reflects non-efficient materials
D.

66. Who created the Dymaxion House, the first “machine for living” – which is a portable home made from metal alloys
and plastics and where all necessary mechanical systems and devices are placed in the center of the building, with the
living spaces around it—open to the arrangement tastes of the owner?
A. Moshe Safdie
B. Frank Lloyd Wright
C. Buckminster Fuller
D. Louis Kahn

67. What was the first modern architecture school in the world?
A. Chicago School of Arts
B. Bauhaus
C. Ash Can School
D. Ecole de Beaux Arts

68. What type of structure uses materials not necessarily efficiently and where much of it is utilized below its maximum
load-bearing capacity? This is the type in which the structure of most buildings should be placed.
A. minimal structure
B. formal or sculptured structure
JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 10
Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
C. pretentious structure
D. adequate structure

69. Which of the following factors should be considered in color selection as affected by light?
A. functions of room
B. all listed items
C. lighting arrangements
D. location

70. What will be the result if two complementary colors are mixed in proper amounts in the pigment pot?
A. black
B. white
C. brown
D. gray

71. Which of the following relates to the basic concept of territoriality?

A. provision of same home base
B. all listed items
C. protection/evolution of species
D. prevention of parasites

72. What is another term for human engineering which is applied science concerned with characteristics of people that
need to be considered designing and arranging things that they use in order that people and things will interact most
effectively and safely?
A. ergonomics
B. ertogenics
C. ecology
D. proxemics

73. Who is the architect of the UP Engineering and Liberal Arts Building in Diliman, Quezon City?
A. Juan Arellano
B. Leandro Locsin
C. Felipe Mendoza
D. Cesar H. Concio

74. Which sensual type affects placement of rooms which could limit unpleasant odors?
A. kinesthetic
B. visual
C. olfactory
D. auditory

75. Which of the following describes the art aspect of architecture?

A. none of listed items
B. rational structure
C. logical structure
D. utilitarian structure

76. What type of urban form is the most frequently found in many cities, which is a large circle with radial corridors of
intense development emanating from the center?
A. radiocentric
B. ring
C. rectilinear
D. star

77. What type of urban ecological process in land use planning patterning in cities or communities is defined as the
entrance of new population and/or facilities into an occupied area?
A. succession
JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 11
Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
B. concentration
C. invasion
D. decentralization

78. In the early years of city planning, who advocated the principles of neighborhood planning?
A. Howard
B. Clarence Perry
C. Charles Abrams
D. Doxiadis

79. What type of urban ecological process in land use patterning refers to the clustering of certain specialized institutions,
activities or facilities?
A. centralization
B. invasion
C. concentration
D. decentralization

80. What part of basic data and planning studies in a comprehensive development plan describes the physical setting of
the community or region?
A. economic base study
B. land use survey and inventory
C. man-made features
D. history and geography

81. According to classification of cities, an industrial city is one in which the dominance of manufacturing which should
be more than 50% is balanced by a substantial retail trade ration (%). What is this ratio?
A. 40
B. 45
C. 30
D. 35

82. Which urban ecological process in city land use patterning refers to increase of population at certain geographic
center?
A. concentration
B. decentralization
C. succession
D. centralization

83. Which elements of the city are composed of component neighborhoods—the center, uptown, in-town, residential
areas, etc?
A. districts
B. edges
C. pathways
D. nodes

84. What part of basic data and planning studies in a comprehensive development plan describes existing physical
features and street system?
A. economic base studies
B. socio-cultural data
C. man-made features
D. history and geography

85. Which of the following indicate/s good site planning?

1. maximized land use/space
2. efficient circulation
3. best orientation
4. social disorganization
JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 12
Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
5. all items listed
A. 1,
B. 1, 2, 3
C. 2
D. 2,

86. Where did condominium as a solution to the problem of scarcity and high cost of urban land originate?
A. Italy
B. France
C. United States of America
D. England
JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 13
Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
87. What type of urban form is usually the result of natural topography which restricts growth of the result of a
transportation spine?
A. ring
B. radiocentric
C. rectilinear
D. linear

