GENERATING MODEL AND PERFORMANCE

ANALYSIS OF SSR-4 KALANA LONG BUSINESS JET

AIRCRAFT IN XPLANE AND SIMULINK
Mabbrur, Mohammad Alif Maarif

Aerospace Engineering Department

Bandung Institute of Technology

13616028

ABSTRACT
Aircraft design is one of the most inteesting part in aerospace field, and needs a long time
to do some testing phases. Otherwise, before the real flight test will be performed, some
computer simulation have to be done to reduce time, cost, and also give a good initial
approximation about the aircraft’s performance. SSR-4 Kalana is a business jet aircraft,
designed by the author and collegues, during the aircraft design course in ITB. A
performance analysis had done by using X-Plane and simulink, to analyze the aircraft
performance, wether it satisfy the requirements or not.

Keyword: aircraft design, business jet, Plane Maker, Simulink, X-Plane

1 Introduction
Computer flight simulation is commonly use as a method either for pilot skill training,
gaming, and also reasearch purposes. X-Plane is one of the most widely use flight
simulation software. X-Plane also provide another add-ins feature intheir software, called
X-Plane Planemaker. It can be identified from its name, this software use to create, or
modified user’s own aircraft. The aircraft which created in X-Plane Planemaker also can
be modelled as close and realistic as the real model. In the software, there are any types

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of design parameters (fuselage, wing, engine, landing gear, etc) can be modified, and also
the avionics can be set up as freely as the user’s want, based on the designed parameters.

During the 7th and 8th semester in aerospace engineering, student has been given a course
about aircraft design, where students in a small group consists of 5 to 6 people has to
design an aircraft, based on the given DRO (design, requirements, objectives). In this
case, the writer has designed a long-range business jet aircraft, named “SSR-4 Kalana”.
During the design process, the writer and his friends curious about wether this aircraft is
possible to perform a flight or not, and also its flying quality and performance, since SSR-
4 Kalana has some unique features and geometry compared to its competitor in its
segment.

2 Aircraft’s Specifiation
SSR-4 Kalana is a long-range business jet aircraft, which targeted to be launched in 2025.
This aircraft has to compete with other latest long-range business jet aircraft produced by
other famous manufacturer, such as Dassault Falcon 6X, Gulfstream G700, and also
Embrarer Legacy 650. To compete with such an aircraft, SSR-4 Kalana has some
different configurations, such as canard as the control surface, and upper-wing mounted
engine’s nacelle. These features of course to provide better flight performance, such as
manuverability, take-off and landing performance, less drag force, comfort aspect inside
the cabin, and also the aesthetics from the model itself to look ‘outstanding’ compared
the its competitors.

Here is the technical specification of the SSR-4 Kalana Aircraft, and its 3view drawing

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Figure 1. View Drawing of SSR-4 Kalana Business Jet

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 Table 1. General Specification of SSR-4 Kalana

3. Aircraft Model in Xplane

3.1. Modeling Steps
To create a model in the Planemaker, writer modified the available aircraft, which is
Cessna 680 Sovereign in the forum website (to make the work step easier) for X-Plane
users, called forums.x-plane.org. This aircraft model choosen, by considering it as the
business jet aircraft and the model is relative simple, so there are no many major changes
in the model. Here is the model of Cessna 680 Sovereign.

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 Figure 2. Cessna 680 Sovereign model

Therefore, fuselage size, wing size, control surfaces, landing gear size, and engine
specification has to be modified, because it has different size and geometry compared to
the SSR-4 Kalana.

Figure 3. wing modeling

SSR-4 Kalana has 2.4 meters fuselage diameter, with 25.6 meters length. The fuselage
devided into 18 sections, with 4000 m length for nose section, and 6100 m length for aft
section. For the wing section, its devided into 8 misc wings parts, with 3 degree dihedral

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angle. The wing span itself is 25.5 m, and 28.3 degree swept angle. Control surfaces also
included into the wing section (aileron, flaps, speedbreaker/spoiler). For canard section,
it use ‘horiz stab’ in ‘wings’ section model. Its has 6.7 span, with 4 degree incidence
angle. Control surfaces also included there. For engine part, the parameters are based on
the type of engine use by SSR-4 Kalana, which is Rolls Royce BR 725-A1. The value of
maximum thrust is 72.5 kN (16400 lbf), which pylons and nacelles located on the upper
wing. The value of its specific fuel consumption is at 0.65.