88. Which of the following consideration/s is/are important consideration/s in site planning?
A. attractiveness of landscape
B. usability of space
C. economies in provision of utilities
D. All listed items

89. Which of the following population characteristics are important in determining housing need?
A. all listed items
B. over-crowding
C. migration
D. new family formation

90. Which of the following gives a POSITIVE view?

A. blank walls of industrial areas
B. billboards
C. elevated highways
D. large public parks

91. What type of urban ecological process in city land use patterning is described as the result of a complete invasion and
where the majority of the population and/or facilities of an area is replaced by a new type?
A. succession
B. renewal
C. decentralization
D. invasion

92. Which of the following describes future housing need?

A. all listed items
B. housing backlog
C. housing to be replaced
D. housing for new family/household formation

93. Which of the following illustrates the concept of housing?

A. consumer product
B. all listed items
C. biological institution
D. social/economic process

94. Which component of a comprehensive/master plan delineates railroad lines/terminals?

A. land use plan
B. community facilities plan
C. circulation/transportation plan
D. public utilities/related service facilities plan

95. What do you call the system which coordinates the dimensions of all buildings themselves, as well as with the
dimensions of the buildings to be erected in order to reduce the cost of construction?
A. prefabricated system
B. component coordination system
C. modular coordination system
D. building technology system
JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 14
Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
96. In the illustration on SPACE INTERRELATIONSHIP NETWORK for a small bank, which spaces have to consider
proximity as desirable but NOT very necessary?
A. 5 and 6
B. 3 and 4
C. 4 and 8
D. 4 and 3

97. An illustration on types of crosses, identify the Salitre or St. Andrew Cross.
A. Figure 1
B. Figure 4
C. Figure 3
D. Figure 2

98. In Illustrations on moulding sections, identify cyma reversa.

A. Figure 2
B. Figure 3
C. Figure 5
D. Figure 4

99. In Illustrations on moulding sections, identify cyma recta.

A. Figure 3
B. Figure 2, Figure 3
C. Figure 4
D. Figure 1

100. What do you call the Illustration on Freeway configuration?

A. four-level interchange
B. diamond interchange
C. universal interchange
D. clover leaf interchange
JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 15
Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
ANSWERS:
1. A
2. C
3. C
4. A
5. C
6. B
7. D
8. A?
9. D
10. B
11. D
12. C
13. D
14. D
15. D
16. D
17. D
18. C
19. D
20. A
21. B
22. D
23. B
24. B?
25. B
26. A
27. B
28. D
29. C
30. A
31. C
32. B
33. C
34. B?
35. A
36. D
37. ?
38. A?
39. B
40. B?
41. D
42. A
43. B?
44. C?
45. ?
46. D?
47. A
48. D
49. D
50. D
51. D
52. B
53. ?
54. ?
55. D
56. C
JANUARY 1999 BOARD EXAMINATION 16
Part 2: Architectural Practice and History/Theory Jan. 22, 1999 (08:00 am -– 12 noon)
57. A
58. A
59. ?
60. C
61. D
62. B
63. C
64. D
65.
66. C
67. B
68. A?: Check Winnard Klassens’s book, “A History of Western Architecture” (cover colored gray)
69. B
70. C?: Check Ching’s book
71. ?
72. D
73. D
74. C
75. A: Check Winnard Klassens’s book, “A History of Western Architecture” (cover colored gray)
76. A: Check Winnard Klassens’s book, “A History of Western Architecture” (cover colored gray)
77. C: Check Winnard Klassens’s book, “A History of Western Architecture” (cover colored gray)
78. ?
79. A: Check Winnard Klassens’s book, “A History of Western Architecture” (cover colored gray)
80. D
81. ?
82. A
83. A
84. C
85. B
86. A?
87. B
88. D
89. A
90. D
91. B
92. A
93. B
94. C
95. C
96. ?
97. ?
98. ? : check Banister Fletcher
99. ?: check Banister Fletcher
100. D