Figure 4. horizontal satbilizer modeling

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Some basics instruments has to be displayed to help the pilot during the flight. The types
of intrument model used is 2D panel, with some basics indicator displayed (airspeed,
altitude, attitude, angle of attack, vertical speed). Here is the cockpit display of SSR-4
Kalana aircraft.

Figure 5. Cockpit instruments modeling

3.2. Aircraft Model in X-Plane Simulator

Even the aircraft is not perfectly good in the appearance, but the geometry is quite
representative, compared to the designed model. And for the skin, textures, and livery, it
takes time to designed it properly, so it will not be included in this work.

Figure 6. Model of SSR-4 Kalana in XPlane 11

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 Figure 7. model of SSR-4 Kalana in XPlane 11

Figure 8. Cockpit view of SSR-4 Kalana in XPlane 11

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3.3. Simulink Data Receiver Model
During the test flight, data from Xplane have to be aextracted to Simulink for further
anlysis. The data output connected via UDP send, through the simulink model for
recieving data that has been made before the simulation performed. Data received from
the Xplane is 221 bytes, with 11 outputs showed to scope model.

Figure 9. Data receiver model in Simulink

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4. Simulation Result
In this chapter, some ‘simple’ flight test procedure will be performed to analyze the take-
off performance, cruise performance, climb performance, and landing performance
during the flight. The data output connected via UDP send, through the simulink model
for recieving data. During the test flight, the aircraft condition is in MTOW condition,
which at 69100 lb. Here are some data measured during the flight test of SSR-4 Kalana.

Figure 10. Initial Flight Conditions

Figure 11. Altitude during testflight

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 Figure 12. KIAS during test flight

Figure 13. Pitch angle graph during test flight

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 Figure 14. Heading graph during test flight.

5. Analysis
The test flight performed from take-off, up to cruise altitude (41000 ft). Based on the
recieved data, to reach the cruise altitude it takes approximately 400 seconds, around 6.7
minutes from ground. The highest speed reached when t = 70 seconds, at 335 Knots
indicated airspeed during the climb. During the take-off process, after the brake released,
it takes around 35 seconds for the aircraft to complete the take-off process. Form the pitch
angle graph, it varies from 0 to 30 degrees, and it seemed not constant. The highest pitch
angle achieved at 30 degrees, whem t = 100 seconds at altitude 11000 ft. In the pilot point
of view, the aircraft was easy to change the pitch angle. Its not required high elevator
angle deflection, and the pitch rate was considerably fast. This phenomena happened
because of the aircraft with canard configuration will have better manurability compared
to the conventional tail.

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6. Conclusions
After modeling and simulated the aircraft in xplane planemaker and Simulink, here are
some conclusions related to the work :

• The climbing performance of SSR-4 Kalana is considered fast compared to the

competitors, but still not very realistic. Therefore, further detailed modeling has to be
done.
• SSR-4 Kalana can perform take off in 4050 ft runaway, with 6900 lb MTOW.
• To reach cruise altitude (41000 ft), it takes approximately 400 seconds .
• Cruise speed of the aircraft at cruise altitude approximately at 250 Knots Indicated
Airspeed.
• The aircraft can perform take off less than 50 seconds.
• Further detail modelling has to be performed for better flight test results.

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References
[1] Roskam, J. 1985. Airplane Design. Ottawa: Roskam Aviation and Engineering
Corporation.
[2] Torenbeek, Egbert. 1982. Synthesis of Subsonic Airplane Design. Dordrecht: Kluwer
Academic Publishers.

[3] https://www.x-plane.com/kb/data-set-output-table/

[4] https://developer.x-plane.com/manuals/planemaker/

[5] https://forums.x-plane.org/index.php?/files/file/39862-cessna-680-citation-sovereign/

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